The Knowledge Levels, Preventive Behavior and Risk Perception on Covid-19 of The Healthcare Students in Turkey

Öz

Abstract Objective: The purpose of this study is to be determine the the knowledge levels, preventive behaviours and risk perception about COVİD-19 of the healthcare students in Turkey and in the light of the data obtained, it was planned to determine the adequacy about the pandemic. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted from 14th to 20th of May, 2020. The survey was completed with the voluntary participation of university students who have education in the field of health. The survey consisted of 26 questions including 15 items about COVID-19 related knowledge, 9 items regarding preventive measures and 2 items about COVID-19 risk perception. The reliability of the survey was shown to be satisfactory. Results: Total 1438 students studying in departments about health participated in the study. 943 participants (65%) were associate degree students, 495 people (35%) were undergraduate students. The average covid-19 knowledge level was 90.3%, its attitude towards protective behavior was 99%, and the risk perception rate was 4.82. There was a high level correlation between the preventive behaviors of the participants and their risk perception and knowledge, and a medium level correlation between their knowledge and risk perception. Conclusion: We see that knowledge level is at a level that provides insulation with the recognition and protection of the disease in our study if cases and the mortality rate in Turkey is considered.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• COVİD-19
• knowledge levels
• preventive behaviours
• risk perception
• students

Türkiye’de Sağlık Öğrencilerinin Covid-19 Üzerine Bilgi Düzeyleri, Koruyucu Davranışları Ve Risk Algıları

Öz

Özet Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye'deki sağlık öğrencilerinin COVİD-19 ile ilgili bilgi düzeylerini, önleyici davranışları ve risk algılamasını belirlemek ve elde edilen veriler ışığında, pandemi ile ilgili yeterliliğin belirlenmesiydi. Yöntem: Kesitsel tipteki bu çalışma 14-20 Mayıs 2020 tarihleri arasında gerçekleştirildi. Araştırma, sağlık alanında eğitim alan üniversite öğrencilerinin gönüllü katılımı ile tamamlandı. Anket, COVID-19 ile ilgili bilgilerle ilgili 15 madde, koruyucu davranışlarla ilgili 9 madde ve risk algısıyla ilgili 2 maddeden oluşan 26 sorudan oluşmaktadır. Anketin güvenilirliğinin yeterli düzeyde bulundu. Bulgular: Araştırmaya sağlıkla ilgili bölümlerde okuyan toplam 1438 öğrenci katıldı. 943 katılımcı (%65) ön lisans öğrencisi, 495 kişi (%35) lisans öğrencisiydi. Ortalama covid-19 bilgi düzeyi %90.3, koruyucu davranışa karşı tutumu %99 ve risk algılama oranı 4.82'dir. Katılımcıların , koruyucu davranışlar ile risk algılamaları ve bilgileri arasında yüksek düzeyde, bilgi ve risk algıları arasında orta düzeyde bir korelasyon vardı. Sonuç: Çalışmamız da bilgi düzeyinin, Türkiye’deki vaka ve ölüm oranı dikkate alınacak olursa hastalığı tanıma ve korunma ile izolasyon sağlayacak düzeyde olduğunu görüyoruz.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• COVİD-19
• bilgi düzeyleri
• koruyucu davranışlar
• risk algısı
• öğrenci

Kaynakça

1. 1. Law S, Leung AW, Xu C. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19): From Causes to Preventions in Hong Kong. International Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2020.
2. 2. Peng PW, Ho P-L, Hota SS. Outbreak of a new coronavirus: what anaesthetists should know. British journal of anaesthesia. 2020.
3. 3. WHO WHO. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Situation Report – 93 2020 [Available from: https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200422-sitrep-93-covid-19.pdf?sfvrsn=35cf80d7_4.
4. 4. TÜBA. Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi COVID-19 Pandemi Değerlendirme Raporu 2020 [Available from: http://www.tuba.gov.tr/files/images/2020/kovidraporu/Covid-19%20Raporu-Final+.pdf.
5. 5. Wu D, Wu T, Liu Q, Yang Z. The SARS-CoV-2 outbreak: what we know. International Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2020.
6. 6. WHO WHO. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) situation reports.2020 2020 [Available from: https://www.who.int/docs/ default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200219-sitrep-30-covid-19.pdf?sfvrsn=- 3346b04f_2 Erişim Tarihi. 01.04.2020.
7. 7. Cascella M, Rajnik M, Cuomo A, Dulebohn SC, Di Napoli R. Features, evaluation and treatment coronavirus (COVID-19). Statpearls [internet]: StatPearls Publishing; 2020.
8. 8. Wang D, Hu B, Hu C, Zhu F, Liu X, Zhang J, et al. Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus–infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China. Jama. 2020;323(11):1061-9.

9. 9. Kim JS, Choi JS. Middle East respiratory syndrome–related knowledge, preventive behaviours and risk perception among nursing students during outbreak. Journal of clinical nursing. 2016;25(17-18):2542-9.
10. 10. Taghrir MH, Borazjani R, Shiraly R. COVID-19 and Iranian Medical Students; A Survey on Their Related-Knowledge, Preventive Behaviors and Risk Perception. Archives of Iranian Medicine. 2020;23(4):249.
11. 11. Raosoft I. [Available from: http://www.raosoft.com/samplesize.html.
12. 12. Köse SK. Korelasyon ve regresyon analizi. Çevrimiçi) http://tr scribd com/doc/2066772/korelasyon-analizi. 2008;9.
13. 13. Grasselli G, Zangrillo A, Zanella A, Antonelli M, Cabrini L, Castelli A, et al. Baseline characteristics and outcomes of 1591 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 admitted to ICUs of the Lombardy Region, Italy. JAMA. 2020.
14. 14. Al-Hazmi A, Gosadi I, Somily A, Alsubaie S, Saeed AB. Knowledge, attitude and practice of secondary schools and university students toward Middle East Respiratory Syndrome epidemic in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study. Saudi journal of biological sciences. 2018;25(3):572-7.
15. 15. Liu M, Jiang C, Donovan C, Wen Y, Sun W. Middle East respiratory syndrome and medical students: letter from China. International journal of environmental research and public health. 2015;12(10):13289-94.
16. 16. Mahase E. Coronavirus: covid-19 has killed more people than SARS and MERS combined, despite lower case fatality rate. British Medical Journal Publishing Group; 2020.
17. 17. Bałazy A, Toivola M, Adhikari A, Sivasubramani SK, Reponen T, Grinshpun SA. Do N95 respirators provide 95% protection level against airborne viruses, and how adequate are surgical masks? American journal of infection control. 2006;34(2):51-7.
18. 18. WHO WHO. Advice on the Use of Masks the Community, during Home Care and in Health Care Settings in the Context of the Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Outbreak Interim Guidance. 2020; 2020 file. C:/Users/carolinaung/Downloads/advice-on-the-use-of-masks-2019-ncov pdf, Accessed date. 2020;9.
19. 19. Cao W, Fang Z, Hou G, Han M, Xu X, Dong J, et al. The psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on college students in China. Psychiatry research. 2020:112934. 20. Pakpour A, Griffiths M. The fear of CoVId-19 and its role in preventive behaviors. Journal of Concurrent Disorders. 2020.
20. 21. Roy D, Tripathy S, Kar SK, Sharma N, Verma SK, Kaushal V. Study of knowledge, attitude, anxiety & perceived mental healthcare need in Indian population during COVID-19 pandemic. Asian Journal of Psychiatry. 2020:102083.
21. 22. Leung CC, Lam TH, Cheng KK. Mass masking in the COVID-19 epidemic: people need guidance. Lancet. 2020;395(10228):945.
22. 23. Wise T, Zbozinek TD, Michelini G, Hagan CC. Changes in risk perception and protective behavior during the first week of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. 2020.
23. 24. TC.Sağlık.Bakanlığı. Türkiye Günlük Koronovirüs Tablosu 2020 [Available from: https://covid19.saglik.gov.tr/.