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Can Smaller Needle Size In Prostate Biopsy Reduce Complications Without Affecting Sample Quality And Cancer Detection Rates?

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 242 - 247, 15.06.2020

Öz

Purpose:
The aim of this study is to compare the 18G and 20G biopsy needle in
transrectal ultrasound guided prostate biopsy (TRUS-PBx) for diagnosis of
prostate cancer in terms of sample quality, cancer detection rates, pain and
other complications.



Material
and Method:
120 patients with PSA (prostate specific
antigen) values ​​of 2.5-10 ng/ml, prostate volumes of 30-80 cc and ages of
50-70 were randomly divided into two groups. However, the arm of the study
performed with 20G needle biopsy was stopped due to the very low cancer
detection rate when the number of patients reached 32. All patients in Group 2
were rebiopsied with an 18G needle 3 months later. In all patients,
complications and cancer detection rates were evaluated in during and after the
procedure.



Results:
The cancer detection rates in group 2 were significantly lower compared to
group 1. The VAS 2 score was lower in group 2 (p=0.008), but there was no
statistically significant difference in other VAS scores. In both groups, the
rate of side effects and complications related to biopsy were similar. All
patients in Group 2 were rebiopsied with an 18G needle. The rate of cancer
detection was significantly higher in patients who underwent TRUS-PBx with 18G
needle (p=0.0055).



Conclusion:
We found that the rate of obtaining sufficient sample for TRUS-PBx and
detection of cancer was very low in 20G compared to 18G needle.
20G needle had no superiority to 18G
needle in
all complications, including pain. We concluded that 20-gauge needle
prostate biopsy was not an accurate approach in our study

Kaynakça

  • 1.​ Loeb S, Vellekoop A, Ahmed HU, Catto J, Emberton M, Nam R, et al. Systematic review of complications of prostate biopsy. European urology. 2013;64(6):876-92.
  • 2.​ Wang J, Wang L, Du Y, He D, Chen X, Li L, et al. Addition of intrarectal local analgesia to periprostatic nerve block improves pain control for transrectal ultrasonography‐guided prostate biopsy: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. International Journal of Urology. 2015;22(1):62-8.
  • 3. ​Bjurlin MA, Carter HB, Schellhammer P, Cookson MS, Gomella LG, Troyer D, et al. Optimization of initial prostate biopsy in clinical practice: sampling, labeling and specimen processing. The Journal of urology. 2013;189(6):2039-46.
  • 4.​ Heidenreich A, Bastian PJ, Bellmunt J, Bolla M, Joniau S, van der Kwast T, et al. EAU guidelines on prostate cancer. Part II: treatment of advanced, relapsing, and castration-resistant prostate cancer. European urology. 2014;65(2):467-79.
  • 5.​ Ochiai A, Babaian RJ. Update on prostate biopsy technique. Current opinion in urology. 2004;14(3):157-62.
  • 6. ​Cicione A, Cantiello F, De Nunzio C, Tubaro A, Damiano R. Prostate biopsy quality is independent of needle size: a randomized single-center prospective study. Urologia internationalis. 2012;89(1):57-60.
  • 7.​ Wan B, Li C, Wang J, Zhao W, Fu Q, Zhang K. Diagnostic yield and complications using a 20 gauge prostate biopsy needle versus a standard 18 gauge needle: a randomized controlled study. Urology journal. 2015;12(5):2329-33.
  • 8.​ Kilciler M, Demir E, Bedir S, Erten K, Kilic C, Peker AF. Pain scores and early complications of transrectal ultrasonography-guided prostate biopsy: effect of patient position. Urologia internationalis. 2007;79(4):361-3.
  • 9.​ Dindo D, Demartines N, Clavien P-A. Classification of surgical complications: a new proposal with evaluation in a cohort of 6336 patients and results of a survey. Annals of surgery. 2004;240(2):205.
  • 10.​ Ahdoot M, Wilbur AR, Reese SE, Lebastchi AH, Mehralivand S, Gomella PT, et al. MRI-Targeted, Systematic, and Combined Biopsy for Prostate Cancer Diagnosis. New England Journal of Medicine. 2020;382(10):917-28.
  • 11.​ Heidenreich A, Bastian PJ, Bellmunt J, Bolla M, Joniau S, van der Kwast T, et al. EAU guidelines on prostate cancer. Part 1: screening, diagnosis, and local treatment with curative intent—update 2013. European urology. 2014;65(1):124-37.
  • 12.​ Baco E, Rud E, Eri LM, Moen G, Vlatkovic L, Svindland A, et al. A randomized controlled trial to assess and compare the outcomes of two-core prostate biopsy guided by fused magnetic resonance and transrectal ultrasound images and traditional 12-core systematic biopsy. European urology. 2016;69(1):149-56.
  • 13.​ Cicione A, Cantiello F, De Nunzio C, Tubaro A, Damiano R. Needle biopsy size and pathological Gleason Score diagnosis: No evidence for a link. Canadian Urological Association Journal. 2013;7(9-10):E567.
  • 14.​ Inal G, Öztekin V, Uğurlu Ö, Kosan M, Akdemir Ö, Cetinkaya M. Sixteen gauge needles improve specimen quality but not cancer detection rate in transrectal ultrasound-guided 10-core prostate biopsies. Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases. 2008;11(3):270.
  • 15.​ McCormack M, Duclos A, Latour M, McCormack MH, Liberman D, Djahangirian O, et al. Effect of needle size on cancer detection, pain, bleeding and infection in TRUS-guided prostate biopsies: a prospective trial. Canadian Urological Association Journal. 2012;6(2):97.
  • 16.​ Dogan HS, Eskicorapci SY, Ertoy-Baydar D, Akdogan B, Gunay LM, Ozen H. Can we obtain better specimens with an end-cutting prostatic biopsy device? European urology. 2005;47(3):297-301.
  • 17.​ Ficarra V, Martignoni G, Novella G, Cerruto MA, Galfano A, Novara G, et al. Needle core length is a quality indicator of systematic transperineal prostate biopsy. European urology. 2006;50(2):266-71.
  • 18. ​Ubhayakar G, Li W, Corbishley C, Patel U. Improving glandular coverage during prostate biopsy using a long‐core needle: technical performance of an end‐cutting needle. BJU international. 2002;89(1):40-3.
  • 19. ​Hizli F, Argun G, Ozkul F, Guven O, Arik AI, Basay S, et al. Novel Approach for Pain Control in Patients Undergoing Prostate Biopsy: Iliohypogastric Nerve Block with or without Topical Application of Prilocaine-Lidocaine: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Urology journal. 2015;12(1):2014-9.
  • 20. ​Shakil J, Piracha N, Prasad N, Kopacz J, Tarasuk A, Farrell R, et al. Use of outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy for transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy prophylaxis in the setting of community-associated multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli rectal colonization. Urology. 2014;83(4):710-3.

Can Smaller Needle Size in Prostate Biopsy Reduce Complications Without Affecting Sample Quality and Cancer Detection Rates?

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 242 - 247, 15.06.2020

Öz

Amaç:
Çalışmanın amacı; Prostat kanseri tanısı için yapılan transrektal ultrason
eşliğinde prostat biyopsisinde (TRUS-PBx) standart olarak kullanılan 18G(gauge)
biyopsi iğnesi ile 20G biyopsi iğnesini alınan örnek kalitesi, kanser tespit
oranları, ağrı ve diğer komplikasyonlar açısından karşılaştırmaktır.



Materyal ve Metot: PSA
(prostate specific antigen) değerleri 2,5-10 ng/ml, prostat hacimleri 30-80 cc,
yaşları 50-70 arasında olan 120 hasta, 
sayıları eşit olacak şekilde rastgele iki gruba ayrıldı. Fakat 20G iğne
biyopsisi ile yapılan çalışmanın kolu, hasta sayısı 32’ye ulaştığında çok düşük
kanser tespit oranı nedeniyle durduruldu. Grup 2'deki tüm hastalara 3 ay sonra
18G iğnesi ile yeniden biyopsi yapıldı. Tüm hastalarda, işlemi sırasında ve
sonrasında ki komplikasyonlar ile kanser tespit oranları değerlendirildi.



Bulgular: Grup
2’dekilerde kanser tespit oranları grup 1’e kıyasla anlamlı derecede düşüktü.
VAS 2 skoru grup 2’de daha düşüktü (p=0,008) fakat diğer VAS skorlarında istatistiksel
olarak anlamlı fark yoktu. Her iki grupta biyopsiye bağlı yan etki ve
komplikasyon görülme oranı benzerdi. Grup 2’deki tüm hastalara 18G iğne ile
tekrar biyopsi yapıldı. Kanser tespit oranı 18G iğne ile TRUS-PBx yapılanlarda
istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede yüksekti (p=0,0055).



Sonuç: TRUS-PBx için
yeterli numune elde etme ve kanser saptama oranını, 18G iğneye kıyasla 20G
iğnede çok düşük olduğu bulundu. Ağrı dahil tüm komplikasyonlarda ise her iki
iğnenin klinik olarak bir birlerine karşı hiçbir üstünlüğü bulunamadı.
Çalışmamıza göre 20G iğne ile prostat biyopsisi almanın doğru bir yaklaşım
olmadığı sonucuna varıldı. 

Kaynakça

  • 1.​ Loeb S, Vellekoop A, Ahmed HU, Catto J, Emberton M, Nam R, et al. Systematic review of complications of prostate biopsy. European urology. 2013;64(6):876-92.
  • 2.​ Wang J, Wang L, Du Y, He D, Chen X, Li L, et al. Addition of intrarectal local analgesia to periprostatic nerve block improves pain control for transrectal ultrasonography‐guided prostate biopsy: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. International Journal of Urology. 2015;22(1):62-8.
  • 3. ​Bjurlin MA, Carter HB, Schellhammer P, Cookson MS, Gomella LG, Troyer D, et al. Optimization of initial prostate biopsy in clinical practice: sampling, labeling and specimen processing. The Journal of urology. 2013;189(6):2039-46.
  • 4.​ Heidenreich A, Bastian PJ, Bellmunt J, Bolla M, Joniau S, van der Kwast T, et al. EAU guidelines on prostate cancer. Part II: treatment of advanced, relapsing, and castration-resistant prostate cancer. European urology. 2014;65(2):467-79.
  • 5.​ Ochiai A, Babaian RJ. Update on prostate biopsy technique. Current opinion in urology. 2004;14(3):157-62.
  • 6. ​Cicione A, Cantiello F, De Nunzio C, Tubaro A, Damiano R. Prostate biopsy quality is independent of needle size: a randomized single-center prospective study. Urologia internationalis. 2012;89(1):57-60.
  • 7.​ Wan B, Li C, Wang J, Zhao W, Fu Q, Zhang K. Diagnostic yield and complications using a 20 gauge prostate biopsy needle versus a standard 18 gauge needle: a randomized controlled study. Urology journal. 2015;12(5):2329-33.
  • 8.​ Kilciler M, Demir E, Bedir S, Erten K, Kilic C, Peker AF. Pain scores and early complications of transrectal ultrasonography-guided prostate biopsy: effect of patient position. Urologia internationalis. 2007;79(4):361-3.
  • 9.​ Dindo D, Demartines N, Clavien P-A. Classification of surgical complications: a new proposal with evaluation in a cohort of 6336 patients and results of a survey. Annals of surgery. 2004;240(2):205.
  • 10.​ Ahdoot M, Wilbur AR, Reese SE, Lebastchi AH, Mehralivand S, Gomella PT, et al. MRI-Targeted, Systematic, and Combined Biopsy for Prostate Cancer Diagnosis. New England Journal of Medicine. 2020;382(10):917-28.
  • 11.​ Heidenreich A, Bastian PJ, Bellmunt J, Bolla M, Joniau S, van der Kwast T, et al. EAU guidelines on prostate cancer. Part 1: screening, diagnosis, and local treatment with curative intent—update 2013. European urology. 2014;65(1):124-37.
  • 12.​ Baco E, Rud E, Eri LM, Moen G, Vlatkovic L, Svindland A, et al. A randomized controlled trial to assess and compare the outcomes of two-core prostate biopsy guided by fused magnetic resonance and transrectal ultrasound images and traditional 12-core systematic biopsy. European urology. 2016;69(1):149-56.
  • 13.​ Cicione A, Cantiello F, De Nunzio C, Tubaro A, Damiano R. Needle biopsy size and pathological Gleason Score diagnosis: No evidence for a link. Canadian Urological Association Journal. 2013;7(9-10):E567.
  • 14.​ Inal G, Öztekin V, Uğurlu Ö, Kosan M, Akdemir Ö, Cetinkaya M. Sixteen gauge needles improve specimen quality but not cancer detection rate in transrectal ultrasound-guided 10-core prostate biopsies. Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases. 2008;11(3):270.
  • 15.​ McCormack M, Duclos A, Latour M, McCormack MH, Liberman D, Djahangirian O, et al. Effect of needle size on cancer detection, pain, bleeding and infection in TRUS-guided prostate biopsies: a prospective trial. Canadian Urological Association Journal. 2012;6(2):97.
  • 16.​ Dogan HS, Eskicorapci SY, Ertoy-Baydar D, Akdogan B, Gunay LM, Ozen H. Can we obtain better specimens with an end-cutting prostatic biopsy device? European urology. 2005;47(3):297-301.
  • 17.​ Ficarra V, Martignoni G, Novella G, Cerruto MA, Galfano A, Novara G, et al. Needle core length is a quality indicator of systematic transperineal prostate biopsy. European urology. 2006;50(2):266-71.
  • 18. ​Ubhayakar G, Li W, Corbishley C, Patel U. Improving glandular coverage during prostate biopsy using a long‐core needle: technical performance of an end‐cutting needle. BJU international. 2002;89(1):40-3.
  • 19. ​Hizli F, Argun G, Ozkul F, Guven O, Arik AI, Basay S, et al. Novel Approach for Pain Control in Patients Undergoing Prostate Biopsy: Iliohypogastric Nerve Block with or without Topical Application of Prilocaine-Lidocaine: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Urology journal. 2015;12(1):2014-9.
  • 20. ​Shakil J, Piracha N, Prasad N, Kopacz J, Tarasuk A, Farrell R, et al. Use of outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy for transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy prophylaxis in the setting of community-associated multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli rectal colonization. Urology. 2014;83(4):710-3.
Toplam 20 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Ercan Baş 0000-0002-0731-880X

Yayımlanma Tarihi 15 Haziran 2020
Gönderilme Tarihi 30 Nisan 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Baş E. Can Smaller Needle Size In Prostate Biopsy Reduce Complications Without Affecting Sample Quality And Cancer Detection Rates?. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2020;11(2):242-7.

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