Exergetic Performance Analysis of HFO Based Refrigerants (R452A, R454C, R455A )

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 2, 245 - 254, 20.08.2021

Mehmet Altınkaynak

https://doi.org/10.19113/sdufenbed.809119

Öz

GWP (Global Warming Potential) and ODP (Ozone Depletion Potential) occupy an important place in global warming. This has led to the use of refrigerants with low GWP and ODP in cooling systems. Commonly used in cooling systems, R404A refrigerant has a very high GWP value despite having zero ODP. In this study, the exergetic performance analyses of the refrigerants, which may be alternative to R404A, in a theoretical cooling cycle were given comparatively. As an alternative to R404A refrigerant, R452A, R455A and R454C fluids are examined comparatively. COP and exergy destruction, for each refrigerant were examined separately and results were graphically analyzed. COP values of HFO group refrigerants were found as 2.472, 2.312, 2.632, 2.309 for R404A, R452A, R455A and R454C, respectively. In terms of exergy efficiency of HFO group refrigerants were found as 41.5%, 38.8%, 43.9%, 38.7% for R404A, R452A, R455A and R454C, respectively. As a result, thermodynamic properties, GWP and ODP values, energetic and external perspective; As an alternative to the R404A fluid, the best fluid selected is R455A, then R452A and R454C, respectively. The best choice for these alternative refrigerants in cooling systems is R455A.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Refrigerants, COP, R452A, R454C, R455A, HFO(Hydrofluoroolefin)

HFO Bazlı Soğutucu Akışkanların Ekserjetik Performans Analizi

Öz

GWP ve ODP, küresel ısınmada önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Bu, soğutma sistemlerinde düşük GWP ve ODP'ye sahip soğutucuların kullanılmasına yol açmıştır. Yaygın olarak soğutma sistemlerinde kullanılan R404A soğutucu, sıfır ODP'ye sahip olmasına rağmen çok yüksek bir GWP değerine sahiptir. Bu çalışmada teorik bir soğutma çevriminde R404A'ya alternatif olabilecek soğutucu akışkanların ekzerjetik performans analizleri karşılaştırmalı olarak verilmiştir. R404A soğutucu akışkanına alternatif olarak R452A, R455A ve R454C akışkanları karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenir. Her bir soğutucu için COP ve ekserji yıkımı ayrı ayrı incelendi ve sonuçlar grafiksel olarak analiz edildi. HFO grubu soğutucuların COP değerleri R404A, R452A, R455A ve R454C için sırasıyla 2.472, 2.312, 2.632, 2.309 olarak bulundu. HFO grubu soğutucu akışkanların ekserji verimi açısından sırasıyla; R404A, R452A, R455A ve R454C için sırasıyla% 41,5,% 38,8,% 43,9,% 38,7 olarak bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak termodinamik özellikler, GWP ve ODP değerleri, enerjik ve dış bakış açısı; R404A sıvısına alternatif olarak, seçilen en iyi sıvı sırasıyla R455A, ardından R452A ve R454C'dir. Soğutma sistemlerindeki bu alternatif akışkanlar için en iyi seçim R455A'dır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Soğutucu Akışkanlar, COP, R452A, R454C, R455A, HFO(Hidrofloroolefin)

Kaynakça

• [1] Lillo, G., Mastrullo, R., Mauro, W.A., Viscito, L. 2018. Flow boiling data of R452A. Energy Procedia, 1034-1041.
• [2] Honeywell Refrigerants https://www.honeywell-refrigerants.com/europe/product/solstice-452a/ (Access Date:05.01.2020)
• [3] American Society of Heating. Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, 2013. ASHRAE Standard 34 Designation and Safety Classification of Refrigerants.
• [4] Miranda, C.J.M., 2018. Futuro De Los Gases Refrigerantes En Trenes De Renfe Trabajo Fin De Master. Master Universitario En Sistemas Ferroviarios.
• [5] Miyara, A., 2018. Developments of Next Generation Refrigerants and Heat Transfer. International Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Conference, 204, Malang, Indonesia, 6-12
• [6] Makhnatch, P., Mota-Babiloni, A., Khodabandeh, R., Haro-Ortuno, J., 2018f. Characteristics of R454C and R455A as R404A Alternatives in Commercial Refrigeration. 5th IIR Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain, Beijing,China. 547-553.
• [7] Azzolin M., Berto A., Bortolin S., Del Col D., 2017. Condensation Heat Tranfer of Non-Azeotropic Mixtures Inside Channels. 13th International Conference on Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics, Portoroz, Slovenia. 152-157.
• [8] Honeywell Refrigerants https://www.honeywell-refrigerants.com/europe/product/solstice-l40x (Access Date:05.01.2020)
• [9] Azzolin M., Berto A., Bortolin S., Del Col D., 2018. Vaporization of Binary and Ternary Non-Azeotropic Mixtures Inside Channels. 16th International Conference on Heat Transfer, Beijing, China. 1450-1462.
• [10] Zgliczynski, M., Sedliak, J., 2018. Thermal Profile Of A Reciprocating Compressor Using Low GWP Refrigerants. 24th International Compressor Engineering Conference. Indiana, .USA.1699-1704.
• [11] Klein, S. A., Engineering Equation Solver, version 9.022-3D, F-Chart Software, 2011
• [12] fchart http://fchart.com/ees/eeshelp/fluid_property_information.htm (Access Date:10.02.2020)
• [13] Maknatch, P, Khodabandeh, R. 2015. Evalution of cycle performance of R448A and R449A as R404A replacements in supermarket refrigeration system. Proceedings of the 24th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration, August 16-22 Yokohama, Japan.
• [14] Sethi, A. Pottker, G. M.S., Y. 2016. Experimental evaluation and field trial of low global warming potential R404A replacements for commercial refrigeration. Science and Technology for the Built Environment, 22(8), 1175-1184.
• [15] Minor, B.H., Shah, S., Simoni, L, 2016. Testing of HFO Refrigerant with Less Than 150 GWP in a Commercial Freezer, 16thInternational Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Conference, Purdue, United States of America. 1729.
• [16] G, Li, 2017. Comprehensive investigation of transport refrigeration life cycle climate performance.Sustainable. Energy Technologies and Assessments,21, .33-49
• [17] Babiloni, A.M., Ortuño, J.H., Esbrí, J.N., Cervera ,Á.B., 2018. Experimental drop-in replacement of R404A for warm countries using the low GWP mixtures R454C and R455A. International Journal of Refrigeration, 91, 136–145.
• [18] American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers. 2016. ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34, designation and safety classification of refrigerants.
• [19] BITZER Kühlsmaschienbau GmbH (https://www.bitzer. de/shared_media/documentation/a-501-19.pdf)
• [20] Anta, D.C., 2018. Estudio De Refrigerantes Alternativos Al R404A Para Aplicaciones De Refrigeración Comercial. Trabajo Final De Grado. Universitat Jaume. Costellon, Valencia.
• [21] Sedliak J., 2015a. Compressor Calorimeter Test of Refrigerant Blend DR3 in a R-404A Reciprocating Compressor. Air-Conditioning, Heating, and Refrigeration Institute (AHRI) low-gwp alternative refrigerants evaluation program (Low-GWP AREP).
• [22] Sedliak J., 2015b. Compressor Calorimeter Test of Refrigerant Blend HDR110 in a R-404A Reciprocating Compressor. Air-Conditioning, Heating, and Refrigeration Institute (AHRI) Low-GWP Alternative Refrigerants Evaluation Program (Low-GWP AREP).
• [23] Llopis, R., Anta, D.C., Sánchez, D., Andrés, L.N., Gil, J.C., Cabello, R., 2019. R-454C, R-459B, R-457A and R-455A as low-GWP replacements of R-404A Experimental evaluation and optimization. International Journal of Refrigeration, (106) pp.133–143.
• [24] Bella, B., Pham, H., Rajendran, R., (2018). Sustainable refrigerants for comfort and refrigeration. In: Proceedings of the 1st IIR International Conference on the Application of HFO Refrigerants, Birmingham, UK.