Measurement of succes and color stability of vital whitening treatments

Öz

Bleaching treatments are being used for many years to get teeth whiter and brighter. There are lots of different methods described to bleach vital teeth. Today, many different bleaching agent, with different concentration, application time, product formulation, application model and activation method are used. To evaluate the effectiveness of treatments to determine the color change from bleaching many methods were developed, such as color scales, spectrophotometers, colorimeters, and digital photos on computer analysis. It is thought that color stabilization differ from the type of coloration, the application method and the material used for treatment. The purpose of this review was to evaluate the different methods of vital bleaching, the measurement methods of obtained color change and color stability after bleaching treatments in the light of the related studies. Key words: Color change, color measurement devices, vital tooth bleaching

Anahtar Kelimeler

• -

VİTAL AĞARTMA TEDAVİLERİNDE BAŞARININ VE RENK STABİLİTESİNİN ÖLÇÜLMESİ

Öz

Ağartma tedavileri, uzun yıllardan beri daha beyaz ve parlak dişler elde etmek için kullanılmaktadır. Vital dişleri ağartmak için birçok farklı yöntem tarif edilmiştir. Günümüzde birçok farklı ağartma ajanının, farklı konsantrasyonu, uygulama süresi, ürün formülü, uygulama modeli ve aktivasyon şeklinin kullanıldığı yöntemler mevcuttur. Ağartma tedavilerinin etkinliğinin belirlenmesinde elde edilen renk değişimini değerlendirmek için renk skalaları, spektrofotometreler, kolorimetreler ve dijital fotoğrafların bilgisayar ortamında incelenmesi gibi birçok yöntem geliştirilmiştir. Renk stabilizasyonunun renklenmenin tipine, uygulanan tedavi yöntemine ve kullanılan materyale göre farklılık gösterdiği düşünülmektedir. Bu derlemenin amacı farklı vital ağartma yöntemlerini, tedavi sonrası elde edilen renk değişimini ölçme metotlarını ve renk stabilizasyonunu yapılan araştırmalar ışığında incelemektir. Anahtar kelimeler: Renk değişikliği, renk ölçüm cihazları, vital diş ağartma

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Renk değişikliği, renk ölçüm cihazları, vital diş ağartma

Kaynakça

1. Goldstein RE, Garber DA. Complete Dental Bleaching. Chicago: Quintessence Publishing; 1995: 73-74.
2. Kihn PW. Vital tooth whitening. DentClin North Am 2007; 51: 319-331.
3. Kawamoto K, Sujimoto Y. Effects of the hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide on tooth bleaching. J Endod 2004; 30: 45-50.
4. Arens D. The role of bleaching in esthetics. Dent Clin North Am 1989; 33: 319-336.
5. Auschill TM, Hellwig E, Schmidale S, Sculean A, Arweiler NB. Efficacy, side-effects and patients’ acceptance of different bleaching techniques (OTC, in-office, at-home). Oper Dent. 2005; 30:156-63.
6. Bentley C, Leonard RH, Nelson CF, Bentley SA. Quantitation of vital bleaching by computer analysis of photographic images. J Am DentAssoc 1999; 130:809-816.
7. Paul S, Peter A, Pietrobon N, Hämmerle CH. Visual and spectrophotometric shade analysis of human teeth. J DentRes. 2002; 81:578-82.
8. Bengel WM. Digital photography and the assessment of therapeutic results after bleaching procedures. J EsthetRestorDent 2003; 15: 21-32.

9. Guan YH, Lath DL, Lilley TH, Willmot DR, Marlow I, Brook AH. The Measurement of ToothWhiteness by Image Analysis and Spectrophotometry: A Comparison. J Oral Rehabil 2005; 32: 7- 15.
10. Analoui M, Papkosta E, Cochran M, Matis B. Designing Visually Optimal Shade Guides. J ProsthetDent 2004; 92: 371- 376.
11. Joiner A. The bleaching of teeth: a review of theliterature. J Dent 2006; 34:412-419.
12. Ontiveros JC, Paravina RD. Color change of vital teeth exposed to bleaching performed with and without supplementary light. J Dent 2009; 37: 840- 847.
13. Klemetti E, Matela A-M, Haag P, Kononen M. Shade selection performed by novice dental professionals and colorimeter. J Oral Rehabil 2006; 33: 31–35.
14. Knispel G. Factors affecting the process of color matching restorative materials to natural teeth. QuintessenceInt 1991; 22: 525-531.
15. Paravina RD. Evaluation of a Newly Developed Visual Shade-Matching Apparatus. Int J Prosthodont 2002; 15: 528-534.
16. Joiner A. Toothcolour: a review of the literature. J Dent 2004; 32: 3-12.
17. Cho BH, Lim YK, Lee YK. Comparison of the color of natural teeth measured by a colorimeter and Shade Vision System. Dent Mater 2007; 23: 1307-1312.
18. Heymann HO, Swift EJ Jr, Bayne SC, May KN Jr, Wilder AD Jr, Mann GB, Peterson CA. Clinical evaluation of two carbamide peroxide tooth- whitening agents. Compend Contin Educ Dent, 1998; 19:359-376.
19. Meireles SS, Santos IS, Bona AD, Demarco FF. A double-blind randomized clinical trial of two carbamide peroxide toothbleaching agents: 2-year follow-up. J Dent 2010; 38: 956-63.
20. Joiner A. Whitening toothpastes: a review of the literature. J Dent 2010; 38:17-24.
21. Sulieman M, Addy M, MacDonald E, Rees JS. The effect of hydrogen peroxide concentration on the outcome of tooth whitening: an in vitro study. J Dent 2004; 32:295-9.
22. Heymann HO. Tooth whitening: facts and fallacies. Br Dent J 2005; 198: 5-14.
23. Kugel G, Ferreira S. The art and science of tooth whitening. J Mass Dent Soc. 2005 Winter; 53(4):34-7.
24. Haywood VB, Heyman HO. Nightguard vital bleaching. Quintessence Int 1989; 20: 173-176.
25. Joiner A. Review of the effects of peroxide on enamel and dentine properties. J Dent 2007; 35: 889-96.
26. Zekonis R, Matis BA, Cochran MA, Al Shetri SE, Eckert GJ, Carlson TJ. Clinical evaluation of in Office and at home bleaching treatments. OperDent 2003; 28: 114-121.
27. Sulieman M. An overwiew of bleaching tecniques. 3. Insurgeryorpowerbleaching. Dent Update 2005; 32: 101-108.
28. Freedman G. In-office whitening systems. DentToday. 2005; 24:110-115.
29. Donly KJ, Donly AS, Baharloo L, Rojas-Candelas E, Garcia-Godoy F, Zhou X, Gerlach RW. Tooth whitening in children. Compend Contin Educ Dent. 2002; 23: 22-28.
30. Sagel PA, Odioso LL, McMillan DA, Gerlach RW. Vital tooth whitening with a novel hydrogen peroxide strip system: design, kinetics, and clinical response. Compend Contin Educ Dent 2000; 29: 10-15.
31. Haywood VB. Current status of nightguard vital bleaching. Compend Contin Educ Dent, 2000; 28: 10-17.
32. Gerlah RW. Whitening paradigms 1 year later: introduction of a novel Professional tooth bleaching system. Compend Contin Educ Dent 2002; 23:4-8.
33. Slezak B, Santarpia P, Xu T, Monsul-Barnes V, Heu RT, Stranick M, Sullivan R, Petrou I, Bagley D, Li Y. Safety profile of a new liquid whitening gel. Compend Contin Educ Dent. 2002; 23: 4-11.
34. Collins LZ, Maggio B, Liebman J, Blanck M, Lefort S, Waterfield P, Littlewood D, Naeeni M, Schäfer F. Clinical evaluation of a novel whitening gel, containing %6 hydrogen peroxide and a Standard flouride tooth paste. J Dent 2004; 32: 13-17.
35. Kugel G, Perry RD, Hoang E, Scherer W. Effective tooth bleaching in 5 days: using a combined in-office and at-home bleaching system. Compend Contin Educ Dent 1997; 18: 378-383.
36. Garber DA. Dentist-monitored bleaching: a discussion of combination and laser bleaching. J Am Dent Assoc, 1997; 128:26-30.
37. Lorenzo JA, Navarro LF, Caballero AB. At home vital bleaching: a comparison of hydrogen peroxide and carbamide peroxide treatments. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2006; 11: 94-99.
38. Swift EJ Jr. A method for bleaching discolored vital teeth. Quintessence Int 1988; 19: 607-612.
39. Brewer JD, Wee A, Seghi R. Advances in color matching. Dent Clin North Am. 2004; 48:341-58
40. Schwabacher WB, Goodkind RJ. Three dimensional shade guides. J Prosthet Dent 1990; 64:425-31.
41. Fondriest J.Shade: Matching in Restorative Dentistry. The Science and Strategies. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 2003; 23:467-479.
42. Carsten DL. Successful shade matching –what does it take? Compend Contin Educ Dent 2003; 24: 175- 8, 180.
43. Berns RS. Billmeyer and Saltzman’s Principles of colortechnology. 3rd Ed. New York: Wiley; 2000: 75-104.
44. Bayındır F, Wee AG. Diş Rengi Seçiminde Bilgisayar Destekli Sistemlerin Kullanımı. Hacettepe Dişhekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi 2006; 30: 40-46.
45. King KA, de Rijk WG. Variations of L* a* b* values among Vitapan classical shade guides. J Prosthodont 2007; 16:352-6.
46. Amato M, Scaravilli MS, Farella M, Riccitiello F. Bleaching teeth treated endodontically: long-term evaluation of a case series. J Endod 2006; 32: 376-8.
47. Dozic A, Kleverlaan CJ, El-Zohairy A, Feilzer AJ, Khashayar G. Performance of five commercially available tooth color-measuring devices. J Prosthodont 2007; 16: 93-100.
48. Kim-Pusateri S, Brewer JD, Davis EL, Wee AG. Reliability and accuracy of four dental shade- matching devices. J Prosthet Dent 2009; 101:193-9.
49. Tung FF, Goldstein GR, Jang S, Hittelman E. The repeatability of an intraoral dental colorimeter. J Prosthet Dent 2002; 88: 585-90.
50. Yui KCK, Rodrigues JR, Mancini MNG, Balducci I, Gonçalves SE. In-vivo evaluation of the effectiveness of bleaching agents on the shade alteration of blood- stained teeth. Int Endod J 2008; 41: 485-92.
51. Rattacaso RM, da Fonseca Roberti Garcia L, Aguilar FG, Consani S, de Carvalho Panzeri Pires-de- Souza F. Bleaching agent action on color stability, surface roughness and microhardness of composites submitted to accelerated artificial aging. Eur J Dent 2011; 5: 143-9.
52. Yuan JC, Brewer JD, Monaco EA Jr, Davis EL. Defining a natural tooth color space based on a 3-dimensional shade system. J Prosthet Dent 2007; 98:110-9.
53. Özcan A. Kâğıt yüzey pürüzlülüğünün L*a*b* değerleri üzerine etkisinin belirlenmesi. İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 2008; 14: 53-61.
54. Haywood VB. Current status and recommendations for dentist-prescribed, at-home tooth whitening. Contempt Esthet Restor Pract, 1999; 3:2-9.
55. Matis BA, Cochran MA, Eckert G, Carlson TJ. The efficacy and safety of a 10% carbamide peroxide bleaching gel. Quintessence Int, 1998; 29: 555-563.
56. Lyons K, Ng B. Nightguard vital bleaching: a review and clinicalstudy. N Z Dent J, 1998; 94: 100-103.
57. Matis BA, Mousa HN, Cochran MA, Eckert GJ. Clinical evaluation of bleaching agents of different concentrations. Quintessence Int 2000; 31: 303–310.
58. Zantner C, Derdilopolou F, Martus P, Kielbassa AM. Randomized clinical trial on the efficacy of a new bleaching lacquer for self-application. Oper Dent 2006; 31: 308-316.
59. Leonard RH Jr. Nighguard vital bleaching: dark stains and long-term results. Compend Contin Educ Dent, 2000; 28: 18–27.
60. Matis BA, Cochran MA, Franco M, Al-Ammar W, Eckert GJ, Stropes M. Eight in-office tooth whitening systems evaluated in vivo: a pilot study. Oper Dent 2007; 32: 322-327.
61. Wiegand A, Drebenstedt S, Roos M, Magalhães AC, Attin T. 12-month color stability of enamel, dentine, and enamel-dentine samples after bleaching. Clin Oral Investig 2008; 12: 303-310.
62. Marson FC, Sensi LG, Vieira LC, Araşjo E. Clinical evaluation of in-office dental bleaching treatments with and without the use of light-activation sources. Oper Dent 2008; 33: 15-22.
63. Al Shethri S, Matis BA, Cochran MA, Zekonis R, Stropes M. A clinical evaluation of two in-office bleaching products. Oper Dent 2003; 28: 488-495.
64. Rosenstiel SF, Gegauff AG, McCafferty RJ, Johnston WM. In vitro tooth color change with repeated bleaching. Quintessence Int 1991; 22: 7-12.
65. Leonard RH Jr, Haywood VB, Eagle JC, Garland GE, Caplan DJ, Matthews KP, Tart ND. Night guard vital bleaching of tetracycline-stained teeth: 54 months post treatment. J Esthet Dent 1999; 11:265- 277.
66. Milnar FJ. Considering biomodification and remineralization techniques as adjuncts to vital tooth- bleaching regimens. Compend Contin Educ Dent 2007; 28: 234-240.
67. Barlett DW, Walmslay AD, Rippin JW, Wilson SJ. Analysis of two home bleaching products. J Dent Res 70:726. [Absrtrac no.452]. In: Bleaching Tecniques in Restorative Dentistry- An Illustrated Guide. Greenwall L. London, Martin DunitzLtd, 2001: 39.
68. Deliperi S, Bardwell DN, Papathanasiou A. Clinical evaluation of combined in- Office and take home bleaching system. J Am Dent Assoc 2004; 135:628- 634.
69. Giniger M, Spaid M, MacDonald J, Felix H. A 180- day clinical investigation of the tooth whitening efficacy of a bleaching gel with added amorphous calcium phosphate. J Clin Dent, 2005; 16: 11-16.
70. Singh RD, Ram SM, Shetty O, Chand P, Yadav R. Efficacy of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate to prevent stain absorption on freshly bleached enamel: an in vitro study. J Conserv Dent 2010; 13:76-9.