TÜRKİYE’DE NÖROLOJİK HASTALIKLARA ATFEDİLEN ENGELLİLİĞE GÖRE AYARLANMIŞ YAŞAM YILLARININ (DALY’LERİN) EKONOMİK YÜKÜNÜN BELİRLENMESİ

Öz

Bu çalışma, Türkiye’de 1990–2023 döneminde nörolojik hastalıklara bağlı Engelliliğe Göre Ayarlanmış Yaşam Yılları (Disability-Adjusted Life Years; DALY) kayıplarının ekonomik değerinin tahmin edilmesi amaçlamaktadır. Analiz, hastalık yükü metodolojisi ve beşerî sermaye yaklaşımı çerçevesinde yürütülmüş; DALY değerleri kişi başına ekonomik katkı ile çarpılarak üretkenlik kaybına dayalı parasal karşılıklara dönüştürülmüştür. Bulgular, nörolojik hastalıklara atfedilen toplam ekonomik yükün 1990 yılında yaklaşık 172 milyon dolardan 2023 yılında 221 milyon dolara yükseldiğini göstermektedir. Bu ekonomik kaybın Gayri Safi Yurt İçi Hasıla (GSYİH) içindeki payı 1990’ların başında %1,0–1,3 aralığında seyrederken, GSYİH’nin hastalık yüküne kıyasla daha hızlı büyümesi nedeniyle 2000’li yılların ortasında yaklaşık %0,3 düzeyine gerilemiştir. Baş ağrısı bozuklukları ve Alzheimer hastalığı analiz edilen dönem boyunca en yüksek ekonomik yükü oluşturan hastalık gruplarıdır. Ekonomik kaybın büyük bölümünün Engellilikle Yaşanan Yıllar (Years Lived with Disability; YLD) bileşeninden kaynaklanması, nörolojik hastalıkların ekonomik etkisinin esas olarak uzun süreli engellilikten doğduğunu ve engelliliği azaltmaya yönelik maliyet-etkili müdahalelerin önceliklendirilmesi gerektiğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Anahtar Kelimeler: Nörolojik Hastalıklar
• Hastalık Yükü
• Engelliliğe Göre Ayarlanmış Yaşam Yılları (DALY)
• İnsan Sermayesi Yaklaşımı

Destekleyen Kurum

Çalışmada herhangi bir kurum ya da kuruluştan destek alınmamıştır.

Etik Beyan

Bu çalışma, kamuya açık ve anonimleştirilmiş ikincil veri kaynaklarından (IHME/GBD, TÜİK, OECD, Dünya Bankası vb.) elde edilen veriler kullanılarak yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada herhangi bir insan veya hayvan deneğiyle doğrudan temas, klinik uygulama veya müdahale söz konusu olmadığından etik kurul onayı gerektirmemektedir.

THE ECONOMIC BURDEN OF DISABILITY-ADJUSTED LIFE YEARS (DALYs) ATTRIBUTABLE TO NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS IN TÜRKİYE

Öz

This study estimates the economic value of Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) attributable to neurological disorders in Türkiye between 1990 and 2023. The analysis was conducted within the burden of disease framework and the human capital approach; DALY estimates were multiplied by per capita economic output to convert productivity losses into monetary values. Findings show that the total economic burden increased from approximately USD 172 million in 1990 to USD 221 million in 2023. Although this loss accounted for 1.0–1.3% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in the early 1990s, its share declined to around 0.3% by the mid-2000s as GDP grew faster than disease burden. Headache disorders and Alzheimer’s disease were the leading contributors throughout the study period. The predominance of Years Lived with Disability (YLD) indicates that the economic impact is mainly driven by long-term disability, highlighting the need for cost-effective disability-reducing interventions.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Neurological Disorders
• Burden of Disease
• Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALY)
• Human Capital Approach

Destekleyen Kurum

The research was not supported by any institution.

Etik Beyan

This study assesses the economic value of Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) attributable to neurological disorders in Türkiye between 1990 and 2023. Using the burden of disease framework and the human capital approach, DALYs were monetized by multiplying them by per capita economic contribution to estimate productivity losses. The findings show that the total economic burden of neurological diseases increased from approximately USD 172 million in 1990 to USD 221 million in 2023. While the absolute burden rose, its share of gross domestic product (GDP) declined from about 1.0–1.3% in the early 1990s to nearly 0.3% in the mid-2000s. Headache disorders and Alzheimer’s disease were the leading contributors to the overall economic burden throughout the study period. The dominance of the Years Lived with Disability (YLD) component indicates that long-term disability, rather than premature mortality, constitutes the primary driver of economic losses associated with neurological diseases, emphasizing the need for cost-effective disability-reducing interventions in health policy.

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