The Effect of Multi Probiotic Supplementation on Serum Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Levels in Experimental Periodontitis

Öz

Objective: Probiotics, which are beneficial microorganisms on health, take part in periodontal disease pathogenesis by affecting immune system and pathogenic flora. Probiotic supplementation was shown to improve clinical periodontal parameters and decrease alveolar bone loss (ABL) in experimental studies. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) is one of the key cytokines responsible for destruction of periodontal soft and hard tissues. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of multi probiotic supplementation containing Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Streptococcus species on ABL and serum TNFα levels. Material-Method: Twenty-four 6-8 weeks adult Wistar albino rat were separated equally (n=8) into control (C), ligature-induced periodontitis (Lig), and probiotic administration additionally to ligature-induced periodontitis (VSL). All rats were fed with standard water and diet for 44 days; additionally multi probiotics were supplemented to the rats in VSL group via oral gavage in 1 ml saline. Periodontitis was induced using ligature to the maxillary 2nd molars of the rats in Lig and VSL groups 2 weeks before the end of the study. ABL was measured histomorphometrically and serum TNFa levels were analysed with ELISA. Results: ABL increased in the ligature-induced periodontitis groups (Lig and VSL), compared to C group, and decreased in VSL group, in comparison with the Lig group (p<0.05). Serum TNFα levels were significantly higher in Lig group than C group, and significantly lower in VSL group than Lig group (p<0.05). Conclusions: We suggest that multi probiotic supplementation could inhibit periodontal bone destruction by decreasing serum TNFα levels in an experimental periodontitis model.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Probiotics
• Experimental Periodontitis
• Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha

Deneysel Periodontitiste Çoklu Probiyotik Desteğinin Serum Tümör Nekroz Faktör Alfa Seviyelerine Etkisi

Öz

Amaç: Probiyotikler sağlığa yararlı mikroorganizmalar olup immün sistemi ve patojenik florayı etkileyerek periodontal hastalık patogenezinde yer almaktadır. Probiyotik desteğinin klinik periodontal parametreleri iyileştirdiği ve deneysel çalışmalarda alveoler kemik kaybını (AKK) azaltabileceği gösterilmiştir. Tümör nekroz faktör alfa (TNFα) periodontal sert ve yumuşak doku yıkımdan sorumlu anahtar sitokinlerden birisidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium ve Streptococcus suşlarını içeren çoklu probiyotik desteğinin AKK ve serum TNFα seviyelerine olan etkilerini incelemektir. Materyal-Metot: Yirmi dört adet 6-8 haftalık yetişkin Wistar albino rat eşit sayıda (n=8) kontrol (K), ligatürle indüklenen periodontitis (Lig) ve ligatürle indüklenen periodontitise ek probiyotik desteği (VSL) gruplarına ayrılmıştır. Bütün ratlar 44 gün süresince standart yem ve su içeren diyetle beslenmiş, VSL grubundaki ratlara ayrıca oral gavajla 1 ml serum içerisinde çoklu probiyotik desteği uygulanmıştır. Deney bitiminden 2 hafta önce Lig ve VSL grubundaki ratların maksillar 2. molar dişlerine ligatür kullanılarak periodontitis indüklenmiştir. AKK histomorfometrik olarak ölçülmüş, serum TNFα seviyeleri ELISA ile incelenmiştir. Bulgular: AKK, K grubuna göre ligatürle periodontitis indüklenen gruplarda (Lig ve VSL) artmış, VSL grubunda Lig grubuna kıyasla azalmıştır (p<0,05). Serum TNFα seviyeleri, Lig grubunda K grubuyla karşılaştırıldığında anlamlı derecede yükselmiş, VSL grubunda ise Lig grubuna göre anlamlı derecede azalmıştır (p<0,05). Sonuç: Deneysel periodontitis modelinde çoklu probiyotik desteğinin serum TNFα seviyelerini azaltarak periodontal kemik yıkımını engelleyebileceği düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Probiyotikler
• Deneysel Periodontitis
• Tümör Nekroz Faktör Alfa

Kaynakça

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