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THE GREAT RESIGNATION AMONG HEALTHCARE WORKERS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: CAUSES AND STRATEGIC SOLUTIONS

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 198 - 219

İpek Camuz Berber , Ramazan Erdem

Öz

Healthcare workers, as one of the most critical resources of healthcare systems, have been at the forefront during the pandemic, facing challenges such as excessive workload, burnout, lack of work-life balance, and perceived insufficient institutional support. These factors have reduced job satisfaction among healthcare workers, leading them to reconsider their career decisions and bringing the phenomenon of the “Great Resignation” to the forefront in the healthcare sector. The increased workload and risky working conditions during the pandemic have made workforce losses in the healthcare sector more pronounced compared to other sectors. This study aims to examine, from a conceptual perspective, the factors leading healthcare workers to resign due to the challenging working conditions created by the COVID-19 pandemic. In this context, the study seeks to evaluate in detail fundamental factors affecting healthcare workers’ decisions to leave and to develop strategic recommendations aimed at preserving the workforce in the healthcare sector.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Büyük İstifa COVID-19 Pandemi Sağlık Çalışanı

Kaynakça

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COVID-19 PANDEMİSİ SÜRECİNDE SAĞLIK ÇALIŞANLARINDA BÜYÜK İSTİFA SORUNU: NEDENLER VE ÇÖZÜM ÖNERİLERİ

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 198 - 219

İpek Camuz Berber , Ramazan Erdem

Öz

Sağlık sistemlerinin en önemli kaynaklarından biri olan sağlık çalışanları, COVID-19 pandemisi süresince ön saflarda yer alarak aşırı iş yükü, tükenmişlik, iş-yaşam dengesi eksiklikleri ve algılanan kurumsal destek yetersizliği gibi zorluklarla mücadele etmişlerdir. Bu faktörler, sağlık çalışanlarının iş doyumunu azaltarak kariyer kararlarını yeniden değerlendirmelerine yol açmış ve sağlık sektöründe “Büyük İstifa” olgusunu gündeme getirmiştir. Pandemiyle birlikte artan iş yükü ve riskli çalışma koşulları, sağlık sektöründeki iş gücü kayıplarını diğer sektörlere kıyasla daha belirgin hale getirmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı sağlık sisteminin en önemli kaynaklarından biri olan sağlık çalışanlarının, COVID-19 pandemisinin yarattığı zorlu çalışma koşulları nedeniyle istifa etmelerine yol açan faktörleri kavramsal açıdan incelemektir. Bu kapsamda, sağlık sektöründe yaşanabilecek olası personel eksikliklerinin önüne geçebilmek için iş yükü, tükenmişlik, şiddet gibi sağlık çalışanlarının işten ayrılma kararlarını etkileyen temel unsurların kavramsal açıdan ele alınarak ayrıntılı olarak değerlendirilmesi ve iş gücünü korumaya yönelik stratejik öneriler geliştirilmesi hedeflenmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Büyük İstifa COVID-19 Pandemi Sağlık Çalışanı

Kaynakça

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  • Kuhlmann, E., Brînzac, M. G., Czabanowska, K., Falkenbach, M., Ungureanu, M. I., Valiotis, G., ... & Martin-Moreno, J. M. (2023). Violence against healthcare workers is a political problem and a public health issue: A call to action. European Journal of Public Health, 33(1), 4-5.
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  • Kuzior, A., Kettler, K. & Rąb, Ł. (2022). Great resignation—ethical, cultural, relational, and personal dimensions of generation Y and Z employees’ engagement. Sustainability, 14(11), 6764.
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  • Lancet (2020). Protecting Chinese doctors. Lancet, Editorial, 395(10218), 90.
  • Linzer, M., Griffiths, E. P. & Feldman, M. D. (2022). Responding to the great resignation: detoxify and rebuild the culture. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 37(16), 4276-4277.
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  • Monteiro, W. F., Lima, K. J. V., Ferreira, D. S., Andrade, L. L. C. D. & Ramos, F. R. S. (2023). Existing workloads among managers and healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: Meanings in the Amazon context. Plos one, 18(10), e0292541.
  • Moon, Y. K., O’Brien, K. E. & Mann, K. J. (2023). The role of extraversion in the great resignation: A burnout-quitting process during the pandemic. Personality and Individual Differences, 205, 112074.
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  • Neely-Barnes, S., Hirschi, M., Taylor, L., Delavega, E., Malone, C., Shelley, S. A., ... & Harris, M. (2023). The great resignation and its impact in behavioral health and social services. Human Service Organizations: Management, Leadership & Governance, 48(2), 150-163.
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  • Poon, Y. S. R., Lin, Y. P., Griffiths, P., Yong, K. K., Seah, B. & Liaw, S. Y. (2022). A global overview of healthcare workers’ turnover intention amid COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review with future directions. Human Resources For Health, 20(1), 70.
  • Popowitz, E., Bellemare, T. & Tieche, M. (2022). Addressing the healthcare staffing shortage: An exploration of why the industry is losing thousands of workers, and how that’s putting the health of healthcare at risk. A Definitive Healthcare report, Definitive Healthcare.
  • Razu, S. R., Yasmin, T., Arif, T. B., Islam, M. S., Islam, S. M. S., Gesesew, H. A. & Ward, P. (2021). Challenges faced by healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative inquiry from Bangladesh. Frontiers in public health, 9, 647315.
  • Reißmann, S., Wirth, T., Beringer, V., Groneberg, D. A., Nienhaus, A., Harth, V. & Mache, S. (2023). “I think we still do too little”: Measures to prevent violence and aggression in German emergency departments–a qualitative study. BMC health services research, 23(1), 97.
  • Roche, M., Diers, D., Duffield, C. & Catling‐Paull, C. (2010). Violence toward nurses, the work environment, and patient outcomes. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 42(1), 13-22.
  • Rodríguez-Bolaños, R., Cartujano-Barrera, F., Cartujano, B., Flores, Y.N., Cupertino, A.P. & Gallegos-Carrillo, K. (2020). The urgent need to address violence against health workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Medical Care, 58(7):663. Doı: 10.1097/Mlr.0000000000001365
  • Said, R. & El-Shafei, D., 2020. Occupational stress, job satisfaction, and intent to leave: nurses working on front lines during COVID-19 pandemic in Zagazig City, Egypt. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28(7), 8791-8801.
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  • SASAM Enstitüsü (Sağlık-Sen Stratejik Araştırmalar Merkezi Enstitüsü) (2021). COVID-19 ile mücadelede sağlık çalışanları araştırması-2,. Sağlık-Sen Yayınları – 53, Ankara.
  • Shah, M. K., Gandrakota, N., Cimiotti, J. P., Ghose, N., Moore, M. & Ali, M. K. (2021). Prevalence of and factors associated with nurse burnout in the US. JAMA Network Open, 4(2), e2036469-e2036469.
  • Sheather, J. & Slattery, D. (2021). The great resignation-How do we support and retain staff already stretched to their limit? BMJ, n2533.
  • Shoja, E., Aghamohammadi, V., Bazyar, H., Moghaddam, H. R., Nasiri, K., Dashti, M., ... & Asgari, A. (2020). Covid-19 effects on the workload of Iranian healthcare workers. BMC Public Health, 20, 1-7.
  • Sinsky, C. A., Brown, R. L., Stillman, M. J. & Linzer, M. (2021). COVID-related stress and work intentions in a sample of US health care workers. Mayo Clinic Proceedings: Innovations, Quality & Outcomes, 5(6), 1165-1173.
  • Sinsky, C., Dyrbye, L., West, C., Satele, D., Tutty, M. & Shanafelt, T. (2017). Professional satisfaction and career plans of U.S. physicians. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 92(11), 1625-1635.
  • Smith, C. (2020). The structural vulnerability of healthcare workers during COVID-19: Observations on the social context of risk and the equitable distribution of resources. Social Science and Medicine, 258: 1-4.
  • Sosyo Politik Saha Araştırma Merkezi (2020). Dı̇yarbakır’da Görev Yapan Sağlık Personellerı̇nin Pandemı̇ Sürecı̇nden Etkı̇lenı̇mlerı̇ ve Önerı̇lerı̇ Saha Çalışma Raporu, Ağustos 2020.
  • Superstaff (2024). Everything you need to know about “the great resignation”. https://www.superstaff.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/The_Great_Resignation.pdf adresinden 12 Kasım 2024 tarihinde alınmıştır.
  • Tan, C. (2021). More healthcare workers in S’pore quit amid growing fatigue as COVID-19 drags on. https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/politics/more-healthcare-workers-in-spore-resigning-amid-growing-fatigue-as-covid-19-drags adresinden 10 Kasım 2024 tarihinde alınmıştır.
  • TTB (2020). Hekimlerin istifası yasaklandı mı? https://www.ttb.org.tr/haber_goster.php?Guid=4c71e674-1d0f-11eb-9f63-b7e1409e57db adresinden 2 Ekim 2024 tarihinde alınmıştır.
  • Türkiye Psikiyatri Derneği (2020). Türkiye Psikiyatri Derneği sağlık çalışanlarına destek hattı açıldı. https://psikiyatri.org.tr/2174/turkiye-psikiyatri-dernegi-saglik-calisanlarina-destek-hatti-acildi adresinden 15 Kasım 2024 tarihinde alınmıştır.
  • URL-1. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (2024). Job openings and labor turnover, Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted https://www.bls.gov/news.release/jolts.toc.htm adresinden 5 Ekim 2024 tarihinde alınmıştır.
  • URL-2. https://www.bbc.com/turkce/haberler-dunya-54603919 adresinden 8 Ekim 2024 tarihinde alınmıştır. URL-3. https://medimagazin.com.tr/koronavirus/saglik-bakani-acikladi-2-bin-412-doktor-istifa-etti-522-doktor-ozel-hastanelere-gecti-94232 adresinden 8 Ekim 2024 tarihinde alınmıştır.
  • URL-4. https://t24.com.tr/haber/turk-tabipleri-birligi-18-ayda-8-binin-uzerinde-hekim-istifa-etti,982793 adresinden 15 Ekim 2024 tarihinde alınmıştır.
  • URL-5. https://www.theguardian.com/society/2021/may/03/nhs-faces-exodus-doctors-covid-pandemic-survey adresinden 10 Ekim 2024 tarihinde alınmıştır.
  • URL-6. https://news.ontario.ca/en/release/1005369/ontario-continuing-to-support-and-grow-its-nursing-workforce adresinden 8 Kasım 2024 tarihinde alınmıştır.
  • URL-7. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/quebec-recruit-foreign-nurses-1.6353552 adresinden 8 Kasım 2024 tarihinde alınmıştır.
  • URL-8. https://medicine.nus.edu.sg/nursing/2022/05/keep-calm-and-carry-on-virtual-reality-helps-medical-and-nursing-students-manage-agitated-patients-with-empathy/ adresinden 15 Kasım 2024 tarihinde alınmıştır.
  • URL-8. https://www.saglik.gov.tr/TR-64688/32-bin-personel-alimina-iliskin-yapilan-aciklama.html adresinden 8 Kasım 2024 tarihinde alınmıştır.
  • Wankhede, P., Wanjari, M., Late, S. & Rodge, H. (2021). Challenges faced by healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A review. Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International, 33(53B): 89-92.
  • WHO (2021). The impact of COVID-19 on health and care workers: A closer look at deaths. Health Workforce Department–Working Paper 1, September 2021, WHO/HWF/WorkingPaper/2021.1, Geneva.
  • WHO (2024). Preventing violence against health workers. https://www.who.int/activities/preventing-violence-against-health-workers/1000 adresinden 6 Ekim 2024 tarihinde alınmıştır.
  • WHO & ILO (2003). Workplace violence in the health sector country case studies research instruments. Joint Programme on Workplace Violence in the Health Sector. who-quit-a-job-in-2021-cite-low-pay-no-opportunities-for-advancement- feeling-disrespected adresinden 6 Ekim 2024 tarihinde alınmıştır.
  • Williams, G. A., Scarpetti, G., Bezzina, A., Vincenti, K., Grech, K., Kowalska-Bobko, I., ... & Maier, C. B. (2020). How are countries supporting their health workers during COVID-19? Eurohealth, 26(2), 58-62.
  • Williams, G. A., Scarpetti, G., Langins, M., Callies, I., Fourcade, A., van Ginneken, E. & Maier, C. B. (2022). Human resources for health during COVID-19: Supporting and protecting health workers. Eurohealth, 28(1), 24-28.
  • Yang Y., Wang P., Kelifa M.O., Wang, B., Liu, M., Lu, L., & Wang, W. (2021) How workplace violence correlates turnover intention among Chinese health care workers in COVID-19 context: The mediating role of perceived social support and mental health. Journal of Nursing Management 30, 1407–1414.
  • Yılmaz, S. ve Işık E. (2021). Sağlık çalışanları açısından pandemiyle mücadele: 11 Mart 2020 - 11 Mart 2021. Sağlık-Sen Yayınları–52, Semih Ofset, Ankara.
  • Zamanzadeh, V., Valizadeh, L., Khajehgoodari, M. & Bagheriyeh, F. (2021). Nurses’ experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran: A qualitative study. BMC Nursing, 20, 1-9.
  • Zapata, T., Azzopardi Muscat, N., Falkenbach, M. & Wismar, M. (2023). From great attrition to great attraction: Countering the great resignation of health and care workers. Eurohealth, 29(1), 6-10.
Toplam 92 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sağlık Yönetimi
Bölüm Derleme Makalesi
Yazarlar

İpek Camuz Berber 0000-0002-0656-1867

Ramazan Erdem 0000-0001-6951-3814

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 23 Aralık 2024
Yayımlanma Tarihi
Gönderilme Tarihi 28 Kasım 2024
Kabul Tarihi 12 Aralık 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Camuz Berber, İ., & Erdem, R. (2024). COVID-19 PANDEMİSİ SÜRECİNDE SAĞLIK ÇALIŞANLARINDA BÜYÜK İSTİFA SORUNU: NEDENLER VE ÇÖZÜM ÖNERİLERİ. SDÜ Sağlık Yönetimi Dergisi, 6(2), 198-219.
AMA Camuz Berber İ, Erdem R. COVID-19 PANDEMİSİ SÜRECİNDE SAĞLIK ÇALIŞANLARINDA BÜYÜK İSTİFA SORUNU: NEDENLER VE ÇÖZÜM ÖNERİLERİ. SDÜ Sağlık Yönetimi Dergisi. Aralık 2024;6(2):198-219.
Chicago Camuz Berber, İpek, ve Ramazan Erdem. “COVID-19 PANDEMİSİ SÜRECİNDE SAĞLIK ÇALIŞANLARINDA BÜYÜK İSTİFA SORUNU: NEDENLER VE ÇÖZÜM ÖNERİLERİ”. SDÜ Sağlık Yönetimi Dergisi 6, sy. 2 (Aralık 2024): 198-219.
EndNote Camuz Berber İ, Erdem R (01 Aralık 2024) COVID-19 PANDEMİSİ SÜRECİNDE SAĞLIK ÇALIŞANLARINDA BÜYÜK İSTİFA SORUNU: NEDENLER VE ÇÖZÜM ÖNERİLERİ. SDÜ Sağlık Yönetimi Dergisi 6 2 198–219.
IEEE İ. Camuz Berber ve R. Erdem, “COVID-19 PANDEMİSİ SÜRECİNDE SAĞLIK ÇALIŞANLARINDA BÜYÜK İSTİFA SORUNU: NEDENLER VE ÇÖZÜM ÖNERİLERİ”, SDÜ Sağlık Yönetimi Dergisi, c. 6, sy. 2, ss. 198–219, 2024.
ISNAD Camuz Berber, İpek - Erdem, Ramazan. “COVID-19 PANDEMİSİ SÜRECİNDE SAĞLIK ÇALIŞANLARINDA BÜYÜK İSTİFA SORUNU: NEDENLER VE ÇÖZÜM ÖNERİLERİ”. SDÜ Sağlık Yönetimi Dergisi 6/2 (Aralık 2024), 198-219.
JAMA Camuz Berber İ, Erdem R. COVID-19 PANDEMİSİ SÜRECİNDE SAĞLIK ÇALIŞANLARINDA BÜYÜK İSTİFA SORUNU: NEDENLER VE ÇÖZÜM ÖNERİLERİ. SDÜ Sağlık Yönetimi Dergisi. 2024;6:198–219.
MLA Camuz Berber, İpek ve Ramazan Erdem. “COVID-19 PANDEMİSİ SÜRECİNDE SAĞLIK ÇALIŞANLARINDA BÜYÜK İSTİFA SORUNU: NEDENLER VE ÇÖZÜM ÖNERİLERİ”. SDÜ Sağlık Yönetimi Dergisi, c. 6, sy. 2, 2024, ss. 198-19.
Vancouver Camuz Berber İ, Erdem R. COVID-19 PANDEMİSİ SÜRECİNDE SAĞLIK ÇALIŞANLARINDA BÜYÜK İSTİFA SORUNU: NEDENLER VE ÇÖZÜM ÖNERİLERİ. SDÜ Sağlık Yönetimi Dergisi. 2024;6(2):198-219.
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