Loratadin ve Desloratadin’in İyonlaşma Sabitlerinin HPLC Yöntemi ile Tayini
Yıl 2019,
Cilt: 23 Sayı: 3, 963 - 969, 25.12.2019
Dilara Başat Dereli
,
Yasemin Tekin Kocabay
Öz
Çağın
giderek yaygınlaşan hastalıklarından biri alerjik rinittir. Alerjik rinitin
tedavisinde öncelikle alerjenlerden kaçınma ve ilaç tedavisi kullanılır. İlaç
olarak daha çok alerjenin etkisini azaltan antihistaminikler kullanılır. Bu
sebeple son yıllarda bu ilaçların çözünürlük, biyolojik aktivite, absorpsiyon,
lipofilik etkileri ve iyonlaşma sabitleri gibi fizikokimyasal parametreleri,
yan etkileri ve ilaç etkileşimleri daha kapsamlı araştırılmaktadır. İyonlaşma
sabiti (pKa) bir molekülün iyonlaşmış ve iyonlaşmamış formlarının
birbirine eşit olduğu pH değeridir. pKa değeri ilaç absorbsiyonunu
etkiler. İlaçların çoğu suda çözünürlüğü az olan moleküller olduğu için iyonlaşma
sabitlerinin tayinlerinde su-organik çözücü ikili karışımları kullanılır. Bu
çalışmada loratadin ve desloratadin’in su-asetonitril çözücü karışımında
iyonlaşma sabiti değerleri HPLC yöntemiyle tayin edilmiştir. Non lineer
regresyon programı (NLREG) kullanılarak elde edilen pKa
değerlerinden Mol kesri-pKa yöntemi ve Yasuda-Shedlovsky ekstrapolasyon
yöntemiyle sudaki pKa değerlerine geçilmiştir. Elde edilen verilerin
bilgisayar programı ile hesaplanan verilerle uyum içerisinde olduğu
gözlenmiştir.
Destekleyen Kurum
Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi, Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinatörlüğü
Proje Numarası
BEBAP 2018.05
Teşekkür
Bu çalışma Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinatörlüğünde BEBAP 2018.05 nolu proje ile desteklenmiştir. Çalışmamızı maddi olarak destekleyen Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinatörlüğü’ne teşekkür ederiz
Kaynakça
- [1] Anonim, 2015. Türkiye Ulusal Allerji ve Klinik İmmünoloji Derneği. http://www.aid.org.tr/tr/allerjik-hastaliklar-menusu/allerjik-rinit-allerjik-nezle.html (ErişimTarihi: 25.08.2016).
- [2] Bousquet, J., Van Cauwenberge, P., Khaltaev, N. 2001. Allergic rhinitis and its impact on asthma. Journal of allergy and clinical immunology, 108(5), 147-334.
- [3] Kaleli, E. 2010. Loratadin’den desloratadin sentezi ve polimorfik yapılarının incelenmesi. Gazi Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ankara.
- [4] Özluoğlu, L.N., Saydan, L., Kızılay, A., 1994. Antihistaminikler. KBB ve Baş Boyun Cerrahi Dergisi, 2(1), 71-74.
- [5] Anonim, 2003. tipedu.cumhuriyet.edu.tr/Donem3/.../Farmakoloji/.../HistaminveAntihistaminikler.doc (Erişim Tarihi: 25.08.2016).
- [6] Li, J.J., Johnson, D.S., Sliskovic, D.R., Roth, B.D. 2004. Contemporary drug synthesis. John Wiley & Sons. New Jersey, 221s.
- [7] Rossotti, J. C., Rossotti, H. 1961. The Determination of Stability Constants. McGraw-Hill. New York, 425s.
- [8] Paul, W.W., Lois, E.W. 1966. Spectrophotometric determination of the acid dissociation constants of 3-hydroxypyridine. Analytical Biochemistry, 15(3), 421-425.
- [9] Albert, A., Serjeant, E. P. 1971. The Determination Of Ionization Constants and Laboratory Manual. Chapman and Hall, 115s.
- [10] Benet, L.Z., Goyan, J.E. 1967. Potentiometric determination of dissociation constants. J Pharm Sci 56(6), 665-680.
- [11] Sixma, F. L. J., Wynberg, H. 1964. A Manual of Physical Methods in Organic Chemistry. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York, 342s.
- [12] Kroflic, A., Apelbla,t A., Bešter-Rogac, M. 2012. Dissociation constants of parabens and limiting conductance’s of their ions in water. J Phys Chem B. 116(4), 1385-1392.
- [13] Rabenstein, D.L., Sayer, T.L. 1976. Carbon-13 chemical shift parameters for amines, carboxylic acids, and amino acids. Journal of Magnetic Resonance, 24,27.
- [14] Zimmerman, I. 1982. Determination of pKa values from solubility data. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 13(1), 57-65.
- [15] Horvath, C., Melander, W., Molnár, I. 1977. Liquid chromatography of ionogenic substances with nonpolar stationary phases (Solvophobic Theory of Reversed Phase Chromatography, Part II). Anal Chem 49(1), 142-154.
- [16] Chung, T.D., Kim, H. 2001. Voltammetric determination of the pKa of various acids in polar aprotic solvents using 1,4-benzoquinone. J Electroanalytical Chemistry 498(1-2), 209-215.
- [17] Tajc, S.G., Tolbert, B.S., Basavappa, R., Miller, B.L. 2004. Direct determination of thiol pKa by isothermal titration microcalorimetry. J Am Chem Soc 126(34), 10508-10509.
- [18] Fuguet, E., Ràfols, C., Bosch, E., Roses, M. 2009. Fast highthroughput method for the determination of acidity constants by capillary electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A, 1216(17), 3646-3651.
- [19] Rosenberg, L.S., Simons, J., Schulman, S.G. 1979. Determination of pKa values of N-heterocyclic bases by fluorescence spectrophotometry. Talanta 26(9), 867-871.
- [20] Katzin, L.I., Gulyas, E. 1960. Dissociation constants of tartaric acid with the aid of polarimetry. J Phys Chem. 64(11), 1739-1741.
- [21] Bunnett, J.F., Nudelman, N.S. 1969. Ndependent, Kinetic Method for Determining Acid Dissociation Constants in Methanol. Journal of Organic Chemistry 34(7), 2043-2046.
- [22] Tehan, B.G., Lloyd, E.J., Wong, M.G., Pitt. W.R., Montana, J.G. 2002. Estimation of pKa using semi empirical molecular orbital methods. Part 1: Application to phenols and carboxylic acids. QSAR 21(5), 457-472.
- [23] ter Laak, A.M., Tsai, R.S., Donne-Op den Kelder,
G.M., Carrupt, P.A., Testa, B., Timmerman, H. 1994. Lipophilicity and hydrogen-bonding capacity of H1-antihistaminic agents in relation to their central sedative side-effects. Eur. J. Pharm. Sci, 2, 373–384.
- [24] Popovic´, G., Cakar, M., Agbaba, D. 2009. Acid–base equilibria and solubility of loratadine and desloratadine in water and micellar media. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 49, 42–47.
Determination of Ionization Constants of Loratadine and Desloratadine by HPLC Method
Yıl 2019,
Cilt: 23 Sayı: 3, 963 - 969, 25.12.2019
Dilara Başat Dereli
,
Yasemin Tekin Kocabay
Öz
One of
the increasingly common diseases of the age is allergic rhinitis. In the
treatment of allergic rhinitis, primarily allergens and drug treatment are
used. Antihistamines are used to reduce the effect of allergens. Therefore, physicochemical parameters,
side effects and drug interactions such as solubility, biological activity,
absorption, lipophilic effects and ionization constants of these drugs have
been investigated in recent years. The ionization constant (pKa)
is the pH at which the ionized and non-ionized forms of a molecule are equal to
each other. pKa value affects the drug absorption. Because most of
the drugs are low water-soluble
molecules, water-organic solvent binary mixtures are used in the
determination of ionization constants. In this study, ionisation constant
values of loratadine and desloratadine in water-acetonitrile solvent were
determined by HPLC method. The pKa values obtained by using non
linear regression program (NLREG) were changed to aqueous pKa values
by means of Mole
fraction-pKa method and Yasuda-Shedlovsky extrapolation method. It
was observed that the data obtained were in harmony with the data calculated by
the computer program.
Proje Numarası
BEBAP 2018.05
Kaynakça
- [1] Anonim, 2015. Türkiye Ulusal Allerji ve Klinik İmmünoloji Derneği. http://www.aid.org.tr/tr/allerjik-hastaliklar-menusu/allerjik-rinit-allerjik-nezle.html (ErişimTarihi: 25.08.2016).
- [2] Bousquet, J., Van Cauwenberge, P., Khaltaev, N. 2001. Allergic rhinitis and its impact on asthma. Journal of allergy and clinical immunology, 108(5), 147-334.
- [3] Kaleli, E. 2010. Loratadin’den desloratadin sentezi ve polimorfik yapılarının incelenmesi. Gazi Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ankara.
- [4] Özluoğlu, L.N., Saydan, L., Kızılay, A., 1994. Antihistaminikler. KBB ve Baş Boyun Cerrahi Dergisi, 2(1), 71-74.
- [5] Anonim, 2003. tipedu.cumhuriyet.edu.tr/Donem3/.../Farmakoloji/.../HistaminveAntihistaminikler.doc (Erişim Tarihi: 25.08.2016).
- [6] Li, J.J., Johnson, D.S., Sliskovic, D.R., Roth, B.D. 2004. Contemporary drug synthesis. John Wiley & Sons. New Jersey, 221s.
- [7] Rossotti, J. C., Rossotti, H. 1961. The Determination of Stability Constants. McGraw-Hill. New York, 425s.
- [8] Paul, W.W., Lois, E.W. 1966. Spectrophotometric determination of the acid dissociation constants of 3-hydroxypyridine. Analytical Biochemistry, 15(3), 421-425.
- [9] Albert, A., Serjeant, E. P. 1971. The Determination Of Ionization Constants and Laboratory Manual. Chapman and Hall, 115s.
- [10] Benet, L.Z., Goyan, J.E. 1967. Potentiometric determination of dissociation constants. J Pharm Sci 56(6), 665-680.
- [11] Sixma, F. L. J., Wynberg, H. 1964. A Manual of Physical Methods in Organic Chemistry. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York, 342s.
- [12] Kroflic, A., Apelbla,t A., Bešter-Rogac, M. 2012. Dissociation constants of parabens and limiting conductance’s of their ions in water. J Phys Chem B. 116(4), 1385-1392.
- [13] Rabenstein, D.L., Sayer, T.L. 1976. Carbon-13 chemical shift parameters for amines, carboxylic acids, and amino acids. Journal of Magnetic Resonance, 24,27.
- [14] Zimmerman, I. 1982. Determination of pKa values from solubility data. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 13(1), 57-65.
- [15] Horvath, C., Melander, W., Molnár, I. 1977. Liquid chromatography of ionogenic substances with nonpolar stationary phases (Solvophobic Theory of Reversed Phase Chromatography, Part II). Anal Chem 49(1), 142-154.
- [16] Chung, T.D., Kim, H. 2001. Voltammetric determination of the pKa of various acids in polar aprotic solvents using 1,4-benzoquinone. J Electroanalytical Chemistry 498(1-2), 209-215.
- [17] Tajc, S.G., Tolbert, B.S., Basavappa, R., Miller, B.L. 2004. Direct determination of thiol pKa by isothermal titration microcalorimetry. J Am Chem Soc 126(34), 10508-10509.
- [18] Fuguet, E., Ràfols, C., Bosch, E., Roses, M. 2009. Fast highthroughput method for the determination of acidity constants by capillary electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A, 1216(17), 3646-3651.
- [19] Rosenberg, L.S., Simons, J., Schulman, S.G. 1979. Determination of pKa values of N-heterocyclic bases by fluorescence spectrophotometry. Talanta 26(9), 867-871.
- [20] Katzin, L.I., Gulyas, E. 1960. Dissociation constants of tartaric acid with the aid of polarimetry. J Phys Chem. 64(11), 1739-1741.
- [21] Bunnett, J.F., Nudelman, N.S. 1969. Ndependent, Kinetic Method for Determining Acid Dissociation Constants in Methanol. Journal of Organic Chemistry 34(7), 2043-2046.
- [22] Tehan, B.G., Lloyd, E.J., Wong, M.G., Pitt. W.R., Montana, J.G. 2002. Estimation of pKa using semi empirical molecular orbital methods. Part 1: Application to phenols and carboxylic acids. QSAR 21(5), 457-472.
- [23] ter Laak, A.M., Tsai, R.S., Donne-Op den Kelder,
G.M., Carrupt, P.A., Testa, B., Timmerman, H. 1994. Lipophilicity and hydrogen-bonding capacity of H1-antihistaminic agents in relation to their central sedative side-effects. Eur. J. Pharm. Sci, 2, 373–384.
- [24] Popovic´, G., Cakar, M., Agbaba, D. 2009. Acid–base equilibria and solubility of loratadine and desloratadine in water and micellar media. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 49, 42–47.