Farklı Toprak Sıcaklıklarının Tarla Kapasitesindeki Toprağın CO2 Üretimine Etkisi

Öz

Bu çalışmada, deneme başlangıcında doygunluğun %60’ına ulaşıncaya kadar sulanan bir toprak örneğinin, farklı sıcaklıklardaki CO2 emisyonunda meydana gelen değişimleri saptamak amacıyla saksı denemesi yapılmıştır. Denemede saksıların yerleştirildiği düzeneğin sıcaklıkları (uygulamalar) 40, 36 ve 32 °C’ye sabitlenmiş, ayrıca oda sıcaklığında kontrol saksıları da denemeye alınmıştır. Her ölçüm (kayıt) öncesi saksılardan eksilen suyun tekrar saksılara ilave edilmesi şeklinde eşit nem koşulları sağlanmıştır. Zamana bağlı olarak toprak sıcaklığında, toprak neminde, CO2 emisyonunda ve buharlaşmada meydana gelen değişimler başlangıçtan itibaren 9. güne kadar günlük kayıtlar alınarak izlenmiştir. Deneme sonucunda, saksıların yer aldığı ortama uygulanan sıcaklık ile toprak sıcaklığı arasında fark olduğu, uygulanan sıcaklığın toprağa aynı seviyede geçmediği saptanmıştır. Buna karşın 40 °C, 36 °C, 32 °C ve oda sıcaklığı uygulamaları arasında sırasıyla 3.9, 3.4 ve 3.9 °C sıcaklık farkı oluşmuştur. Kayıt başlangıcında uygulanan suyun buharlaşma hızı sıcaklıkla birlikte artmıştır. Deneme sonunda uygulamalara bağlı olarak saptanan ortalama toprak CO2 emisyonları 40, 36, 32 ve kontrol uygulamaları için sırasıyla 0.355, 0.432, 0.410 ve 0.380 g m-2 h-1 olarak belirlenirken ortalama değerlere göre sadece 40 ve 36 uygulaması arasında P=0.05 önem düzeyinde fark bulunmuştur. H2O emisyonları 40, 36, 32 ve kontrol uygulamaları için sırasıyla 19.7, 18.9, 15.5 ce 13.2 g m-2 h-1 bulunduğu ve aralarındaki farkın önemli (P=0.05) olduğu saptanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• CO2 emisyonu
• toprak nemi
• toprak sıcaklığı
• küresel ısınma

Effect of Different Soil Temperatures on CO2 Formation of Soil at Field Capacity

Abstract

In this study, a pot experiment was carried out in order to determine the changes in CO2 emission at different temperatures of soil that irrigated at the beginning of the experiment until it reaches 60% of the saturation. In the experiment, the temperatures of the system in which the pots were placed (applications) were fixed at 40, 36 and 32 °C, and control pots at room temperature were also included in the experiment. Equal humidity conditions were ensured by adding the water as much as evaporated to the pots before each measurement (recording). Changes in soil temperature, soil moisture, CO2 emission and evaporation depending on time were monitored by taking daily records from the beginning to the 9th day of experiment. Result revealed that there were differences between the temperatures applied to the environment where the pots are located and the soil temperature, and the applied temperature did not reach the soil at the same level. On the other hand, temperature difference of 3.9, 3.4 and 3.9 °C between 40 °C, 36 °C, 32 °C and room temperature was achieved, respectively. The evaporation rate of the applied water was increased with increasing temperature. At the end of the experiment, the mean CO2 emissions were determined as 0.355, 0.432, 0.410 and 0.380 g m-2 h-1 for 40, 36, 32 °C and control applications, respectively. The only significant difference (P=0.05) by means of averages observed between 40 and 36 °C applications. H2O emissions found to be 19.7, 18.9, 15.5 and 13.2 g m-2 h-1 for 40, 36, 32 °C and control applications, respectively and the differences among applications were significant (P=0.05).

Keywords

• CO2 emission
• soil moisture
• soil temperature
• global warming

Kaynakça

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