KÜNT TORAKS TRAVMASI

Öz

Travma 40 yaş altında görülen ölümlerin en sık nedenidir. Vakaların hemen hemen dörtte biri toraks travmasıdır ve bunların da önemli bir yüzdesini künt travmalar oluşturur. Yaralanma izgesi minör vakalardan ciddi, hayati tehdit edenlere kadar çeşitlilik gösterebilir. Künt toraks travması hakkında yeterli bilgi sahibi olunması ve travmanın meydana geldiği yerden başlayan uygun bakım morbidite ve mortalitenin azaltılmasında son derece önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• künt,toraks,travma

BLUNT THORACIC TRAUMA

Öz

Trauma is the most common cause of death under 40 years of age. Almost a quarter of these cases are thoracic trauma, in which blunt ones constitute a major percentage. The spectrum of the injuries may vary from minor ones to severe lifethreatening cases. Adequate knowledge on blunt thoracic trauma and proper care starting at the site of the impact are crucial for decreasing morbidity and mortality rates.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• blunt,thorax,trauma

Kaynakça

1. 1) Breasted JH. The Edwin Smith Papyrus, 2 vols, Oriental Institute Publications 3–4. Chicago: University of Chicago Press; 1930 2) Graeber G, Prabhakar G, Shields T. Blunt and penetrating injuries of the chest wall, pleura, and lungs. General thoracic surgery 6th ed Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. 2005:951-71. 3) Ertekin C. Multiple travmalı hastaya yaklaşım. Yoğun Bakım Dergisi. 2002;2:77-87. 4) Çobanoğlu U, Yalçınkaya İ. Toraks yaralanmaları. Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg. 2010;16(1):77-83. 5) Boyd AD. Chest wall trauma. Thoracic Trauma Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company. 1989:101-32. 6) Sriussadaporn S, Luengtaviboon K, Benjacholamas V, Singhatanadgige S. Significance of a widened mediastinum in blunt chest trauma patients. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand= Chotmaihet thangphaet. 2000;83(11):1296-301. 7) Altınok T. Akciğer Yaralanmaları. TTD Toraks Cerrahisi Bülteni 2010;1:55-9. 8) Melloni G, Cremona G, Ciriaco P, Pansera M, Carretta A, Negri G, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of traumatic pulmonary pseudocysts. Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery. 2003;54(4):737-43. 9) De A, Peden C, Nolan J. Traumatic pulmonary pseudocysts. Anaesthesia. 2007;62(4):409-11. 10) Athanassiadi K, Gerazounis M, Kalantzi N, Kazakidis P, Fakou A, Kourousis D. Primary traumatic pulmonary pseudocysts: a rare entity. European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery. 2003;23(1):43-5. 11) Shirakusa T, Araki Y, Tsutsui M, Motonaga R, Iwanaga M, Ogami H, et al. Traumatic lung pseudocyst. Thorax. 1987;42(7):516-9. 12) Turgut AT, Koşar U, Bilaloğlu P. Pnömotoraks ve radyolojik tanısı. Sted. 2001;10:335-7. 13) Tüzün H. Künt Toraks Travmaları: Cerrahpaşa Tıp Fakültesi sürekli tıp eğitimi etkinlikleri kitle yaralanmaları ve afet hekimliği sempozyumu; 2000. 83-91. 14) Battistella F, Benfield JR. Blunt and penetrating injuries of the chest wall, pleura and lungs. General thoracic surgery 5th ed Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2000:815-31. 15) Soysal Ö. Künt göğüs travmaları. Yüksel M, Kalaycı N, editors. İstanbul: Bilmedya Grup; 2001. 447-64. 16) Mansour K, Bongiorno P. Blunt trauma: Chest wall, lung, pleura, heart, great vessels, thoracic duct, and esophagus. Pearson F, Cooper J, Deslauries J, et al. 2002;2:1832-49. 17) Kemmerer WT, Eckert WG, Gathright JB, Reemtsma K, Creech JR O. Patterns of thoracic injuries in fatal traffic accidents. Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery. 1961;1(6):595. 18) Shorr RM, Crittenden M, Indeck M, Hartunian SL, Rodriguez A. Blunt thoracic trauma. Analysis of 515 patients. Annals of surgery. 1987;206(2):200. 19) Çağırıcı U, Uç H, Çalkavur T, Gürcün U, Badak İ, Bilkay Ö, et al. Toraks travmaları: 6 yıllık deneyimlerimiz. Ulus Travma Derg. 1998;4:248-52. 20) Budunelli T. Künt göğüs travmalarında IPPV tedavisi. İzmir Devlet Hastanesi Mecmuası 1976. 677-81. 21) Haenel J, Moore F, Moore E. Pulmonary consequences of severe chest trauma. Respiratory care clinics of North America. 1996;2(3):401-24. 22) Maslov V, Takhtamysh M, Kretov A. Treatment of multiple ribs fractures. Khirurgiia. 1999(4):32-5. 23) Demuth WJ, Smith J, . Pulmonary contusion. Am J Surg 1965. 819-23. 24) Shah R, Sabanathan S, Mearns AJ, Choudhury AK. Traumatic rupture of diaphragm. The Annals of thoracic surgery. 1995;60(5):1444-9. 25) Lee W, Chen R-J, Fang JF, Wang C, Chen H-Y, Chen S-C, et al. Rupture of the diaphragm after blunt trauma. The European journal of surgery, Acta chirurgica. 1994;160(9):479-83. 26) Shanmuganathan K, Killeen K, Mirvis SE, White CS. Imaging of diaphragmatic injuries. Journal of thoracic imaging. 2000;15(2):104-11. 27) Bergin D, Ennis R, Keogh C, Fenlon HM, Murray JG. The “dependent viscera” sign in CT diagnosis of blunt traumatic diaphragmatic rupture. American Journal of Roentgenology. 2001;177(5):1137-40. 28) Gulbahar G, Kaplan T, Gundogdu AG, Baran HN, Kazanci B, Kocer B, Han S. A Rare and Serious Syndrome That Requires Attention in Emergency Service: Traumatic Asphyxia. Case Rep Emerg Med 2015;2015:359814. 29) Williams JS, Minken SL, Adams JT. Traumatic asphyxia--reappraised. Annals of surgery. 1968;167(3):384. 30) Lee M-C, Wong S-S, Chu J-J, Chang J-P, Lin P-J, Shieh M-J, et al. Traumatic asphyxia. The Annals of thoracic surgery. 1991;51(1):86-8. 31) Bertelsen S, Howitz P. Injuries of the trachea and bronchi. Thorax. 1972;27(2):188-94. 32) Grillo H. Tracheal and bronchial trauma. Surgery of the Trachea and Bronchi Lewiston: BC Decker. 2004:271-90. 33) Sybrandy K, Cramer M, Burgersdijk C. Diagnosing cardiac contusion: old wisdom and new insights. Heart. 2003;89(5):485-9. 34) Spodick DH. Acute cardiac tamponade. N Engl J Med 2003. 684-90. 35) Peitzman AB. The trauma manual: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2002. 36) Thoracic trauma: Greaves I. Oxford University.Press; 2001. 37) Attar S, Hankins JR, Suter CM, Coughlin TR, Sequeira A, McLaughlin JS. Esophageal perforation: a therapeutic challenge. The Annals of thoracic surgery. 1990;50(1):45-9. 38) Eren MB, A. Toraks Travmaları. Ökten İG, A., editor: Sim Matbaacılık Ltd. Şti; 2003. 39) Halliwell B, Gutteridge JM, Cross CE. Free radicals, antioxidants, and human disease: where are we now? The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine. 1992;119(6):598-620. 40) Mattax LK DS, Kalaycı G, Giles Y, Özçelik C, Sözüer E,, C. K. travma. Erkin C TK, Güloğlu R, Kurtoğlu M,, editors., editors: Medikal yayıncılık; 2005. 819-73. 41) Pepe PE, Potkin RT, Reus DH, Hudson LD, Carrico CJ. Clinical predictors of the adult respiratory distress syndrome. The American Journal of Surgery. 1982;144(1):124-30. 42) Trupka A, Waydhas C, Hallfeldt K, Nast-Kolb D, Pfeifer K, Schweiberer L. Value of thoracic computed tomography in the first assessment of severely injured patients with blunt chest trauma: results of a prospective study. Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery. 1997;43(3):405-12. 43) Voeller G, Reisser J, Fabian T, Kudsk K, Mangiante E. Blunt diaphragm injuries. A five-year experience. The American surgeon. 1990;56(1):28-31. 44) Oppenheimer L, Craven K, Forkert L, Wood L. Pathophysiology of pulmonary contusion in dogs. Journal of Applied Physiology. 1979;47(4):718-28. 45) Song JK, Beaty CD. Diagnosis of pulmonary contusions and a bronchial laceration after a fall. AJR American journal of roentgenology. 1996;167(6):1510-. 46) Shackford SR. Analytic Review: Blunt Chest Trauma: The Intensivist's Perspective. Journal of Intensive Care Medicine. 1986;1(3):125-36. 47) Velanovich V. Crystalloid versus colloid fluid resuscitation: a meta-analysis of mortality. Surgery. 1989;105(1):65-71. 48) Biddle TL, Paul NY. Effect of furosemide on hemodynamics and lung water in acute pulmonary edema secondary to myocardial infarction. The American journal of cardiology. 1979;43(1):86-90. 49) Miller HB, Taylor GA, McMurtry RY, McLellan BA. Management of blunttrauma. Baltimore: Williams&Wilkins; 1990. 191-92. 50) Ashbaugh DG. Bigelow DB. Petty TL. Levine BE. Acute respiratory distress in adults. Lancet. 1967;2:319–323. 51) Ware LB, Matthay MA. The acute respiratory distress syndrome. New England Journal of Medicine. 2000;342(18):1334-49. 52) Zhang H, Slutsky A, Vincent J-L. Oxygen free radicals in ARDS, septic shock and organ dysfunction. Intensive care medicine. 2000;26(4):474-6. 53) Metnitz P, Bartens C, Fischer M, Fridrich P, Steltzer H, Druml W. Antioxidant status in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Intensive care medicine. 1999;25(2):180-5. 54) Bernard GR, Artigas A, Brigham KL, Carlet J, Falke K, Hudson L, et al. The American-European Consensus Conference on ARDS. Definitions, mechanisms, relevant outcomes, and clinical trial coordination. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine. 1994;149(3):818-24.