Üniversite Kampüslerinde Çevresel Sürdürülebilirliğin Teşvik Edilmesi: Türkiye’den Bulgular

Öz

Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler yoluyla Türkiye’deki iki devlet üniversitesinde öğrenim gören 16 lisans öğrencisinin çevreye dair tutumlarının gelişimini ve değişimini anlamak ve kampüs içi çevreci davranışlarını incelemektir. Bulgularımız katılımcıların çevreye dair tutumlarının oluşumunda bir dizi faktörün (ör., ilköğretimde çevreye duyarlı rol modellerin varlığı) etkili olduğunu vurgulamıştır. Mevcut çalışma ayrıca çöp kirliliğinin üniversite kampüslerinde önemli bir sorun olduğuna işaret etmektedir. Bu sorunla mücadele adına, çalışmadaki katılımcıların çoğu çöp kirliliğini azaltmak ve sürdürülebilir uygulamaları teşvik etmek için proaktif önlemler aldıklarını (ör., atık ayrıştırma) ifade etmiştir. Katılımcılar çöp kirliliğiyle mücadele etmenin yanı sıra, çevreci faaliyetlere (ör., ağaç dikme) aktif olarak katılmakta, çevre dostu ulaşım seçeneklerini (ör., bisiklete binme, servis kullanma) tercih etmekte, çevreci kuruluşları finansal olarak desteklemekte ve faaliyetlerine katılmakta ve enerji tasarrufu yapmaktadırlar. Çalışmaya katılanlar ayrıca kampüs içi çevreci davranışlarını teşvik eden (ör., kampüs ekosistemini koruma isteği) ve engelleyen (ör., zaman yetersizliği) çeşitli faktörleri belirtmiştir. Ayrıca, katılımcılarımız kampüs sürdürülebilirliği ile ilişkili tüm paydaşların (ör., rektörlük, çalışanlar, öğrenciler) kampüs içi çevreci davranışların etkinliğini arttırmada rol alması (ör., ödüllendirme ve cezalandırma için etkili önlemler kullanmak) gerektiğini belirtmiştir. Bu bulgularla mevcut çalışma kampüs sürdürülebilirliğine önemli teorik ve pratik katkılarda bulunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kampüs sürdürülebilirliği
• çevreci davranışlar
• çevreye dair tutumlar
• çevreci davranışların teşvik edicileri
• çevreci davranışların engelleyicileri

Encouraging Environmental Sustainability in University Campuses: Evidence from Türkiye

Öz

The primary aim of the current study is to comprehend the development and evolution of environmental attitudes and to examine on-campus pro-environmental engagement among 16 undergraduates from two public Turkish universities through semi-structured interviews. Our qualitative analysis highlighted that several factors (e.g., the existence of environmentally aware role models in elementary education) are responsible for the formation of respondents’ environmental attitudes. The current paper also points out that litter pollution is a major problem on university campuses. To combat this problem, most respondents in the study reported taking proactive measures (e.g., disposing of the waste properly) to reduce littering and promote sustainable practices. In addition to fighting against littering, they actively take part in pro-environmental activities (e.g., tree plantation), prefer ecologically friendly mobility options (e.g., biking, using shuttles), financially support ecological organizations and attending their activities, and conserve energy. They also reported several factors for motivating (e.g., the willingness to protect the campus ecosystem) and hindering (e.g., lack of time) their on-campus pro-environmental engagement. Furthermore, our respondents pointed out that all stakeholders (e.g., rectorate, employees, students) regarding campus sustainability should take part (e.g., using effective measures for rewarding and penalizing) in amplifying the effectiveness of on-campus pro-environmental behaviors. With these findings, the current paper made important theoretical and practical contributions to campus sustainability.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Campus sustainability
• pro-environmental behaviors
• environmental attitudes
• motivators of pro-environmental behaviors
• barriers to pro-environmental behaviors

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