Kardiyak Rehabilitasyonda Değerlendirme: Geleneksel Derleme

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 14 - 27, 27.09.2022

Nazlı Güngör

Öz

Amaç: Kardiyak hastalıklarda kişiye uygun bir rehabilitasyon programının planlanabilmesi i̇çin kapsamlı bir değerlendirme yapılması gerekmektedir. Değerlendirme hastanın kardiyak hastalığa özgü semptomlarını farklı boyutlarda i̇nceleyecek biçimde yapılandırılmalıdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı kardiyak rehabilitasyonda uygulanan değerlendirme programının bileşenlerinin derlenmesidir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu derleme kapsamında PubMed, Scopus ve Google akademik veritabanları taranmıştır. Çalışmanın dahil edilme kriterlerine uygun olan 44 makale seçilerek diğer çalışmalar dışlanmıştır.
Bulgular: Kardiyak rehabilitasyonda değerlendirme kardiyak hastalık epikrizi, anamnez, inspeksiyon, palpasyon, vücut kompozisyonunun değerlendirilmesi, EKG bulguları, ritim değerlendirmesi, ekokardiyografi, oskültasyon, laboratuvar bulguları, solunum değerlendirmesi, kardiyak rehabilitasyon sonuç ölçümleri, komorbidite değerlendirmesi, fonksiyonel değerlendirmeler, fiziksel aktivite düzeyi değerlendirmesi, diğer değerlendirmeler (uyku kalitesi, yorgunluk, psikososyal durum, günlük yaşam aktiviteleri, hastalığa özgü hasta bildirimi ölçekleri, sağlıkla ilişkili yaşam kalitesi, egzersiz programına uyum vb.) ve ICF biyopsikososyal modeline göre değerlendirme bileşenlerini içermelidir. Ayrıca değerlendirme sonuçlarının analizi ve raporlanması da oldukça önemlidir. Kardiyak rehabilitasyonda değerlendirmenin kardiyak rehabilitasyon Faz 1 evresinin bileşenlerinden biri olduğu unutulmamalıdır. Kardiyak rehabilitasyonda değerlendirme sonuçları bireysel başarıyı ve programın etkinliğini göstermede kullanılabilir. Değerlendirme, hastaya ve multidisipliner ekibin diğer üyelerine rehabilitasyon programıyla hastada elde edilen gelişmeleri objektif olarak kanıtlayabilmek için gereklidir.
Sonuç: Kardiyak rehabilitasyonda hastalığa özgü semptomların bilinmesi ve hastanın fiziksel, fizyolojik, fonksiyonel düzeyinin belirlenmesi amacıyla kardiyak rehabilitasyon fazlarına uygun değerlendirmelerin yapılması gerekmektedir. Değerlendirme sonuçları yorumlanarak hastaya uygun kardiyak rehabilitasyon programı planlanabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

kardiyak hastalık, biyopsikososyal model, değerlendirme, kardiyak rehabilitasyon Faz I

Destekleyen Kurum

TÜBİTAK BİDEB

Proje Numarası

2211-A Genel Yurtiçi Doktora Burs Programı

Teşekkür

Bu çalışmaya 2211-A Genel Yurtiçi Doktora Burs Programı kapsamında finansal destek sağlayan TÜBİTAK BİDEB’e teşekkürlerimi sunarım.

Evaluation in Cardiac Rehabilitation: Traditional Review

Öz

Objective: A comprehensive evaluation is required in order to plan an individual rehabilitation program in cardiac diseases. The assessment should be structured to examine the patient's cardiac disease-specific symptoms in different dimensions. The aim of this study is to review components of the evaluation which is implemented in the cardiac rehabilitation program.
Method: In the scope of this review PubMed, Scopus ve Google scholar databases were searched. After selecting 44 articles that met the inclusion criteria of the study, other studies were excluded.
Results: Evaluation in cardiac rehabilitation should consist of these components: cardiac disease epicrisis, anamnesis, inspection, palpation, evaluation of body composition, ECG findings, rhythm evaluation, echocardiography, auscultation, laboratory findings, respiratory evaluation, cardiac rehabilitation outcome measures, comorbidity evaluation, functional evaluations, physical activity level evaluation, other assessments (sleep quality, fatigue, psychosocial status, activities of daily living, disease-specific patient self-reported scales, health-related quality of life, compliance with the exercise program, etc.) and assessment according to the ICF biopsychosocial model. It is also very important to analyze and report the evaluation results. It should be noted that assessment in cardiac rehabilitation is one of the components of Phase I cardiac rehabilitation. Evaluation results can be used to demonstrate the individual success and effectiveness of the program in cardiac rehabilitation. Evaluation is necessary to objectively demonstrate to the patient and other members of the multidisciplinary team the improvements achieved in the rehabilitation program.
Conclusion: In cardiac rehabilitation, it is necessary to make appropriate evaluations for the cardiac rehabilitation phases in order to know the symptoms specific to the disease and to determine the physical, physiological, and functional level of the patient. By interpreting the evaluation results, a suitable cardiac rehabilitation program can be planned for the patient.

Anahtar Kelimeler

cardiac disease, biopsychosocial model, assessment, Phase I cardiac rehabilitation

Proje Numarası

2211-A Genel Yurtiçi Doktora Burs Programı

Kaynakça

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