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Sağlık Hizmetlerinde Maliyet Etkililik Analizi

Yıl 2014, Cilt: 19 Sayı: 2, 211 - 236, 01.06.2014

  öğr.gör.dr.vahit Yiğit Doç.dr.ramazan Erdem

Öz

Nowadays, health expenditures increase rapidly all over the World. However resources have allocated for delivery of health care are limited. Cost-effectiveness analysis is used as a important decision making tool to be allocated the limited health care resources to right health programme. Now in many countries, repaymetns of new medications, treatment method and medical equipment must be determined go by the economic evaluations of costs and benefits. The aim of this paper is to create a conceptual framework of procedures to follow on the health care economic evaluations. In consequences, a comprehensive theoretical framework is created with using application samples of perspective on cost-effectiveness, determining the cost, detecting the cost-effectiveness ratio, time frame, reduction, sensitivity analysis, budget impact analysis and Markoy model

Anahtar Kelimeler

-

Kaynakça

  • ACAR, A. YEĞENOĞLU, S. (2006). Sağlık Ekonomisi Perspektifinden Farmakoekonomi. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eczacılık Fakültesi Dergisi, 26(1): 39-55.
  • AĞIRBAġ, Ġ. (1997). Sağlık Hizmetlerinde Ekonomik Değerlendirme, Sağlık Ekonomisi ve Sağlık Yönetimi, Editör: CoĢkun Can Aktan, Ulvi Saran, Ġdil Matbaacılık, Ġstanbul.
  • AĞIRBAġ, Ġ. (1999). Sağlık Hizmetlerinde Ekonomik Değerlendirme Teknikleri ve TCDD Ankara Hastanesinde Prostat Vakalarının Ġncelenmesi Yoluyla Maliyet Etkililik Analizi Uygulaması, YayınlanmamıĢ Doktora Tezi, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • ALP, S. (2007). Türkiye’de Eğitim Sürecinin Markov GeçiĢ Modeli, 8. Türkiye Ekonometri ve Ġstatistik Kongresi, Mayıs, 2007, Malatya.
  • ANELL, A. (2004). “Priority Setting For Pharmaceuticals: The Use of Health Economic Evidence By Reimbursement And Clinical Guidance Committees” The European Journal of Health Economics, 5(1): 28- 35.
  • ANNEMANS, L. (2008). Ekonomist Olmayanlar için Sağlık Ekonomisi, Academia Press.
  • AOKI, N., T. KAJIYAMA, J. R. BECK, R. et al. (2000). "Decision Analysis of Prophylactic Treatment For Patients With High-Risk Esophageal Varices." Gastrointest Endosc, 52(6): 707-714 (2000/12/15)
  • ARMAN, D. (2007). Farmakoekonomi: Nerede, Nasıl?, Ankem Dergisi, 2007; 21(Ek2):138-140.
  • ATIġ, S., KANIK, A., ÖZGÜR, E. S., VD. (2009), Koah Hastalarının Progresyonlarını Ne Ölçüde Tahmin Edebiliriz?.Tüberküloz ve Toraks Dergisi, 57(3): 289-297
  • BALÇIK, P.Y. (2013). Türkiye’de Ġleri Evre Küçük Hücreli dıĢı Akciğer Kanserinde Pemetrexed ve Gemcitabine Tedavilerinin Maliyet Etkililik Analizi, H.Ü. Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Sağlık Kurumları Yöntemi Anabilim Dalı, Ankara
  • BAROTFI, S., MOLNAR, M. Z., ALMASI, C., ET AL.. (2006). Validation of the Kidney Disease Quality of Life-Short Form Questionnaire in Kidney Transplant Patients. Journal of psychosomatic research, 60(5), 495.
  • BECK J. PAUKER S. (1983). The Markov Process in Medical Prognosis, Medical Decision Making 3 (1983) 419-58.
  • BEYHUN, N. E. ÇĠLĠNGĠROĞLU N. (2004). "Hastalık Maliyeti ve Astım." Tüberküloz ve Toraks Dergisi 52.4 (2004): 386-392.
  • BRAVERMAN, J. (2010). Health Economics, Pharmacy Business Administration Series, Fırst Edition, Pharmaceutical Press, London.
  • BRENNAN, A. AKEHURST, R. (2000). Modelling in Health Economic Evaluation. What Is Its Place? What Is Its Value?. Pharmacoeconomics, 17(5): 445-459. BRIGGS A. FENN P. (1998). Confidence Intervals or Surfaces? Uncertainty on the CostEffectiveness Plane. Health Economics 7: 723-740.
  • BRIGGS, A. AND M. SCULPHER (1998). "An Introduction To Markov Modelling For Economic Evaluation." Pharmacoeconomics 13(4): 397-409 (1998/03/08)
  • BRIGGS, A. H., CLAXTON, K.,SCULPHER, M. J. (2006). Decision Modelling For Health Economic Evaluation. Oxford University Press.
  • BRIGGS, A. H., WONDERLĠNG, D. E., MOONEY, C. Z. (1997). Pulling Cost‐Effectiveness Analysis Up By Its Bootstraps: A Non‐Parametric Approach To Confidence Interval Estimation. Health Economics, 6(4): 327-340.
  • BRIGGS, A., SCULPHER, M., BUXTON, M. (1994). Uncertainty in The Economic Evaluation of Health Care Technologies: The Role of Sensitivity Analysis. Health Economics, 3(2): 95-104.
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SAĞLIK HİZMETLERİNDE MALİYET ETKİLİLİK ANALİZİ

Yıl 2014, Cilt: 19 Sayı: 2, 211 - 236, 01.06.2014

  öğr.gör.dr.vahit Yiğit Doç.dr.ramazan Erdem

Öz

Günümüzde tüm dünyada sağlık harcamaları hızlı bir şekilde artmaktadır. Ancak sağlık hizmeti sunumu için ayrılan kaynaklar sınırlıdır. Maliyet-etkililik analizi sağlık hizmetlerine ayrılan sınırlı kaynakların doğru sağlık pogromlara tahsis edilmesinde önemli bir karar verme aracı olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Artık pek çok ülkede yeni ilaçların, tedavi yöntemlerinin ve tıbbi malzemenin geri ödeme kararlarında maliyet ve faydalarının ekonomik değerlendirme yöntemlerine göre tespit edilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu makalenin amacı, sağlık hizmetlerinin ekonomik değerlendirilmesinde izlenecek aşamaların kavramsal çerçevesini oluşturmaktır. Bu nedenle ekonomik değerlendirme yöntemlerinden maliyet etkililik analizinde perspektif, programın maliyetinin belirlenmesi, maliyet etkililik oranının tespit edilmesi, zaman dilimi, indirgeme, duyarlılık analizi, bütçe etki analizi ve markov modeli ile ilgili uygulama örnekleri verilerek kapsamlı bir teorik çerçeve oluşturulmuştur

Anahtar Kelimeler

Maliyet Etkililik Analizi Sağlık Ekonomik Değerlendirme

Kaynakça

  • ACAR, A. YEĞENOĞLU, S. (2006). Sağlık Ekonomisi Perspektifinden Farmakoekonomi. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eczacılık Fakültesi Dergisi, 26(1): 39-55.
  • AĞIRBAġ, Ġ. (1997). Sağlık Hizmetlerinde Ekonomik Değerlendirme, Sağlık Ekonomisi ve Sağlık Yönetimi, Editör: CoĢkun Can Aktan, Ulvi Saran, Ġdil Matbaacılık, Ġstanbul.
  • AĞIRBAġ, Ġ. (1999). Sağlık Hizmetlerinde Ekonomik Değerlendirme Teknikleri ve TCDD Ankara Hastanesinde Prostat Vakalarının Ġncelenmesi Yoluyla Maliyet Etkililik Analizi Uygulaması, YayınlanmamıĢ Doktora Tezi, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • ALP, S. (2007). Türkiye’de Eğitim Sürecinin Markov GeçiĢ Modeli, 8. Türkiye Ekonometri ve Ġstatistik Kongresi, Mayıs, 2007, Malatya.
  • ANELL, A. (2004). “Priority Setting For Pharmaceuticals: The Use of Health Economic Evidence By Reimbursement And Clinical Guidance Committees” The European Journal of Health Economics, 5(1): 28- 35.
  • ANNEMANS, L. (2008). Ekonomist Olmayanlar için Sağlık Ekonomisi, Academia Press.
  • AOKI, N., T. KAJIYAMA, J. R. BECK, R. et al. (2000). "Decision Analysis of Prophylactic Treatment For Patients With High-Risk Esophageal Varices." Gastrointest Endosc, 52(6): 707-714 (2000/12/15)
  • ARMAN, D. (2007). Farmakoekonomi: Nerede, Nasıl?, Ankem Dergisi, 2007; 21(Ek2):138-140.
  • ATIġ, S., KANIK, A., ÖZGÜR, E. S., VD. (2009), Koah Hastalarının Progresyonlarını Ne Ölçüde Tahmin Edebiliriz?.Tüberküloz ve Toraks Dergisi, 57(3): 289-297
  • BALÇIK, P.Y. (2013). Türkiye’de Ġleri Evre Küçük Hücreli dıĢı Akciğer Kanserinde Pemetrexed ve Gemcitabine Tedavilerinin Maliyet Etkililik Analizi, H.Ü. Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Sağlık Kurumları Yöntemi Anabilim Dalı, Ankara
  • BAROTFI, S., MOLNAR, M. Z., ALMASI, C., ET AL.. (2006). Validation of the Kidney Disease Quality of Life-Short Form Questionnaire in Kidney Transplant Patients. Journal of psychosomatic research, 60(5), 495.
  • BECK J. PAUKER S. (1983). The Markov Process in Medical Prognosis, Medical Decision Making 3 (1983) 419-58.
  • BEYHUN, N. E. ÇĠLĠNGĠROĞLU N. (2004). "Hastalık Maliyeti ve Astım." Tüberküloz ve Toraks Dergisi 52.4 (2004): 386-392.
  • BRAVERMAN, J. (2010). Health Economics, Pharmacy Business Administration Series, Fırst Edition, Pharmaceutical Press, London.
  • BRENNAN, A. AKEHURST, R. (2000). Modelling in Health Economic Evaluation. What Is Its Place? What Is Its Value?. Pharmacoeconomics, 17(5): 445-459. BRIGGS A. FENN P. (1998). Confidence Intervals or Surfaces? Uncertainty on the CostEffectiveness Plane. Health Economics 7: 723-740.
  • BRIGGS, A. AND M. SCULPHER (1998). "An Introduction To Markov Modelling For Economic Evaluation." Pharmacoeconomics 13(4): 397-409 (1998/03/08)
  • BRIGGS, A. H., CLAXTON, K.,SCULPHER, M. J. (2006). Decision Modelling For Health Economic Evaluation. Oxford University Press.
  • BRIGGS, A. H., WONDERLĠNG, D. E., MOONEY, C. Z. (1997). Pulling Cost‐Effectiveness Analysis Up By Its Bootstraps: A Non‐Parametric Approach To Confidence Interval Estimation. Health Economics, 6(4): 327-340.
  • BRIGGS, A., SCULPHER, M., BUXTON, M. (1994). Uncertainty in The Economic Evaluation of Health Care Technologies: The Role of Sensitivity Analysis. Health Economics, 3(2): 95-104.
  • BUHARLI, C. (2008). Türkiye’de ve Dünyada Sağlık Ekonomisi, http://www.deloitte.com/, 01/8/2013
  • BURROWS, C., BROWN, K. (1993). QALYs For Resource Allocation: Probably Not and Certainly Not Now. Australian Journal of Public Health, 17(3): 278-286.
  • BÜYÜKMĠRZA, K. (2003). Maliyet Ve Yönetim Muhasebesi, Gazi Kitapevi, Ankara
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  • ÇĠLĠNGĠROĞLU N. (1997). Sağlık Ekonomisi, Bertan M, Güler Ç (editörler). Halk Sağlığı Temel Bilgiler. GüneĢ Kitabevi, 1997: 389-421. Ankara.
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  • DRUMMOND M.F. MCGUĠRE A. (2001). Economic Evaluation in Health Care- Mergin Theory With Practice; Oxford Press. DRUMMOND, M. (2004). Economic Evaluation in Health Care: Is It Really Useful Or Are We Just Kidding Ourselves?. Australian Economic Review, 37(1): 3-11.
  • DRUMMOND, M. F., AGUĠAR-IBANEZ, R., NĠXON, J. (2006). Economic Evaluation. Singapore Medical Journal, 47(6): 456-462.
  • DRUMMOND, M.F., SCULPHER, M.S., TORRANCE. et al., (2005). Methods For The Economic Evaluation of Health Care Programs. Oxford University Press, Third Edition, United States.
  • FERGUSON, N. D., SCALES, D. C., PĠNTO, R., et al. (2013). Integrating Mortality and Morbidity Outcomes: Using Quality-Adjusted Life Years in Critical Care Trials. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 187(3): 256-261.
  • FĠDAN D. (2004). Maliyet Yararlanım Analizleri Ve Sağlıkla Ġlgili YaĢam Kalitesi, Birinci Ulusal Sağlıkta YaĢam Kallitesi Sempozyumu, Ġzmir.
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  • HIFZISSIHHA BAġKANLIĞI (2004). Ulusal Hastalık Yükü ve Maliyet-Etkililik Projesi Hastalık Yükü, BaĢkent Üniversitesi, Final Rapor. Aralık-2004, Ankara.
  • HIRTH, R. A., CHERNEW, M. E., MĠLLER, et al. (2000), Willingness To Pay For A Quality-Adjusted Life Year in Search of A Standard. Medical Decision Making, 20(3): 332-342.
  • HOCH, J.S., DEWA,C.S. (2005). Introduction To Economic Evaluation: What’s in A Name? J Psychiatry, Vol 50, No 3, March. http://www.share-pdf.com/0d0f140e9b9d4990a44fa968ae5c7978/HEALTH%20 ECONOMICS%20-%20Group%2012.htm, Cost utility analysis oftransplantation versus dialysis in elderly patients in the UK, 10.08.2013.
  • JOHANNESSON, M., JÖNSSON, B. (1991). Economic Evaluation in Health Care: Is There A Role For Cost-Benefit Analysis?. Health Policy, 17(1): 1-23.
  • JOHANNESSON, M., JÖNSSON, B. ve KARLSSON, G. (1996). Outcome Measurement in Economic Evaluation. Health Economics, 5(4): 279-296.
  • JOHNS, B., BALTUSSEN, R. ve HUTUBESSY, R. (2003). Programme Costs in The Economic Evaluation of Health Interventions. Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation, 1(1), 1.
  • KARLBERG, I. ve NYBERG, G. (1995). Cost-Effectiveness Studies of Renal Transplantation. International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care, 11(03): 611-622.
  • KELLY, T. (1997). “Public Expenditures and Growth”, Journal of Development Studies, 34(1): 60–84.
  • KENKEL, D. (1997). On Valuing Morbidity, Cost-Effectiveness Analysis, and Being Rude. Journal of Health Economics, 16(6): 749-757.
  • KERNICK D. MCDONALD R. (2002). Getting Health Economics into Practise, Edited by David Kernick, Radclife medical Press, United Kingdom.
  • KERNICK, D. (2002). Getting Health Economics into Practise, Edited by David Kernick, Radclife medical Press, United Kingdom.
  • KLARMAN, H. E., ROSENTHAL, G. D. (1968). Cost Effectiveness Analysis Applied To The Treatment of Chronic Renal Disease. Medical Care, 6(1): 48-54.
  • KURTULMUġ, S. (1998). Sağlık Ekonomisi Ve Hastane Yönetimi, TimaĢ Yayınları, Ġstanbul.
  • LILJAS, B. (1998). How To Calculate Indirect Costs in Economic Evaluations. Pharmacoeconomics, 13(1): 1-7.
  • LIU, F. X., LEIPOLD, R., ARĠCĠ, M., FAROOQUI, U. (2013). Budget Impact Analysıs of Perıtoneal Dıalysıs Vs. Conventıonal in-Center Hemodıalysıs in The Unıted Kıngdom. in Nephrology Dıalysıs Transplantatıon (Vol. 28, Pp. 215-215). Great Clarendon St, Oxford Ox2 6dp, England: Oxford Unıv Press.
  • LUDBROOK, A. (1981). A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of The Treatment of Chronic Renal Failure. Applied Economics, 13(3): 337-350.
  • MALHAN, S. (2003). QALYs YaklaĢımı Ġle KırĢehir'de YaĢayan Toplumun Genel Sağlık Durumunun Tespiti Ve Sağlık ĠĢletmelerine Yansıması, Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, ĠĢletme Anabilim Dalı, Doktora tezi, Ankara
  • MALHAN, S. (2008). Bütçe Etkisi Analizi Ġçin Ġyi Uygulama Prensipleri, Türkiye Akılcı Ġlaç Kullanım Platformu, http://klinikfarmakoloji.com/index.php?, 04.8.2013.
  • MCGUIRE, A (2001). Economic Evaluation in Health Care: Merging Theory With Practice, Drummond, M. F., MacGuire, A. (Eds.). Oxford University Press.
  • MITTON, C. R. (2002). “Priority Setting For Decision Makers: Using Health Economics in Practice”, The European Journal of Health Economics, 3(4): 240-243.
  • MITTON, C. ve DONALDSON, C. (2004). Priority Setting Toolkit: A Guide To The Use of Economics in Healthcare Decision Making, BMJ Publishing Group, London
  • MUENNIG, P. (2008). Cost Effectıveness Analyses in Health A Practical Approach, Second Edition, Published By Jossey-Bass.
  • MUENNIG, P., K. KHAN (2002). Designing and Conducting Cost-Effectiveness Analyses in Medicine And Health Care, Published By Jossey-Bass.
  • MURRAY KRAHN, M.S.C. ve GAFNĠ, A. (1993). Discounting in The Economic Evaluation of Health Care Interventions. Medical Care, 31(5): 403-418.
  • NETTEN, A., KERNĠCK, D. (2002). Getting Health Economics into Practise, Edited by David Kernick, Radclife medical Press, United Kingdom.
  • ONUR, E. (2008). Farklı Karar Vericilere Göre Renal Arter Darlığı Tanısında BedelEtkinlik Analizi, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Radyoloji Anabilim Dalı, Ġzmir.
  • ÖKSÜZ, E., MALHAN, S. (2005). Sağlığa Bağlı YaĢam Kalitesi: Kalitemetri, BaĢkent Üniversitesi Yayınları, Ankara
  • ÖZGEN, H.,TATAR, M. (2007). Sağlık Sektöründe Bir Verimlilik Değerlendirme Tekniği Olarak Maliyet-Etkililik Analizi Ve Türkiye’de Durum. Hacettepe Sağlık Ġdaresi Dergisi, 10(2): 109-137.
  • PATRICK, D.L. ve DEYO, R. A. (1989). Generic and Disease-Specific Measures in Assessing Health Status and Quality of Life. Medical Care, S217-S232.
  • PETITTI, D. B (2000). Meta-Analysis, Decision Analysis, and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis, Methods for Quantitative Synthesis in Medicine, Second Edıtıon, Oxford Unıversıty Press. New York Oxford.
  • PHILLIPS, C.J. (2005). Health Economics: An Introduction For Health Professionals, Blackwell Publishing Ltd, USA.
  • PLEVRITIS, S. K. (2005). Decision Analysis and Simulation Modeling For Evaluating Diagnostic Tests On The Basis of Patient Outcomes. American Journal of Roentgenology, 185(3): 581-590.
  • POLACHEK, S. W. (1981). Occupational Self-Selection: A Human Capital Approach To Sex Differences in Occupational Structure. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 63(1): 60-69.
  • ROBINSON, R. (1993a). Economic Evaluation and Health Care. British Medical Journal, 307, 924-6.
  • ROBINSON, R. (1993b). Economic Evaluation and Health Care. What Does It Mean?. British Medical Journal, 307(6905). 670.
  • RODERICK, P., DAVĠES, R., JONES, C., et al.(2004). Simulation Model of Renal Replacement Therapy: Predicting Future Demand in England. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, 19(3): 692-701
  • RODINA, A., BLIZNAKOVA, K. ve PALLIKARAKIS, N. (2010). End Stage Renal Disease Patients’ Projections Using Markov Chain Monte Carlo Simulation. in XII Mediterranean Conference On Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing 2010 (Pp. 796-799). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
  • RODINA-THEOCHARAKI, A., BLIZNAKOVA, K. ve PALLIKARAKIS, N. (2012). Markov Chain Monte Carlo Simulation For Projection of End Stage Renal Disease Patients in Greece. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine, 107(1): 90- 96.
  • RUSHBY, J.F. ve CAIRNS, J. (2005). Economic Evaluation, Understandıng Publıc Health, Open University Press.
  • RUSHBY, J.F. ve FĠDAN D. (2005). Economic Evaluation, Understandıng Publıc Health, Open University Press.
  • RUSSELL, L. B., GOLD, M. R., SIEGEL, J. E., et al.(1996). The Role of CostEffectiveness Analysis in Health and Medicine. JAMA: The Journal of The American Medical Association, 276(14): 1172-1177.
  • SABIK, L.M., LIE, R.K. (2008). International Journal For Equity in Health. International Journal For Equity in Health, 7, 4.
  • SAKA, Ö., FĠDAN, D. ve YILDIRIM H.H. (2006). YaĢam Kalitesi Ölçütlerinin Sağlık Ekonomisinde Kullanımı, Sağlıkta Birikim, 1(2): 14-20.
  • SANDERSON, C. ve GRUE, R. (2006). Analytical Models for Decision Making, Understandıng Publıc Health, Mcgraw-Hill Education Open University Press.
  • SANTERRE, R.E. ve NEUN, S.P. (2010). Health Economics, South-Western, Cengage Learning, Canada.
  • SATO, R.C. ve ZOUAĠN, D.M. (2010). Markov Models in Health Care. Einstein Sao Paulo, 8, 376-379.
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  • SGK, (2012). Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumu, http://www.sgk.gov.tr/wps/portal/tr/kurumsal/istatistikler/, 23.06.2013.
  • SONNENBERG, F.A. ve BECK, J.R. (1993). Markov Models in Medical Decision Making A Practical Guide. Medical Decision Making, 13(4): 322-338.
  • SUN, X.. (2007). Markov Modelling in Healthcare Economic Evaluations. Chin J EvidBased Med, 7(10): 750-756.
  • SÜT, N, TÜRE, M. ve ġENOCAK, M. (2007). Sağlık Alanında Karar Vermede Döngüsel Süreçlerin Kullanımı: Bir Markov Model Uygulaması, Trakya Univ Tıp Fak Dergisi, 24(2): 109-113
  • TATAR, M. (1994). Sağlık Hizmetlerinde Ekonomik Değerlendirme Yöntemleri. MPM Verimlilik Dergisi, 4, 147-172.
  • TORRANCE, G.W. (1997). Preferences For Health Outcomes and Cost-Utility Analysis. Am J Manag Care, 3(Suppl 1), S8-S20.
  • TORRANCE, G.W. (2005). Methods For The Economic Evaluation of Health Care Programs. M. F. Drummond (Ed.). University Press, Oxford. TUĠK (2012). Türkiye Ġstatistik Kurumu, www.tuik.gov.tr, 10.09.2013.
  • ÜNAL, E. (2013). Sağlık Ekonomisi ve Yönetimi, Ekin Yayınevi, Bursa. WILLAN, A.R. ve O'BRIEN, B.J. (1996). Confidence Intervals For Cost‐Effectiveness Ratios: An Application of Fieller's Theorem. Health Economics, 5(4): 297-305.
  • WINKELMAYER, W.C., WEINSTEIN, M.C., et al. (2002). Health Economic Evaluations: The Special Case of End-Stage Renal Disease Treatment. Medical Decision Making, 22(5): 417-430.
  • YILDIRIM, H.H. (2012). Sağlık Sigortacılığı, Anadolu Üniversitesi Açık Öğretim Fakültesi Yayınları, EskiĢehir.
Toplam 99 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

  öğr.gör.dr.vahit Yiğit Bu kişi benim

Doç.dr.ramazan Erdem Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Haziran 2014
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2014 Cilt: 19 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Yiğit, ., & Erdem, D. (2014). SAĞLIK HİZMETLERİNDE MALİYET ETKİLİLİK ANALİZİ. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 19(2), 211-236.