Araştırma Makalesi
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Hemşirelerin Mesleki İmaj Algılarının Belirlenmesi: Tanımlayıcı-Kesitsel Bir Araştırma

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 3, 382 - 392, 20.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.22312/sdusbed.1104340

Öz

Amaç: Hemşirelik imajı, genel olarak toplum, hemşirelik öğrencileri ve hemşireler olmak üzere üçlü bir saç ayağı üzerine kurulmuştur. Her saç ayağının hemşireliği nasıl algıladığını belirlemek, mesleki imajı geliştirmek için oldukça önemlidir. Bu araştırmada, İstanbul’da özel bir hastane grubunda çalışan hemşirelerin hemşirelik imajı algılarını belirlemek amaçlanmıştır.

Materyal-Metot: Tanımlayıcı- ilişki arayıcı araştırma, İstanbul’da özel bir vakıf üniversitesine bağlı dört hastanede çalışan 428 hemşire ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kişisel Bilgi Formu ve Hemşirelik Mesleğine Yönelik İmaj Ölçeğini içeren öz bildirime dayalı bir anket aracılığıyla rasgele örnekleme yöntemi kullanılarak veriler toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, Mann-Whitney U testi ve Kruskal Wallis-H varyans analizi kullanılmıştır.

Bulgular: Hemşireler, 210 puan üzerinden 169 (160-177) medyan puanı ile genel olarak hemşirelik imajını olumlu olarak algılamıştır. Cinsiyet ve mesleki statü alt boyutlarına yönelik hemşirelik imajı, sırasıyla 23 (19-28) ve 19 (17-22) medyan puanları ile diğer alt boyutlara göre daha olumsuz algılanmıştır. Kadın (p=0,007), 22 yaşından genç (p=0,001), mesleki deneyim süresi bir yılın altında olan (p=0,002), haftada 55 saatten fazla çalışan (p=0,000) ve hemşireliği kariyer olarak tekrar seçmek için isteksiz olan (p=0,001) hemşirelerin, hemşirelik imajını daha olumsuz algıladıkları belirlenmiştir.

Sonuç: Bu çalışmanın sonuçları, özel bir hastane grubunda çalışan hemşirelerin, cinsiyet ve mesleki durum dışında, hemşirelik imajına ilişkin olumlu algılarının yüksek düzeyde olduğunu göstermiştir. Hemşirelik yönetimine toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliği bakış açısının yansıtılması, hemşirelik için sadece lisans hemşirelerin istihdam edilmesi ve etkin bir çalışma takviminin planlanması önerilmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • [1] World Health Organization. 2020. State of the world’s nursing report. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240003279 (Accessed Date: 15 March 2022).
  • [2] Kalisch, P., Kalisch B. 1987. The Changing Image of the Nurse. Menlo Park, California: Addison-Wesley Publishing
  • [3] Emeghebo, L. 2012. The İmage of Nursing as Perceived by Nurses. Nurse Education Today, 32(6), 49-53.
  • [4] Varaei, S., Vaismoradi, M., Jasper, M., Faghihzadeh, S. 2012. Iranian Nurses’ Self-Perception Factors İnfluencing Nursing Image. Journal of Nursing Management, 20(4), 551-560.
  • [5] Bakalis N. A., Mastrogianni, E., Melista, E., Kiekkas, P. 2015. The İmage and Profile of the Nursing Profession in Greece High School Students, Nursing Students and Nurses. International Journal of Nursing & Clinical Practices, 2, 125-129.
  • [6] Masih, S., Gulzar, L. 2018. Association of Nurses’ Self-Perception about their Public İmage and Their Job Satisfaction in Tertiary Care Hospitals, Karachi, Pakistan. International Journal of Advanced Nursing Studies, 7(1), 55-61.
  • [7] Abdelrahman, S.M. 2018. Relationship Among Public Nursing Image, Self-İmage, and Self-Esteem of Nurses. IOSR Journal of Nursing and Health Science, 7(1), 10-16.
  • [8] Pushpinder, K., Maheshwari, S. K., Rawat, H. C. 2017. Impact of Self-Perceived Public İmage of Nursing on Nurses’ Work Behavior. International Journal of Psychiatric Nursing, 3(2), 6-11.
  • [9] Velioğlu, P. 1985. Hemşirelikte Bilimselleşmeye Doğru. Istanbul: Bozok Yayıncılık.
  • [10] Türkiye Health Ministry. 2019. Türkiye Health Statistics Yearbook. https://sbsgm.saglik.gov.tr/Eklenti/40564/0/saglik-istatistikleri-yilligi-2019pdf.pdf (Accessed Date: 15 March 2022).
  • [11] Kocaman, G., Arslan Yurumezoglu, H. 2015. Situation Analysis of Nursing Education in Türkiye: Nursing Education with Numbers (1996-2015). Journal of Higher Education and Science, 5(3), 255-262.
  • [12] Yıldırım, A. 2014. Sağlık Sistemi ve Yönetim İlkeleri Işığında Hemşirelik. Ankara: Hedef Yayıncılık.
  • [13] Sis Çelik, A., Pasinlioğlu, T., Kocabeyoğlu, T., Çetin, S. 2013. Determination of the Image of the Nursing Profession in Community. Florence Nightingale Journal of Nursing, 21 (3), 147-153.
  • [14] Keçeci, A., Çelik Durmuş, S., Oruç, D., Öner Kapısız, Ö. 2014. The Society’s View of Nursing in Türkiye Hospital Topics, 92(2), 36-43.
  • [15] Tarhan, M. T., Doğan, P., Kürklü, A. 2021. Nursing’s Public Image in Istanbul: Comparison Between Generations. Ss 301-316. Eti Aslan, F., Kurtulan, G., Yalın, H. ed. 2021. Scientific Researches in Health Sciences II, Berlin: Peter Lang.
  • [16] Kızılcık Özkan, Z., Ünver, S., Avcıbaşı, I. M., Semerci, R., Yıldız Fındık, U. 2017. Professional Image Perception of A Group of Nursing Students. Hemşirelikte Araştırma Geliştirme Dergisi, 19(1), 38-47.
  • [17] Sümen, A., Teskereci, G., Aksoy, S., Ergen, Z., Ala, M., Üzüm, F. 2022. Examining Perceptions and Attitudes of Nursing Students Regarding Their Image of Nursing Profession. Ordu University Journal of Nursing Studies, 5(1), 75-83.
  • [18] Seval, M., Sönmez, M. 2020. Relationship Between the Attitudes and Image Perceptions of Nursing Students’ Profession. Sağlık Akademisi Kastamonu, 5(1), 19-35.
  • [19] Karaman, F., Çakmak, S., Yerebakan, A. N. 2020. Professional Image Perceptions of Nursing Students and Determining Affecting Factors. Istanbul Gelişim University Journal of Health Sciences, 11, 217-219.
  • [20] Dönmez, S., Akdolun Balkaya, N. 2021. Young Nurses’ Choice and Perception of the Image of the Nursing Profession. International Anatolia Academic Online Journal Health Sciences, 7(2), 1-14.
  • [21] Yılmaz Gören, S., Şahinoğlu, S. 2018. The Nurse Phenomenon in Turkish Cinema. Dokuz Eylül University Nursing Faculty Electronic Journal, 11(3), 250-6.
  • [22] Sarı, M. 2019. Hemşirelerin mesleğine yönelik imaj ve mesleki bağlılık algısı. Marmara Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 101s, İstanbul.
  • [23] Sezer, T. A., Esenay, F. I., Korkmaz, G. 2017. Occupational Image of Pediatric Nurses: Professional or Traditional? Hemşirelikte Araştırma Geliştirme Dergisi, 19(3), 45-54.
  • [24] Aşçı, B. 2017. Cerrahi servislerinde çalışan hemşirelerin hemşirelik imajı ve etkileyen faktörler. Okan Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 50s, İstanbul. [25] Dost, A., Bahcecik, N. 2015. Developing A Scale for the Image of Nursing Profession. Journal of Academic Research in Nursing, 1(2), 51-59.
  • [26] Grinberg, K., Sela, Y. 2022. Perception of the Image of the Nursing Profession and Its Relationship with Quality of Care. BMC Nursing, 21(1), 57-65.
  • [27] Ndirangu, E. W., Sarki, A. M., Mbekenga, C., Edwards, G. 2021. Professional Image of Nursing and Midwifery in East Africa: An Exploratory Analysis. BMC Nursing, 20(1), 37-47. [28] Roshangar, F., Soheil, A., Moghbeli, G., Wiseman, T., Feizollahzadeh, H., Gilani, N. 2021. Iranian Nurses' Perception of the Public Image of Nursing and Its Association with Their Quality of Working Life. Nursing Open, 8(6), 3441-3451.
  • [29] Ha, D., Nuntaboot, K. 2016. Perceptions of How Negative Nursing Image Impacts on Nursing Care and Nursing Competency Development, 4th Asian Academic Society International Conference (AASIC), 254-262.
  • [30] Ingwu, J. A., Ohaeri, B. M., Iroka, O. L. 2016. The Professional Image of Nursing as Perceived Nurses Working in Tertiary Hospitals, Enugu, Southeast Nigeria. African Journal of Nursing and Midwifery, 4(1), 595-602.
  • [31] Gunawan, J., Aungsuroch, Y., Sukarna, A., Nazliansyah, Efendi, F. 2018. The Image of Nursing as Perceived by Nurses: A phenomenological Study. Nursing and Midwifery Studies, 7, 180-185.
  • [32] Başaran, F., Köşgeroğlu, N. 2020. Reflections of Gender Inequality on Nursing Profession. Gümüşhane University Journal of Health Sciences, 9(3), 293-299.
  • [33] Gönç T. 2017. Türkiye’de Erkek Hemşire Olmak: Avantajlar ve Dezavantajlar. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi, 72(1), 35-76.
  • [34] Takase, M., Maude, P., Manias, E. 2006. Impact of the Perceived Public Image of Nursing on Nurses’ Work Behavior. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 53(3), 333-343.
  • [35] Council of Higher Education. 2019. Student Statistics. https://istatistik.yok.gov.tr/ (Accessed Date: 15 March 2022).
  • [36] Duchscher, J. E. 2009. Transition Shock: The Initial Stage of Role Adaptation for Newly Graduated Registered Nurses. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 65(5), 1103-1113
  • [37] Wei, H., Sewell, K. A., Woody, G., Rose, M. A. 2018. The State of the Science of Nurse Work Environments in the United States: A Systematic Review. International Journal of Nursing Science, 5(3), 287-300.
  • [38] Alotaibi, J., Paliadelis, P. S., Valenzula, F. R. 2015. Factors that Affect the Job Satisfaction of Saudi Arabian Nurses. Journal of Nursing Management, 24(3), 275-282.

Determining Nurses’ Professional Image Perceptions: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 3, 382 - 392, 20.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.22312/sdusbed.1104340

Öz

Objective: The nursing image is built on a tripod of the public, nursing students, and nurses. Determining how each leg of this tripod perceives the nursing is crucial to improving the professional image. This study aimed to determine the nursing image perceptions among nurses at a private hospital group in Istanbul.

Material-Method: This descriptive-cross-sectional study was carried out with 428 nurses at four private hospitals affiliated with a foundation university in Istanbul. Data were collected through a random sampling method using a self-administered questionnaire, including a personal information form, and The Image Scale for Nursing Profession. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U test, and Kruskal Wallis-H variance analysis.

Results: Nurses generally perceived the nursing image as positive with a median score of 169 (160-177) out of 210. Nursing image for gender and professional status subscales was perceived more negatively than others, with median scores of 23 (19-28) and 19 (17-22), respectively. Nurses who were female (p=0.007), younger than 22 years (p=0.001), unwilling to re-choose nursing as a career (p=0.001), had professional experience less than a year (p=0.002), and worked more than 55 hours a week (p=0.000) perceived nursing image more negatively.

Conclusion: The results of this study showed that nurses working at a private hospital group had positive perceptions of the nursing image at a high level, except in terms of gender and professional status. Reflecting a gender equality perspective on nursing management, employing only undergraduate nurses for nursing, and planning an effective work schedule are recommended.

Kaynakça

  • [1] World Health Organization. 2020. State of the world’s nursing report. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240003279 (Accessed Date: 15 March 2022).
  • [2] Kalisch, P., Kalisch B. 1987. The Changing Image of the Nurse. Menlo Park, California: Addison-Wesley Publishing
  • [3] Emeghebo, L. 2012. The İmage of Nursing as Perceived by Nurses. Nurse Education Today, 32(6), 49-53.
  • [4] Varaei, S., Vaismoradi, M., Jasper, M., Faghihzadeh, S. 2012. Iranian Nurses’ Self-Perception Factors İnfluencing Nursing Image. Journal of Nursing Management, 20(4), 551-560.
  • [5] Bakalis N. A., Mastrogianni, E., Melista, E., Kiekkas, P. 2015. The İmage and Profile of the Nursing Profession in Greece High School Students, Nursing Students and Nurses. International Journal of Nursing & Clinical Practices, 2, 125-129.
  • [6] Masih, S., Gulzar, L. 2018. Association of Nurses’ Self-Perception about their Public İmage and Their Job Satisfaction in Tertiary Care Hospitals, Karachi, Pakistan. International Journal of Advanced Nursing Studies, 7(1), 55-61.
  • [7] Abdelrahman, S.M. 2018. Relationship Among Public Nursing Image, Self-İmage, and Self-Esteem of Nurses. IOSR Journal of Nursing and Health Science, 7(1), 10-16.
  • [8] Pushpinder, K., Maheshwari, S. K., Rawat, H. C. 2017. Impact of Self-Perceived Public İmage of Nursing on Nurses’ Work Behavior. International Journal of Psychiatric Nursing, 3(2), 6-11.
  • [9] Velioğlu, P. 1985. Hemşirelikte Bilimselleşmeye Doğru. Istanbul: Bozok Yayıncılık.
  • [10] Türkiye Health Ministry. 2019. Türkiye Health Statistics Yearbook. https://sbsgm.saglik.gov.tr/Eklenti/40564/0/saglik-istatistikleri-yilligi-2019pdf.pdf (Accessed Date: 15 March 2022).
  • [11] Kocaman, G., Arslan Yurumezoglu, H. 2015. Situation Analysis of Nursing Education in Türkiye: Nursing Education with Numbers (1996-2015). Journal of Higher Education and Science, 5(3), 255-262.
  • [12] Yıldırım, A. 2014. Sağlık Sistemi ve Yönetim İlkeleri Işığında Hemşirelik. Ankara: Hedef Yayıncılık.
  • [13] Sis Çelik, A., Pasinlioğlu, T., Kocabeyoğlu, T., Çetin, S. 2013. Determination of the Image of the Nursing Profession in Community. Florence Nightingale Journal of Nursing, 21 (3), 147-153.
  • [14] Keçeci, A., Çelik Durmuş, S., Oruç, D., Öner Kapısız, Ö. 2014. The Society’s View of Nursing in Türkiye Hospital Topics, 92(2), 36-43.
  • [15] Tarhan, M. T., Doğan, P., Kürklü, A. 2021. Nursing’s Public Image in Istanbul: Comparison Between Generations. Ss 301-316. Eti Aslan, F., Kurtulan, G., Yalın, H. ed. 2021. Scientific Researches in Health Sciences II, Berlin: Peter Lang.
  • [16] Kızılcık Özkan, Z., Ünver, S., Avcıbaşı, I. M., Semerci, R., Yıldız Fındık, U. 2017. Professional Image Perception of A Group of Nursing Students. Hemşirelikte Araştırma Geliştirme Dergisi, 19(1), 38-47.
  • [17] Sümen, A., Teskereci, G., Aksoy, S., Ergen, Z., Ala, M., Üzüm, F. 2022. Examining Perceptions and Attitudes of Nursing Students Regarding Their Image of Nursing Profession. Ordu University Journal of Nursing Studies, 5(1), 75-83.
  • [18] Seval, M., Sönmez, M. 2020. Relationship Between the Attitudes and Image Perceptions of Nursing Students’ Profession. Sağlık Akademisi Kastamonu, 5(1), 19-35.
  • [19] Karaman, F., Çakmak, S., Yerebakan, A. N. 2020. Professional Image Perceptions of Nursing Students and Determining Affecting Factors. Istanbul Gelişim University Journal of Health Sciences, 11, 217-219.
  • [20] Dönmez, S., Akdolun Balkaya, N. 2021. Young Nurses’ Choice and Perception of the Image of the Nursing Profession. International Anatolia Academic Online Journal Health Sciences, 7(2), 1-14.
  • [21] Yılmaz Gören, S., Şahinoğlu, S. 2018. The Nurse Phenomenon in Turkish Cinema. Dokuz Eylül University Nursing Faculty Electronic Journal, 11(3), 250-6.
  • [22] Sarı, M. 2019. Hemşirelerin mesleğine yönelik imaj ve mesleki bağlılık algısı. Marmara Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 101s, İstanbul.
  • [23] Sezer, T. A., Esenay, F. I., Korkmaz, G. 2017. Occupational Image of Pediatric Nurses: Professional or Traditional? Hemşirelikte Araştırma Geliştirme Dergisi, 19(3), 45-54.
  • [24] Aşçı, B. 2017. Cerrahi servislerinde çalışan hemşirelerin hemşirelik imajı ve etkileyen faktörler. Okan Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 50s, İstanbul. [25] Dost, A., Bahcecik, N. 2015. Developing A Scale for the Image of Nursing Profession. Journal of Academic Research in Nursing, 1(2), 51-59.
  • [26] Grinberg, K., Sela, Y. 2022. Perception of the Image of the Nursing Profession and Its Relationship with Quality of Care. BMC Nursing, 21(1), 57-65.
  • [27] Ndirangu, E. W., Sarki, A. M., Mbekenga, C., Edwards, G. 2021. Professional Image of Nursing and Midwifery in East Africa: An Exploratory Analysis. BMC Nursing, 20(1), 37-47. [28] Roshangar, F., Soheil, A., Moghbeli, G., Wiseman, T., Feizollahzadeh, H., Gilani, N. 2021. Iranian Nurses' Perception of the Public Image of Nursing and Its Association with Their Quality of Working Life. Nursing Open, 8(6), 3441-3451.
  • [29] Ha, D., Nuntaboot, K. 2016. Perceptions of How Negative Nursing Image Impacts on Nursing Care and Nursing Competency Development, 4th Asian Academic Society International Conference (AASIC), 254-262.
  • [30] Ingwu, J. A., Ohaeri, B. M., Iroka, O. L. 2016. The Professional Image of Nursing as Perceived Nurses Working in Tertiary Hospitals, Enugu, Southeast Nigeria. African Journal of Nursing and Midwifery, 4(1), 595-602.
  • [31] Gunawan, J., Aungsuroch, Y., Sukarna, A., Nazliansyah, Efendi, F. 2018. The Image of Nursing as Perceived by Nurses: A phenomenological Study. Nursing and Midwifery Studies, 7, 180-185.
  • [32] Başaran, F., Köşgeroğlu, N. 2020. Reflections of Gender Inequality on Nursing Profession. Gümüşhane University Journal of Health Sciences, 9(3), 293-299.
  • [33] Gönç T. 2017. Türkiye’de Erkek Hemşire Olmak: Avantajlar ve Dezavantajlar. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi, 72(1), 35-76.
  • [34] Takase, M., Maude, P., Manias, E. 2006. Impact of the Perceived Public Image of Nursing on Nurses’ Work Behavior. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 53(3), 333-343.
  • [35] Council of Higher Education. 2019. Student Statistics. https://istatistik.yok.gov.tr/ (Accessed Date: 15 March 2022).
  • [36] Duchscher, J. E. 2009. Transition Shock: The Initial Stage of Role Adaptation for Newly Graduated Registered Nurses. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 65(5), 1103-1113
  • [37] Wei, H., Sewell, K. A., Woody, G., Rose, M. A. 2018. The State of the Science of Nurse Work Environments in the United States: A Systematic Review. International Journal of Nursing Science, 5(3), 287-300.
  • [38] Alotaibi, J., Paliadelis, P. S., Valenzula, F. R. 2015. Factors that Affect the Job Satisfaction of Saudi Arabian Nurses. Journal of Nursing Management, 24(3), 275-282.
Toplam 36 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Merve Tarhan 0000-0002-9841-4708

Pınar Doğan 0000-0002-3566-7070

Esengül Elibol 0000-0002-8920-5306

Yayımlanma Tarihi 20 Aralık 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 15 Nisan 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 13 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Tarhan M, Doğan P, Elibol E. Determining Nurses’ Professional Image Perceptions: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2022;13(3):382-9.

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