Astım hastası çocukların sosyodemografik özellikleri ve ağız diş sağlığı

Öz

AMAÇ: Astım, giderek artan prevelansıyla, çocukluk dönemimin en yaygın kronik hastalıklarından biridir. Bu çalışmanın amacı astım hastası çocukların ağız ve diş sağlıklarını incelemek ve sosyodemografik özellikleri ile ilişkisini değerlendirilmektir. 

MATERYAL-METOD: Astım hastası 99 çocuk (48 kız, 51 erkek), kontrol grubu olarak yaş ve cinsiyetleri eşleştirilmiş 99 sağlıklı çocukla karşılaştırılmıştır. DMFT indeksi, diş eti indeksi ve plak indeksini kaydetmek amacıyla hastaların klinik muayeneleri yapılmıştır. Ebeveynlerden çocukların oral hijyen alışkanlıkları ve sosyo-demografik özellikleri konusunda bilgi alınmıştır.

BULGULAR: Astımlı çocuklarda kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında önemli derecede yüksek DMFT indeks, gingival indeks ve plak indeks değerleri gözlenmiştir (P<0,05). Sosyodemografik özellikler değerlendirildiğinde, çocukların yerleşim yeri ve anne çalışma durumları benzer özellik gösterirken, kontrol grubunun %33,3, astım grubunun ise %62,6’sının düşük gelir düzeyine sahip olduğu gözlenmiştir.

SONUÇ: Bu çalışmanın sonucunda astım hastası çocukların daha fazla ağız ve diş sağlığı problemlerine sahip oldukları gözlenirken, bu çocuklarda anne eğitim düzeyleri ve aile gelir düzeylerinin farklılık gösterdiği saptanmıştır. Bu nedenle astım ve diş çürüğünün çeşitli etiyolojik faktörlere sahip kronik hastalıklar olduğu göz önünde bulundurularak, bu hastalıklar çok yönlü değerlendirilmeli ve koruyucu önlemler alınmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Astım,Çürük,Sosyodemografik özellikler

Socıo-demographic characteristics and oral health of children with asthma

Öz

Aim: Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases of childhood, recording an ever-increasing frequency. The aim of this study is to examine the oral health of asthmatic children and to assess their association with sociodemographic characteristics.

Materials and method: A group of 99 children (48 females, 51 males) with asthma was evaluated and compared with 99 heathy children as control group, case-matched for gender and age. Clinical examinations were carried out to record DMFT index, gingival index and plaque index. The parents of children were interviewed for information about child’s oral hygiene habits and sociodemographic attributes.

Results: The results showed a significantly higher values of DMFT index, gingival index and plaque index among asthmatic patients as compared to the matched control group (p<0.05). When sociodemographic characteristics are assessed, the place of residence and mother work status of children were similar in both groups. But 33.3% of the control group and 62.6% of the asthmatic group had low income.

Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that children with asthma had more oral health problems, and mother education levels and family income levels were different in these children. Therefore, considering that asthma and dental decay are chronic diseases with various etiologic factors, these diseases should be evaluated in a multidimensional manner and protective measures should be taken. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• asthma,caries,sociodemographic characteristic

Kaynakça

1. Referans1. Neyzi O, Ertuğrul T. Pediatri. 3. Baskı. Cilt 1. İstanbul.Nobel Tıp Kitabevi 2002; s.609-630
2. Referans2. Stensson M, Wendt LK, Koch G, Oldaeus G, Birkhed D. Oral health in preschool children with asthma. Int J Paediatr Dent 2008; 18(4): 243-50.
3. Referans3. Akcakaya N, Kulak K, Hassanzadeh A, Camcioğlu Y, Cokuğraş, H. Prevalence of bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis in Istanbul school children. Eur J Epidemiol 2000; 16(6) :693-9.
4. Referans4. Thomas MS, Parolia A, Kundabala M, Vikram M. Asthma and oral health: a review. Aust Dent J 2010; 55(2):128-33.
5. Referans5. Bimstein E, Wilson J, Guelmann M, Primosch RE. The relationship between oral and demographic characteristics of children with asthmaJ Clin Pediatr Dent 2006; 31(2) :86-9.
6. Referans6. World Health Organization. Individual tooth status and treatment need.In:Oral Health Surveys- Basic. Methods. 3th Ed. Geneva, Switzerland Worrld Health Organization. 1987;34-9.
7. Referans7. Shashikiran ND, Reddy VV, Raju PK. Effect of antiasthmatic medication on dental disease: dental caries and periodontal disease. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2007; 25(2) :65-8.
8. Referans8. Olar M, Luca R, Marica C. Carıes ın chıldren sufferıng from bronchıal asthma. Intl J Med Dent 2012; 2(1) :21-6.

9. Referans9. Mazzoleni S, Stellini E, Cavaleri E, Angelova Volponi A, Ferro R, Fochesato Colombani S. Dental caries in children with asthma undergoing treatment with short-acting beta2-agonists. Eur J Paediatr Dent 2008; 9(3) :132-8.
10. Referans10. Ferrazzano GF, Sangianantoni G, Cantile T, Amato I, Ingenito A, Noschese P. Dental health in asthmatic children: a South Italy study. J Dent Child (Chic). 2012; 79(3) :170-5.
11. Referans11. Ehsani S, Moin M, Meighani G, Pourhashemi SJ, Khayatpisheh H, Yarahmadi N. Oral health status in preschool asthmatic children in Iran. Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol 2013; 12(3): 254-61.
12. Referans12. Lindemeyer RG, Satpute NS, Katz SH.Evaluation of bronchial asthma as risk factor for early childhood caries. J Mich Dent Assoc 2012; 94(5): 46-9.
13. Referans13. Ersin NK, Gülen F, Eronat N, Cogulu D, Demir E, Tanaç R, Aydemir S. Oral and dental manifestations of young asthmatics related to medication, severity and duration of condition. Pediatr Int 2006; 48(6): 549-54.
14. Referans14. Ryberg M, Möller C, Ericson T. Saliva composition and caries development in asthmatic patients treated with beta 2-adrenoceptor agonists: a 4-year follow-up study. Scand J Dent Res 1991; 99(3): 212-8.
15. Referans15. Laurikainen K, Kuusisto P. Comparison of the oral health status and salivary flow rate of asthmatic patients with those of nonasthmatic adults--results of a pilot study. Allergy. 1998; 53(3): 316-9.
16. Referans16. McDerra EJ, Pollard MA, Curzon ME. The dental status of asthmatic British school children. Pediatr Dent 1998; 20(4): 281-7.
17. Referans17. Sag C, Ozden FO, Acikgoz G, Anlar FY. The effects of combination treatment with a long-acting beta2-agonist and a corticosteroid on salivary flow rate, secretory immun globulin A, and oral health in children and adolescents with moderate asthma: a 1-month, single-blind clinical study. Clin Ther 2007; 29(10): 2236-42.
18. Referans18. Stensson M, Wendt LK, Koch G, Oldaeus G, Ramberg P, Birkhed D.Oral health in young adults with long-term, controlled asthma. Acta Odontol Scand 2011; 69(3): 158-64.
19. Referans19. Shulman JD, Nunn ME, Taylor SE, Rivera-Hidalgo F. The prevalence of periodontal-related changes in adolescents with asthma: results of the Third Annual National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Pediatr Dent 2003; 25(3): 279-84.
20. Referans20. Alaki SM, Ashiry EA, Bakry NS, Baghlaf KK, Bagher SM. The effects of asthma and asthma medication on dental caries and salivary characteristics in children. Oral Health Prev Dent 2013; 11(2): 113-20.
21. Referans21. Eloot AK, Vanobbergen JN, De Baets F, Martens LC. Oral health and habits in children with asthma related to severity and duration of condition. Eur J Paediatr Dent 2004; 5(4): 210-5.
22. Referans22. Corvalán C, Amigo H, Bustos P, Rona RJ. Socioeconomic risk factors for asthma in Chilean young adults. Am J Public Health 2005; 95(8): 1375-81.
23. Referans23. Hancox RJ, Milne BJ, Taylor DR, Greene JM, Cowan JO, Flannery EM, et al. Relationship between socioeconomic status and asthma: a longitudinal cohort study. Thorax 2004; 59(5): 376-80.
24. Referans24. Singh M, Singh S, Singh K, Bhatia AS, Kajal NC, Aggarwal D, et al. Prevalance of Bronchial Asthma among school children in urban and rural areas. Chest 2004; 26(4): 762s.
25. Referans25. Lawson JA, Janssen I, Bruner MW, Madani K, Pickett W. Urban-rural differences in asthma prevalence among young people in Canada:the roles of healthbehaviors and obesity. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2011; 107(3): 220-8.