İnsan Yürüyüşünün Yapay Zekâyla Sınıflandırılması: Sistematik Bir Gözden Geçirme

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1, 110 - 116, 30.04.2021

Ziya Yıldız Ferdi Başkurt Ahmet Ali Süzen

Öz

Yürüyüş, duruş ve salınım fazı olarak incelenen döngüsel sürece sahip bir kazanımdır. Yürüyüş döngüler içerisinde zaman ve mesafe farklılıkları, eklem ve kaslardaki değişimleri içeren özelliklere sahiptir. Bu özellikler yürüyüşü kişiye özel hale getirir. Yürüyüşü çıplak gözle sınıflandırmak ve tanımlamak oldukça zor sübjektif bir yaklaşımdır. Görüntüleme ve sensör teknolojisinin gelişmesiyle yürüme hakkında birçok veri elde edilmektedir. Bu verilerin çokluğu ve karmaşıklığı, yorumlanmasında hatalara yol açabilmektedir. Nesnelerinde insanlar gibi düşünmesini sağlama fikri çok uzunca zamandır insanoğlunun aklında yer etmiştir. Verilerin sağlıklı bir şekilde tanımlanıp işlenmesi süresinde yapay zeka uygulamaları kullanılmaktadır. Yapay zekâ insan beyninin mental fonksiyonlarını taklit ederek sağlık alanındaki verileri yorumlama yeteneğine sahiptir. İnsanlar gibi çözümler üretmeyi ve insanların düşünme biçimlerini taklit etmeyi sağlayan bir teknoloji olduğu söylenebilir. Veriler arası uygunluğu tespit etmesi ve yeni verileri kolayca dâhil edilebilmesi literatürdeki çalışmaları yapay zekânın yürüyüş sınıflandırmasında kullanımına yönlendirmiştir. Veri kümesi, yapay zekanın eğitilmesi ve daha sonra yeni verilen verilerin yorumlaması için daha çok olmalıdır. Yapay Zeka Algoritmaları, veri kümesinin çeşidi ile ilişkili yöntemdir. Veri kümesinin çeşitliliğine göre kullanılacak algoritma farklılık gösterebilir. Bu da yapay zekanın öğrenmesi ve yorumlamasındaki başarısını etkileyebilir. Yapay zekâ uygulamasını geliştirmeden önce ilk uygulanacak işlem, veri kümesinden istenilen sonuca göre maksimum performans sağlayacak algoritmanın seçimidir. Algoritma yapay bir sinir ağı olarak verileri işleyip yorumlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, yapay zekâ algoritmaları kullanarak yürüyüşün tespitini ve yürüyüş sınıflandırmasını yapan literatür çalışmaları incelenmiştir. Literatürdeki çalışmaların seçimi yapılırken, algoritma ve bilgisayar teknolojisindeki yenilikler göz önüne alınarak son yıllardaki çalışmalara odaklanılmıştır. Yapay zekâ algoritmalarının yürüyüş sınıflandırmadaki başarısı, en uygun yürüyüş parametresi, ideal ortamın ve algoritmanın belirlenmesi amaçlanmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Makine öğrenme, Sağlıkta yapay zeka, Yapay zeka, Yürüme analizi, Yürüyüş

Classification of Human Gait with Artificial Intelligence: A Systematic Review

Öz

Gait is a gain together the cyclic process studied as phase of posture and oscillation. Gait has features that include time and distance differences in cycles, changes in joints, and muscles. These features personify gait. Gait is subjective approach that is quite difficult to classify and define with naked eye. A lot of data about gait is obtained with development of imaging and sensor technology. The multiplicity and complexity of data can lead to errors in its interpretation. The idea of making things think like humans have been in mind of mankind for a long-time. Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications are used to identify and process data in healthy way. AI is able to interpret data in field of health by mimicking mental functions of human brain. It can be said that there is a technology that allows you to create solutions like humans and mimic way people think. The detection of suitability in data and easy added of new data has led studies in literature to use of AI in gait classification. The dataset should be more for AI training and then interpretation of newly data. The AI algorithm is method associated with dataset and result. The algorithm to be used may vary depending on variety of dataset. It can affect AI learning and accuracy. The first process before developing the application of AI is selection of algorithm that will provide maximum accuracy based on the desired result from dataset. The algorithms process and interprets data so an artificial neural network. In this study, literature studies that detect and classify gait using AI were examined. The selection of studies focused on recent studies, taking into account innovations in algorithms and computer technology. The accuracy of AI in classification is influenced by selection of gait parameter, dataset, and algorithm.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Artificial intelligence, Artificial intelligence in health, Gait, Gait analysis, Machine learning

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