Öz
Migration has been an endemic phenomenon throughout human history. If their
progression among the priorities of the political agenda of Developed countries seems
inexorable, their progression among the priorities of political philosophy is on the
other hand slower. The idea of citizenship, that is to say the right to belong to the city,
to participate in decisions relating to the political community made up of each of the
individuals who compose it, is at the heart of this conception. This article will explore
citizenship by investment as one of the most recent and most controversial mode of
all. With Turkey as an example, a comparative study on how different countries offer
their citizenship by investment or provision of special financial assets through the procedure of naturalization, will be established.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Citizenship by Investment (CBI) Modes of Citizenship Financial Asset Naturalization Migration
Kaynakça
- Act No. 5901, Turkish Citizenship Law. Official Gazette, 2009-06-12, No. 27256
- Alison Millington, 23 countries where money can buy you a second passport or 'elite residency', Business Insider, Dec 27, 2018, https://www.businessinsider.com/countries-where-you-can-buy-citizenship-residency-or-passport-2018-9?r=US&IR=T accessed 19 October 2021.
- Belgin ÖZDILMEN GÜRHAN, L’acquisition De La Nationalité Turque Par Investissement, Village de la Justice,12 November 2019, https://www.village-justice.com/articles/acquisition-nationalite-turque-par-investissement,32901.html accessed 18 October 2021
- Bronwen Manby, Les lois sur la nationalité en Afrique : Une étude comparée, Open Society Institute, New York, 2009, pp. 2,3 Coppin, Addington. “Trade And Investment in The Caribbean Basin Since The CBI.” Social and Economic Studies 41, no. 1 (1992): 21–43. https://www.jstor.org/stable/27865052 Accessed 25 October 2021
- Craigwell, R., Foreign Direct Investment and Employment in the English- and Dutch-speaking Caribbean Port of Spain, International Labour Office, 2006, p.3-4 Dilara Tamtürk, Türk Vatandaşlığının Yatırım Yoluyla Kazanılması, ADMD Avukatlık Bürosu, https://www.mondaq.com/pdf/clients/864916.pdf accessed 24 October 2021.
- European Commission, Investor Citizenship and Residence Schemes in the European Union, Brussels, 23.1.2019, p. 4 https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/default/files/com_2019_12_final_report.pdf accessed 14 October 2021
- Evaluation according to European Commission's regulatory fitness and performance (REFIT) programme: https://ec.europa.eu/home-affairs/what-we-do/policies/legalmigration/fitness-check_en GLOBALCIT, Global Database on Modes of Acquisition of Citizenship, 2017, version 1.0. San Domenico di Fiesole: Global Citizenship Observatory / Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies / European University Institute. Online at https://globalcit.eu/acquisition-citizenship/ accessed 12 October 2021
- Henley & Partners, Passport Index, 2020, https://www.henleyglobal.com/passport-index accessed 15 October 2021.
- Herman R. Van Gunsteren, Admission to Citizenship, Ethics, vol. 98, no 4, 1988, p. 736-737. Ishaan Tharoor, Haiti’s fate is intertwined with the U.S., The Washington Post, 8 July 2021. https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2021/07/08/haiti-fate-america/ Accessed 25 October 2021
- J. H. Carens, Membership and Morality: Admission to Citizenship in Liberal Democratic States, in Rogers Brubaker (ed.), “Immigration and the Politics of Citizenship in Europe and North America”, Lanham, University Press of America, 1989, p. 31-49.
- Laura Jaitman and Stephen Machin, “Crime and violence in Latin America and the Caribbean: towards evidence-based policies”, CentrePiece Winter 2015/16, p.2-5. Report by the Government of the Commonwealth of Dominica, Post-Disaster Needs Assessment Hurricane Maria, November 15, 2017, p. 26,
- https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/dominica-pdna-maria.pdf accessed 25 October 2021.
- Robert Sloane, Breaking the Genuine Link: The Contemporary International Legal Regulation of Nationality, 50 Harvard International Law Journal 1 (2009). https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/229122383.pdf accessed 14 October 2021
- Rory Miller, British Investment in Latin America, 1850–1950 A Reappraisal, 19 ITINERARIO, 21–52 (1995)
- Stuart White, The Civic Minimum: On the Rights and Obligations of Economic Citizenship, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2003, chap. 4. X, Portugal Not Only Refuses to Abolish the Golden Visa Scheme But Also Expands It With ‘Green Visas, January 14, 2019, online at https://www.schengenvisainfo.com/news/portugal-not-only-refuses-to-abolish-the-golden-visa-scheme-but-also-expands-it-with-green-visas/ Accessed 12 October 2021
- Yabancıların taşınmaz ediniminde değerleme kapsamında 15.02.2019 tarihli 1795 sayılı Tapu ve Kadastro Müdürlüğü Genelgesi.
Öz
Göç, insanlık tarihi boyunca endemik bir olgu olmuştur. Gelişmiş ülkelerin siyasi
gündeminin öncelikleri arasında ilerlemeleri amansız görünüyorsa, siyaset felsefesinin
öncelikleri arasında ilerlemeleri daha yavaştır. Vatandaşlık fikri, yani şehre ait olma,
onu oluşturan bireylerin her birinden oluşan siyasi topluluğa ilişkin kararlara katılma
hakkı bu anlayışın merkezinde yer alır. Bu makale, yatırım yoluyla vatandaşlığı, en yeni
ve en tartışmalı modlardan biri olarak inceleyecektir. Örnek olarak Türkiye ile, farklı
ülkelerin vatandaşlıklarını yatırım yoluyla veya özel finansal varlıkların vatandaşlığa
kabul prosedürü yoluyla nasıl sundukları konusunda karşılaştırmalı bir çalışma
oluşturulacaktır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Yatırım Yoluyla Vatandaşlık (CBI) Vatandaşlık Şekilleri Finansal Varlık Vatandaşlığa Alma Göç
Kaynakça
- Act No. 5901, Turkish Citizenship Law. Official Gazette, 2009-06-12, No. 27256
- Alison Millington, 23 countries where money can buy you a second passport or 'elite residency', Business Insider, Dec 27, 2018, https://www.businessinsider.com/countries-where-you-can-buy-citizenship-residency-or-passport-2018-9?r=US&IR=T accessed 19 October 2021.
- Belgin ÖZDILMEN GÜRHAN, L’acquisition De La Nationalité Turque Par Investissement, Village de la Justice,12 November 2019, https://www.village-justice.com/articles/acquisition-nationalite-turque-par-investissement,32901.html accessed 18 October 2021
- Bronwen Manby, Les lois sur la nationalité en Afrique : Une étude comparée, Open Society Institute, New York, 2009, pp. 2,3 Coppin, Addington. “Trade And Investment in The Caribbean Basin Since The CBI.” Social and Economic Studies 41, no. 1 (1992): 21–43. https://www.jstor.org/stable/27865052 Accessed 25 October 2021
- Craigwell, R., Foreign Direct Investment and Employment in the English- and Dutch-speaking Caribbean Port of Spain, International Labour Office, 2006, p.3-4 Dilara Tamtürk, Türk Vatandaşlığının Yatırım Yoluyla Kazanılması, ADMD Avukatlık Bürosu, https://www.mondaq.com/pdf/clients/864916.pdf accessed 24 October 2021.
- European Commission, Investor Citizenship and Residence Schemes in the European Union, Brussels, 23.1.2019, p. 4 https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/default/files/com_2019_12_final_report.pdf accessed 14 October 2021
- Evaluation according to European Commission's regulatory fitness and performance (REFIT) programme: https://ec.europa.eu/home-affairs/what-we-do/policies/legalmigration/fitness-check_en GLOBALCIT, Global Database on Modes of Acquisition of Citizenship, 2017, version 1.0. San Domenico di Fiesole: Global Citizenship Observatory / Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies / European University Institute. Online at https://globalcit.eu/acquisition-citizenship/ accessed 12 October 2021
- Henley & Partners, Passport Index, 2020, https://www.henleyglobal.com/passport-index accessed 15 October 2021.
- Herman R. Van Gunsteren, Admission to Citizenship, Ethics, vol. 98, no 4, 1988, p. 736-737. Ishaan Tharoor, Haiti’s fate is intertwined with the U.S., The Washington Post, 8 July 2021. https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2021/07/08/haiti-fate-america/ Accessed 25 October 2021
- J. H. Carens, Membership and Morality: Admission to Citizenship in Liberal Democratic States, in Rogers Brubaker (ed.), “Immigration and the Politics of Citizenship in Europe and North America”, Lanham, University Press of America, 1989, p. 31-49.
- Laura Jaitman and Stephen Machin, “Crime and violence in Latin America and the Caribbean: towards evidence-based policies”, CentrePiece Winter 2015/16, p.2-5. Report by the Government of the Commonwealth of Dominica, Post-Disaster Needs Assessment Hurricane Maria, November 15, 2017, p. 26,
- https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/dominica-pdna-maria.pdf accessed 25 October 2021.
- Robert Sloane, Breaking the Genuine Link: The Contemporary International Legal Regulation of Nationality, 50 Harvard International Law Journal 1 (2009). https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/229122383.pdf accessed 14 October 2021
- Rory Miller, British Investment in Latin America, 1850–1950 A Reappraisal, 19 ITINERARIO, 21–52 (1995)
- Stuart White, The Civic Minimum: On the Rights and Obligations of Economic Citizenship, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2003, chap. 4. X, Portugal Not Only Refuses to Abolish the Golden Visa Scheme But Also Expands It With ‘Green Visas, January 14, 2019, online at https://www.schengenvisainfo.com/news/portugal-not-only-refuses-to-abolish-the-golden-visa-scheme-but-also-expands-it-with-green-visas/ Accessed 12 October 2021
- Yabancıların taşınmaz ediniminde değerleme kapsamında 15.02.2019 tarihli 1795 sayılı Tapu ve Kadastro Müdürlüğü Genelgesi.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Hukuk |
| Bölüm | KAMU HUKUKU |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 29 Aralık 2021 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2021 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2 |
