PSİKOLOJİK FAKTÖRLERİN FUTBOLCULARDAKİ YARALANMALAR ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİ

Öz

Çalışmanın amacı kaygı seviyesi ve başa çıkma kaynakları düzeyi gibi psikososyal faktörlerin yaralanma oluşumunu etkileyip etkilemediğini incelemektir. Gereç ve Yöntem Çalışmaya toplam 83 futbolcu katıldı. Çalışmanın başında Sürekli ve Durumluk Kaygı Ölçeği, Sporcuların Psikolojik Becerilerini Değerlendirme Ölçeği ve Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği dolduruldu. Takım doktorları yaralanmanın tipini, şiddetini ve sporcunun yaralanmaya bağlı olarak kaçırdığı antrenman ve maç sayısını ve takımdan ayrı kaldığı süreyi kaydetti. Bulgular 83 futbolcunun 63’ünde (%75.9) toplam 121 yaralanma gözlendi. Toplam yaralanma insidansı Toplam yaralanma insidansı 6.2/1000 saat, maçta yaralanma insidansı 18.3/1000 saat, antrenmanda yaralanma insidansı 3.4/1000 saatti. Yaralanmaların 4’ü (3.2%) minimal, 28’i (22.9%) hafif, 67’si (55.1%) orta, 22’si (17.9%) ciddi şiddetli yaralanmalardı. Yaralanma sayısı ve şiddeti ile başa çıkma kaynakları arasında negatif, kaygı seviyesi arasında pozitif ilişki vardı. Bu ilişkiler istatiksel olarak anlamlıydı (p<0.05). Yaralanan sporcularda daha yüksek kaygı seviyesi ve daha düşük başa çıkma kaynakları mevcuttu. Yaralanan ve yaralanmayan sporcular arasında bu değerler için istatiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık vardı (p<0.05). Sonuç Psikolojik faktörler ve spor yaralanmalarının oluşumu arasında bir ilişki olduğu açıkça görülmektedir. Psikolojik faktörler ile yaralanma riski arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmanın spor yaralanmalarını önlemek açısından önemli olduğu görünmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• psikolojik faktörler
• spor yaralanması
• spor psikolojisi

THE EFFECTS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS ON INJURIES IN FOOTBALL PLAYERS

Öz

Objective The aim of this study is to investigate whether psychosocial factors such as anxiety level or level of coping resources affect the occurrence of injury. Materials and Methods A total of 83 professional football players participated in the study. At the beginning of the study, the State- Trait Anxiety Inventory, Athletic Coping Skills Inventory- 28 and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support were completed. Team doctors noted the type and severity of injury, and the number of trainings and matches the players missed due to injury. Results Sixty-three of the 83 players (75.9%) suffered a total of 121 injuries. Total injury incidence was 6.2/1000 hours (during match 18.3/1000 h; during training 3.2/1000 h). Four (3.2%) of the injuries were minimal, 28 (22.9%) were mild, 67 (55.1%) were moderate, and 22 (17.9%) were severe. There was a negative correlation between the number and severity of injuries and coping skills, and a positive correlation between the number and severity of injuries and anxiety level. These relationships were statistically significant (p <0.05). Injured players had higher levels of anxiety and lower coping resources. There was a statistically significant difference between injured and uninjured players for these values (p <0.05). Conclusion It was clearly observed that there is a relationship between psychological factors and the occurrence of sports injuries. Investigating the relationship between psychological factors and the risk of injury appears to be important in preventing sports injuries.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• psychological factors
• sports injury
• sports psychology

Kaynakça

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