Gelişme Dönemi ve Kurutma Şeklinin Çörtük Otu (Echinophora tenuifolia subsp. sibthorpiana Tutin)’nun Uçucu Yağ Oranı ve Bileşenleri Üzerine Etkilerinin Belirlenmesi

Öz

Araştırma, Isparta florasında yaygın olarak yetişen çörtük otu (Echinophora tenuifolia subsp. sibthorpiana Tutin) bitkisinin gelişme dönemi boyunca uçucu yağ oran ve bileşenlerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla 2012 yılında yürütülmüştür. Bitkiler fide, sapa kalkma, tam çiçeklenme ve tohum bağlama dönemlerinde toplanmıştır. Uçucu yağ analizleri hem taze olarak hem de gölge ve güneşte kurutulduktan sonra yapılmıştır. Örneklerdeki uçucu yağ miktarları clavenger tipi hidro-distilasyon cihazında, uçucu yağ bileşenleri ise GC/MS cihazında belirlenmiştir. Bitkilerin uçucu yağ oranlarının gelişme dönemlerine göre önemli varyasyonlar gösterdiği, taze örneklerde fide döneminde % 0.76 olan uçucu yağ oranının tohum bağlama döneminde % 1.06’ya yükseldiği belirlenmiştir. Gölgede kurutulan örneklerin uçucu yağ oranları taze ve güneşte kurutulan örneklere göre daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Uçucu yağ bileşenleri bitki gelişme dönemine ve kurutma yöntemine bağlı olarak önemli değişimler göstermiştir. Bitkinin tüm gelişme dönemlerinde de uçucu yağın yaklaşık 20 farklı bileşenden oluştuğu ve ana bileşenlerin αphellandrene (% 47.43 - 66.39) ve methyl eugenol (% 21.29 – 38.72) olduğu belirlenmiştir. Hem taze hem de kurutulan örneklerde gelişme dönemi ilerledikçe methtl eugenol azalırken, α-phellandrene artış göstermiştir. Çalışmada, çörtük otu bitkisinde gelişme dönemi ve kurutma yönteminin uçucu yağ oranı ve bileşenleri üzerine önemli etkiler gösterdiği ve bitkinin kullanım amacına bağlı olarak hasat zamanı ve kurutma yönteminin dikkate alınması gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Echinophora tenuifolia
• subsp. sibthorpiana
• Gelişme dönemi
• Kurutma şekli
• Uçucu yağ oranı ve bileşenleri

Growth Stage and Drying Methods Affect Essential Oil Content and Composition of Pickling Herb (Echinophora tenuifolia subsp. sibthorpiana Tutin)

Öz

The present research was conducted during 2012 in order to determine the essential oil content and composition of Echinophora tenuifolia subsp. sibthorpiana Tutin. Plants were collected during rosette, vegetative growth, full flowering and fruit-ripening stages. Oil was extracted using Clavenger hydrodistillation apparatus from either fresh, shade dried or sun dried samples. Oil composition was determined with a GC/MS. Oil content of samples showed significant variation during the vegetative stages of development. Oil contents of fresh samples were found to be 0.76% at seedling stage whereas oil content has risen to 1.06% at seed set. The shade-dried samples had higher oil contents than the fresh and sun dried samples. The oil composition of pickling herb changed with drying method and growth stage. Throughout the growth stage of the plant, the oil was composed of 21 components and the main components were found to be αphellandrene (47.43 - 66.39%) and methyl eugenol (21.29 – 38.72%). While methyl eugenol content decreased during vegetation period for both fresh and dried samples, α-phellandrene level increased. Attention should be given to the collection time and drying method of pickling herb for different uses since vegetative stage and drying method influence oil content and composition.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Drying method
• Echinophora tenuifolia
• subsp. sibthorpiana
• Essential oil content and
• composition
• Growth stage

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