Yerfıstığı (Arachis hypogaea L.) Genotiplerinin Bazı Besinsel ve Antioksidan Parametreler Bakımından Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye’de yetiştirilen altı farklı yerfıstığı genotipinin bazı besinsel ve antioksidan parametrelerini araştırmaktır. Analizler için kabuksuz tohum özütleri kullanılmıştır. Tohumların iç kabukları soyulmamıştır. Ham protein ve ham yağ miktarları, yağ asidi kompozisyonları, toplam fenolik ve flavonoid içerikleri ile toplam antioksidan kapasiteleri araştırılmıştır. Tohumların ham yağ içerikleri %43.9’dan %45.9’a kadar sıralanmıştır. Öte yandan, ham protein içerikleri %26.9 ile 30.6 arasında değişim göstermiştir. En yüksek protein yüzdesi NC-7 tohumlarında belirlenmiştir. Genotiplerin ham yağ içerikleri istatistiksel olarak farklı değildi. Oleik asit tüm genotiplerde en çok bulunan yağ asidi olmuş ve bunu sırasıyla linoleik asit, palmitik asit, stearik asit ve linolenik asit takip etmiştir. En yüksek oleik asit/linoleik asit oranı NC-7 ve DA35/2011’de gözlenmiştir. Toplam fenolik ve toplam flavonoid analizlerinden elde edilen veriler her bir genotip için benzerdir. NC-7 ve DA35-2011 toplam fenolik ve toplam flavonoid içerikleri açısından en fakir genotiplerdir. ABTS^.+ radikal süpürme aktivitesine göre, en güçlü genotipler Gazipaşa ve Sultan’dır. Çalışmamız, daha fazla fenolik içeriğin her bir genotip için daha fazla antioksidan kapasiteye yol açtığını göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Antioksidan,Arachis hypogaea,Yağ asitleri,Beslenme,Yerfıstığı,Fenolikler

Assessment of Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Genotypes in Terms of Some Nutritional and Antioxidant Parameters

Öz

The objective of this study was to investigate some nutritional and antioxidant parameters of six different peanut genotypes grown in Turkey. Unshelled seed extracts were used for analyses. The skins of the seeds were not peeled. The crude protein and the crude oil amounts, fatty acid compositions, the total phenolic and flavonoid contents and the total antioxidant capacities were investigated. The crude oil contents of seeds ranged from 43.9 to 45.9%. On the other hand, the crude protein contents varied between 26.9 and 30.6%. The highest protein percentage was determined in NC-7 seeds. The crude oil contents of the genotypes were not different statistically. Oleic acid was the most plentiful fatty acid in all genotypes and followed by linoleic acid, palmitic, stearic and linolenic acids, respectively. The highest oleic acid/linoleic acid ratio was found in NC-7 and DA35/2011. Data obtained from the total phenolic and the total flavonoid analyses had similar manners for each genotype. NC-7 and DA35-2011 were the poorest genotypes in the total phenolic and flavonoid levels. With regards to the ABTS^.+ radical scavenging activity, the most powerful genotypes were Gazipaşa and Sultan. Our study showed that the more phenolic content gave rise to the more antioxidant capacity for each genotype.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Antioxidant,Arachis hypogaea,Fatty acids,Nutrition,Peanut,Phenolics

Kaynakça

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