TV Uygulaması için Yüksek Frekans RFID Modüllerinin Farklı Şekil ve Geometrideki Antenler ile Performans Karşılaştırılması

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 24 Sayı: 3, 593 - 603, 25.12.2020

Heba Yüksel

https://doi.org/10.19113/sdufenbed.682004

Öz

Bu makalede, güvenli TV erişim uygulamaları için kullanılan 13.56MHz Radyo Frekansı Tanımlama (RFID) okuyucunun tasarımı incelenmektedir. Ayrıca, optimum operasyonel mükemmellik elde etmek için okuyucu antenlerinin farklı geometri ve boyutları arasındaki performans analizini sunar. Kare (4 döngü ve 6 döngü), dikdörtgen ve dairesel antenler olmak üzere, dört farklı geometrili ve boyutlu antenler tasarlanmış ve analiz edilmiştir. Optimum performansa ulaşmanın en iyi yolunu bulmak için, antenleri kazanç, okuma mesafesi ve maliyet performansları açısından, simülasyonları, hesaplamaları ve ölçümleri yapılıp, metaller ve akıllı kartların yakınlığı göz önünde bulundurularak, doğruluğu ve güvenilirliği karşılaştırarak yapılmıştır. Güvenli TV erişimi için tasarlanan okuyucunun pasif bir etiketle çalışması amaçlamaktadır. Dikdörtgen anten 13.56 MHz ile çalışırken, geri dönüş kaybı -27 dB olarak tespit edilmiştir. İstenen uygulamada, 6 döngülü kare anten ve dairesel anten optimum 13.56MHz frekanstan farklı çalışmaktadır. Bu sebeple ek test ve ayarlamalar, konusu geçen antenler için gereksiz ön görülmüştür. Bu tür TV uygulamaları için en iyi sonucunu ise, 4 döngülü kare anten kullanarak, 13.56MHz çalışma frekansında dönüş kaybı -30 dB olarak ölçerek tespit etmiş olduk. Ek olarak sistem performansını, metal yakınlıklarından ve akıllı kartlardan kaynaklanan kapasitif etkilerin ortaya çıkardığı problemlere karşı optimize etmek için; eşleştirme ve kapasitans ayarlamak gibi teknikler tartışılmış, sunulmuştur. Bu makale, RFID sistemlerinin performansını, metal ve akıllı kart etkileri ile farklı boyutlu ve geometrili antenleri karşılaştırmayı, en iyi anten geometrisini ortaya koyarak da literatürdeki boşluğu doldurmayı amaçlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

RFID Okuyucu, HF Antenler, Okuyucu Antenler, NFC

High Frequency RFID Module Design and Performance Comparison between Different Antenna Geometries for TV Applications

Öz

This paper examines the design of a 13.56 MHz Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) reader that is used in secure TV access applications. It also presents the performance analysis between different geometry and sizes of the reader’s antennas in order to achieve the optimum operational excellence. Four different antenna geometries and sizes are designed and analyzed; square (4 loop and 6 loop), rectangular, and circular antennas. In order to find the best way for achieving the optimum performance, simulations, calculations, and measurements have been implemented by comparing the antennas in terms of gain, read distance, and cost performances with the availability of proximity of metals and smart cards, considering accuracy and reliability. The reader design for secure TV access is aimed to work with a passive tag. The rectangular antenna operated at the 13.56 MHz of frequency level with a return loss of -27 dB. The 6 loop square antenna and circular antenna operated with frequencies different than the optimum frequency of 13.56 MHz for the desired application, so the adjustments and other tests were not necessary for such antennas. It has been observed that for such TV applications, the best performance in terms of read range and gain, is achieved for a read distance up to 5 cm using the 4 loop square antenna operating at the 13.56 MHz of frequency level with a return loss of -30 dB. Some enhancement techniques to optimize system performance against the capacitive effects of close proximity to metals and smart cards are also discussed like detuning the capacitor values in the matching circuit. This paper aims to fill the gap in literature in observing RFID systems’ performance with comparison of different size and geometry antennas by setting forth the best antenna geometry with metal and smart card effects.

Anahtar Kelimeler

RFID Reader, HF Antennas, Reader Antennas, NFC

Kaynakça

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