Güç Sistemlerinde Harmonik Kestirim Problemlerinin Çözümü için Sezgisel Yöntemler

Öz

Globalleşen dünya ile birlikte kaliteli elektrik enerjisine olan ihtiyaç da her geçen gün artmaktadır. Güç sistemlerinde yer alan lineer olmayan bileşenler nedeniyle, harmonikler oluşmakta ve sinyal formunda bozulmalar meydana gelmektedir. Harmoniklerin neden olabileceği olumsuz etkileri azaltmak amacıyla, sinyallerin genlik, faz ve frekans bileşenlerinin kestirimi oldukça önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, sentetik bir güç sinyaline ait genlik, faz ve frekans parametreleri, Gri Kurt Optimizasyonu (GWO), Güve Alev Optimizasyonu (MFO), Balık Kartalı Optimizasyon Algoritması (OOA) ve Balina Optimizasyon Algoritması (WOA) sezgisel optimizasyon yöntemleri ile bulunmuştur. Güç sistemlerinin sahip olduğu bileşenlerden dolayı sinyaller gürültü içerebilmektedir. Bu nedenle, seçilen test sinyalinin 20db sinyal gürültü oranı (SNR) içeren durumu da ayrıca dikkate alınmıştır. Bu sayede, farklı sezgisel yöntemlerin harmonik kestirim problemlerindeki etkisi analiz edilmiştir. Seçilen yöntemler ile tahmin edilen parametrelerin yüzde hata oranları karşılaştırmalı olarak sunulmuştur. Dahası, sezgiler teknikler için performans indeksleri ayrı ayrı hesaplanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar analiz edildiğinde, MFO ile sentetik güç sinyaline ait genlik, frekans ve faz parametrelerinin en yüksek doğrulukta belirlendiği ve en düşük performans indeksine ulaşıldığı gözlemlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Harmonikler
• Harmonik kestirim
• SNR
• Sezgisel teknikler
• Optimizasyon

Heuristic Methods for Solving of Harmonic Estimation Problems in Power Systems

Öz

With the globalizing world, the need for quality electrical energy is increasing day by day. Due to the nonlinear components in power systems, harmonics and distortions occur in the signal form. In order to reduce the negative effects of harmonics, estimation of amplitude, phase and frequency components of signals is very important. In this study, amplitude, phase and frequency parameters of a synthetic power signal have been found via Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO), Moth Flame Optimization (MFO), Osprey Optimization Algorithm (OOA) and Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) heuristic optimization methods. Due to the components of power systems, signals may contain noise. For this reason, the case containing 20db signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was taken into account of the selected test signal. In this way, the effect of different heuristic methods on harmonic estimation problems has been analyzed. The percentage error rates of the estimated parameters with the selected methods have been presented comparatively. Moreover, the performance indexes for the heuristic techniques have been computed separately. When the obtained results have been analyzed, it has been observed that the amplitude, frequency and phase parameters of the synthetic power signal have been determined with the highest accuracy with MFO and the lowest performance index has been achieved with MFO.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Harmonics
• Harmonic estimation
• SNR
• Heuristic techniques
• Optimization

Kaynakça

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