Investigation of the Relationship between Smell and Sleep Quality in Medical Faculty Students

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 3, 364 - 373, 20.12.2022

Arzu Yalçın Ülker Tunca Mustafa Saygın Önder Öztürk Sadettin Çalışkan Yücel Kurt

https://doi.org/10.22312/sdusbed.1088376

Öz

Objective: The relationship between sleep quality and odor in medical faculty students was investigated.

Material-Method: Our study was approved by the clinical research ethics committee. In our cross-sectional study, socio-demographic characteristics questionnaire, Pittsburg sleep quality index (PUKI) and odor-sleep questionnaire were used to evaluate the sleep quality of the medical faculty students of our university.

Results: Our work; 91 (46.9%) female students and 103 (53.1%) male students were included. The mean age of the students included in the study is 21.91±1.94, the income level of the students is 79 (42.2%) 1000 TL and above, 87 (44.8%) people live in apartments, 149 (76.8%) people smoke and 143 (73.7%) people do not use alcohol. 165 (86.4%) of the participants preferred to sleep in a dark environment. Of the students participating in the study, 160 (82.9%) were noise, 149 (77.2%) light, 145 (75.1%) the temperature level of the environment, 122 (63.2%) were physically in bed. structure, 107 (55.4%) polluted environment and 106 (54.9%) bad smell of the environment affected their sleep quality. 89 (45.9%) people agreed with the relationship between smell and sleep, and 70 (36.1%) people agreed with the relationship between smell and memory. The mean of the total PUKI scale in our study was found to be 12.88±5.60. There was a statistically significant difference between the time to sleep in term I and II students (p=0.040), and it was found that the time to sleep was prolonged in term II students. There was a significant difference in the duration of falling asleep between the students who participated in our study, between the semester II and the third semester students (p=0.017). The sleep quality of the students included in our study during falling asleep was found to be statistically significant (p<0,05).

Conclusion: For a quality sleep, it is thought that there may be a connection between the smell and the sleep process.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Medical students, Sleep, Sleep quality, Smell.

Tıp Fakültesi Öğrencilerinde Koku ve Uyku Kalitesi İlişkisinin Araştırılması

Öz

Amaç: Tıp Fakültesi öğrencilerinde uyku kalitesi ve koku arasındaki ilişkinin araştırılması planlandı.
Materyal-Metot: Çalışmamız klinik araştırmalar etik kurulu tarafından onaylandı. Kesitsel tipte olan araştırmamızda üniversitemizin tıp fakültesi öğrencilerine sosyodemografik özellikler anketi, uyku kalitesini değerlendirmeye yönelik Pittsburg uyku kalite indeksi (PUKI) ve koku-uyku anketi uygulandı.
Bulgular: Çalışmamıza; 91 (%46,9) kadın öğrenci ve 103 (%53,1) erkek öğrenci dâhil edildi. Çalışmaya dâhil olan öğrencilerin yaş ortalaması 21,91±1,94, öğrencilerin %42,2’sini (n=79) 1000 TL ve üzerinde kazandığı, 87 (%44,8) kişinin apartta kalmakta dığı, 149 (%76,8) kişinin sigara ve 143 (%73,7) kişinin alkol kullanmadığı tespit edildi. Katılımcılardan 165 (%86,4) kişi karanlık ortamda uyumayı tercih ettiğini belirtti. Çalışmaya katılan öğrencilerin 160 (%82,9)’ı gürültü, 149 (%77,2)’u ışık, 145 (%75,1)’i ortamın ısı düzeyi, 122 (%63,2)’si fiziksel olarak yatak yapısı, 107 (%55,4)’si ortamın kirli olması ve 106 (%54,9)’sı ortamın kötü kokması gibi faktörlerin uyku kalitelerini etkilediğini düşünmekteydi. dü. Koku uyku arasındaki ilişkiye 89 (%45,9) kişi, koku ile hafıza arasında ilişkisine 70 (%36,1) kişi katılıyorum kesinlikle evet cevabını verdi. Çalışmamızdaki toplam PUKİ ölçeği ortalaması 12,88±5,60 olarak bulundu. Dönem I ve II öğrencilerinde uykuya yatış zamanı arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark vardı (p=0,040). Dönem II öğrencilerinde yatış zamanın uzadığı bulundu. Çalışmamıza katılan öğrencilerin dönem II ve dönem III öğrencileri arasında uykuya dalma süresinde anlamlı farklılık bulundu var (p=0,017). Çalışmamıza dâhil olan öğrencilerin uykuya dalma sırasındaki uyku kalitesi istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulundu (p<0,05).
Sonuç: Kaliteli bir uyku için, koku ile uyku süreci arasında bir bağlantı olabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Tıp öğrencileri, Uyku, Uyku kalitesi, Koku.

Kaynakça

• [1] Carlson NR. Fizyolojik Psikoloji: Davranışın Nörolojik Temelleri. Çev. M. Şahin. İstanbul: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık 2000.
• [2] Diego MA, Jones NA, Field T, Hernandez-reif M, Schanberg S, Kuhn C, Galamaga M, McAdam V, Galamaga R. Aromatherapy positively affects mood, eeg patterns of alertness and math computations. International Journal of Neuroscience 1998; 96(3-4), 217-224
• [3] Field T, Diego MA, Hernandez-Reif M, Cisneros W, Feijo L, Vera Y, Gil K, Grina D, Claire HQ. Lavender fragrance cleansing gel effects on relaxation. International Journal of Neuroscience 2005; 115(2), 207-222.
• [4] Ludvigson HW, Rottman TR. Effects of ambient odors of lavender and cloves on cognition, memory, affect and mood. Chemical Senses 1989; 14(4), 525-536.
• [5] Moss M, Cook J, Wesnes K, Duckett P. Aromas of rosemary and lavender essential oils differentially affect cognition and mood in healthy adults. International Journal of Neuroscience 2003; 113(1), 15-38.
• [6] Lawless H, Engen T. Associations to odors: Interference, mnemonic and verbal labelling, Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human learning and memory 1977; vol. 3, no 1, sf. 52.
• [7] Kroupi E, Yazdani A, Vesin JM, Ebrahimi T. EEG correlates of pleasant and unpleasant odor perception, ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing Communications and Applications 2014; vol. 1, Makale No. 13.
• [8] Bastuji H, Perrin F, Garcia-Larrea L. Semantic analysis of auditory input during sleep: studies with event related potentials. Int J Psychophysiol 2002; 46: 243–255, 2.
• [9] Portas CM, Krakow K, Allen P, Josephs O, Armony JL, Frith CD. Auditory processing across the sleep-wake cycle: simultaneous EEG and fMRI monitoring in humans. Neuron 2000; 28: 991–999.
• [10] Terzano MG, Parrino L, Fioriti G, Orofiamma B, Depoortere H. Modifications of sleep structure induced by increasing levels of acoustic perturbation in normal subjects. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1990; 76: 29–38.
• [11] Vallet M, Mouret J. Sleep disturbance due to transportation noise: ear plugs vs. oral drugs. Experientia 1984; 40: 429–437, 1984.
• [12] Velluti RA. Interactions between sleep and sensory physiology. J Sleep Res 1997; 6: 61–77.
• [13] Arzi A, Sela L, Green A, Givaty G, Dagan Y, Sobel N. The influence of odorants on respiratory patterns in sleep. Chem Senses 2010; 35: 31–40.
• [14] Fismer KL, Pilkington K. Lavender and sleep: a systematic review of the evidence. Eur J Integr Med 2012; 4: e436–e447.
• [15] Goel N, Kim H, Lao RP. An olfactory stimulus modifies nighttime sleep in young men and women. Chronobiol Int 2005; 22: 889–904.
• [16] Hardy M, Kirk-Smith MD, Stretch DD. Replacement of drug treatment for insomnia by ambient odour. Lancet 1995; 346: 701.
• [17] McCormick DA, Westbrook GL. Sleep and Dreaming. In Kandel, ER, Schwartz JH, Jessell TM, Siegelbaum SA, Hudspeth AJ eds: Principles of Neural Science. 5. Baskı. New York: Mc Graw Hill; 2013; 1140-1158.
• [18] Sneerson JM. Handbook of sleep medicine. Oxford: Blackwell science Ltd, 2000; 1-15.
• [19] Buysse DJ, Reynolds CF, Monk TH, Berman SR, Kupfer DJ. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: A new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatr Res 1989; 28:193– 213.
• [20] Oginska H, Pokorski J. Fatigue and mood correlates of sleep length in three age-social groups: School children, students, and employees. Chronobiol Int 2006; 23:1317-28.
• [21] Veldi M, Aluoja A, Vasar V. Sleep quality and more common sleep-related problems in medical students. Sleep Med 2005; 6:269-75.
• [22] Azad MC, Fraser K, Rumana N, et al. Sleep disturbances among medical students: a global perspective. J Clin Sleep Med 2015; 11:69–74.
• [23] Altaf M, Altaf F, Iftikhar A, Goha S Yusra. Workload and health problems in medical students. Int J Endorsing Health Sci Res 2013; 1:69-72.
• [24] Abdulghani HM, Alrowais NA, Bin-Saad NS, Al-Subaie NM, Haji AM, Alhaqwi AI. Sleep disorder among medical students: relationship to their academic performance. Med Teach 2012; 34 Suppl 1:S37-41.
• [25] ÜB Semiz, A Algül, C Başoğlu, ve ark. Antisosyal Kişilik Bozukluğu Olan Erkek Bireylerde Subjektif Uyku Kalitesinin Saldırganlık İle İlişkisi. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi 2008; 19: 373-81.
• [26] Yılmaz E, Kutlu AK, Çeçen D. Cerrahi kliniklerinde yatan hastaların uyku durumlarını etkileyen faktörler. Yeni Tıp Dergis 2008; 25(3), 149-156.
• [27] Koulivand PH, Ghadiri KM, Gorji A. Lavender and the Nervous System, Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : eCAM, 2013, 681304.
• [28] Ritter SM, Strick M, Bos MW, Van Baaren RB, Dijksterhuis A. Good morning creativity: Task reactivation during sleep enhances beneficial effect of sleep on creative performance. Journal of Sleep Research 2012; 21(6), 643-647.
• [29] Abdulkadiroğlu Z, Bayramoğlu F, İlhan N. Uyku ve uyku bozuklukları. Genel Tıp Dergisi 1997; 7 (3), 161-166.
• [30] Orzech KM, Salafsky DB, Hamilton LA. The State of Sleep Among College Students at a Large Public University. Journal of American College Health 2011; 59 (7), 612-619.
• [31] Zheng J, Yang L, Chen Q. Effect of physical exercise on sleep quality in medical students. Chinese Journal of Public Health. 2008-03.
• [32] Ghoreishi A, Aghajani AH. Sleep quality in Zanjan university medical students. Tehran University Medical Journal. 2008; 66(1): 61-7.
• [33] Lillehei AS, Halcón LL,Savik K, Reis R. Effect of Inhaled Lavender and Sleep Hygiene on Self-Reported Sleep Issues: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Altern Complement Med. 2015 Jul 1; 21(7): 430–438.