Determination and Comparison of Greenhouse Gases As A Result of Household Solid Waste Collection in Hayrabolu

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 2, 528 - 539, 25.08.2019

Eyüp Nafiz Korkut

https://doi.org/10.19113/sdufenbed.544189

Öz

Tekirdağ is
a city that located in Northwest of Turkey. Hayrabolu is one the sub districts
of Tekirdağ. Total greenhouse gas emissions and average global warming factor
for Hayrabolu and its districts were estimated as a result of household waste
collection activities. This study was carried out during May of 2017. The
amount of distance travelled  and disel
fuel consumed by waste collection vehicles were recorded. These recorded values
were used for the calculation and estimation of greenhouse gases amounts. The
quantified disel fuel consumptions for each waste collection vehicles were
evaluated separately in order to compare with each other. Total monthly
greenhouse gas emission for Hayrabolu was estimated as 18,68 tons CO₂-equivalent.
On the other hand, the average monthly global warming factor was calculated as
13,30 kg CO₂-equivalent per ton of waste collected. Lastly, these
estimated values were compared with the values in the literature.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Household waste collection, Greenhouse gas emission, Global warming factor, Household waste collection vehicle, Waste management

Hayrabolu’da Evsel Katı Atık Toplama Faaliyetleri Sonucu Oluşan Sera Gazlarının Tespiti ve Karşılaştırılması

Öz

Bu
çalışmada Tekirdağ ilinin Hayrabolu ilçesine ait mahallelerde evsel atıkların
toplanması sonucu oluşan sera gazı miktarları araştırılmıştır. Çalışma 2017
senesinin Mayıs ayı boyunca yapılmıştır. Evsel atıkların toplanması için
kullanılan araçların yaptıkları toplam mesafeler ve topladıkları atık
miktarları ayrıntılı olarak tespit edilmiştir. Bu tespitler kullanılarak her
bir toplama aracının meydana getirdiği sera gazı miktarları CO₂
eşdeğeri olarak hesaplanmıştır. Küresel ısınma faktörü olarak tanımlanan ve her
bir toplama aracı için 1 ton toplanan atık başına oluşan CO₂
eşdeğerleri hesaplanmıştır. Sonuçta ilçede evsel atık toplamaya bağlı her
mahallede ve toplamda meydana gelen sera gazı miktarları hesaplanmıştır. Buna
göre Hayrabolu’da toplamda aylık 18,68 ton CO₂ eşdeğeri tespit
edilmiştir. Ayrıca, aylık ortalama küresel ısınma faktörü 13,30 kg CO₂-eş/ton-atık
olarak hesaplanmıştır. Son olarak tespit edilen bu değerler literatürdeki
benzer çalışmalarla karşılaştırılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Evsel atık toplama, Sera gazı emisyonu, Küresel ısınma faktörü, Evsel atık toplama aracı, Atık yönetimi

Kaynakça

• [1] Simonetto, E.O., Borenstein, D. 2007. A decision support system for the operational planning of solid waste collection. Waste Management, 27:1286–1297.
• [2] Iriarte, A., Gabarrell, X., Rieradevall, J. 2009. LCA of selective waste collection systems in dense urban areas. Waste Management, 29: 903–914.
• [3] Eisted, R., Larsen, A.W., Christensen, T.H. 2009. Collection, transfer and transport of waste: Accounting of greenhouse gases and global warming contribution. Waste Management and Research, 27: 738–745.
• [4] Larsen, A.W., Vrgoc, M., Christensen, T.H. 2009. Diesel consumption in waste collection and transport and its environmental significance. Waste Management & Research, 27: 652–659.
• [5] Korkut, N.E., Yaman, C., Küçükağa, Y., Jaunich, M.K., Demir, İ. 2018. Greenhouse gas contribution of municipal solid waste collection: A case study in the city of Istanbul, Turkey. Waste Management & Research, 36(2): 131–139.
• [6] Spielmann, M., Scholz, R.W. 2005. Life Cycle Inventories for Transport Services. Int Journal of LCA, 10 (1):85-94.
• [7] Spielmann, M., Bauer, C., Dones, R. 2007. Transport services: Ecoinvent report no. 14. Dübendorf, Switzerland: Inventories, S.C.f.L.C. Available at: https://db.ecoinvent.org/ reports/14_ Transport.pdf (accessed 11 July 2017).
• [8] Larsen, A.W., Merrild, H., Moller, J., Christensen, T.H. 2010. Waste collection systems for recyclables: an environmental and economic assessment for the municipality of Aarhus (Denmark). Waste Management, 30(5): 744-754.
• [9] Smith, A., Brown, K., Ogilvie, S., Rushton, K., Bates, J. 2001. Waste management options and climate change: Final report to the European Commission. DG Environment.
• [10] Fisher, K. 2006. Impact of Energy from Waste and Recycling Policy on UKGreenhouse Gas Emissions – Final Report. Oxford, UK., Available at: http://randd.defra.gov.uk/ Document.aspx Document=WR0609_5737_ FRP.pdf (accessed 11 July 2017).
• [11] Skovgaard, M., Hedal, N., Villanueva, A. 2008. Municipal waste management and greenhouse gases. Copenhagen, Denmark, Management, E.T.C.o.R.a.W. Available at: http://orbit.dtu.dk/ fedora/objects/orbit:80479/datastreams/ file_3309363/content (accessed 11 July 2017).
• [12] Salhofer, S., Schneider, F., Obersteiner, G. 2007. The ecological relevance of transport in waste disposal systems in Western Europe. Waste Management, 27: 47–57.
• [13] ICF Consulting. 2005. Determination of the Impact of Waste Management Activities on Greenhouse Gas Emissions. Update. Toronto, Canada: ICF Consulting. Available at: http://www.rcbc.ca/files/u3/ICF-finalreport. pdf (accessed 11 July 2017).
• [14] Metcalfe, P. 2008. Energy Audit of the Kerbside Recycling Services. Energy Audit Camden Report 3. Wolverhampton, UK. The London Borough of Camden.
• [15] Facanha, C., Horvath, A. 2007. Evaluation of life-cycle air emission factors of freight transportation. Environmental Science & Technology, 41: 7138–7144.
• [16] Jaunich, M.K., Levis, J.W., Barlaz, M.A., DeCarolis, J.F. 2016a. Lifecycle process model for municipal solid waste collection. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 142 (8): 04016037.
• [17] Jaunich, M.K., Levis, J.W., DeCarolis, J.F, Gaston, E.V., Barlaz, M.A., Bartelt-Hunt, S.L., Jones, E.G., Hauser, L., Jaikumar. R. 2016b. Characterization of municipal solid waste collection operations. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 114: 92–102.
• [18] Fruergaard, T., Astrup, T., Ekvall, T. 2009. Energy use and recovery in waste management and implications for accounting of greenhouse gases and global warming contributions. Waste Management & Research, 27:724–737.
• [19] Zhao, W., van der Voet, E., Zhang, Y., Huppes, G. 2009. Life cycle assessment of municipal solid waste management with regard to greenhouse gas emissions: Case study of Tianjin, China. Science of the Total Environment, 407: 1517–1526.
• [20] der Boer, J., den Boer, E., Jager, J,. 2007. LCA-IWM: A decision support tool for sustainability assessment of waste management systems. Waste Management, 27: 1032–1045.
• [21] Sonesson, U. 2000. Modelling of waste collection–a general approach to calculate fuel consumption and time. Waste Management and Research, 18: 115–123.