Jane Austen‘ın Mansfield Parkı’nda Sınıf Engellerine Meydan Okuma

Öz

İlk bakışta Jane Austen geleneksel romanlarıyla tanınmış bir yazar olarak düşünülebilir. Buna karşın Austen’ın derinlemesine okunması romanlarında toplumsal düzensizliklere karşı yükselen gizli bir eleştirel ses bulunduğunu ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Bu makalede Mansfield Parkı isimli roman yazarın sonradan inşa edilmiş bir kavram olarak sınıfı postmodern araçları hatırlatan sıradışı teknikler vasıtasıyla nasıl sorguladığını göstermek için analiz edilmiştir. Romanda öteki karakterler olarak betimlenen Fanny Price ve James Rushworth’un işlevine odaklanıldıktan sonra Austen tarafından kullanılan metinlerarası atıfların yapay sınf farklarının ortaya çıkarılmasındaki rolü incelenmiştir. Yazarın çağının sınıf merkezli toplumsal sistemine üstü kapalı bir şekilde meydan okuduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Jane Austen
• Mansfield Parkı
• sınıf
• postmodernizm

Challenging Class Barriers in Jane Austen’s Mansfield Park

Öz

Jane Austen can be regarded as an author renowned for her conventional novels at first glance. Nevertheless, reading Austen in a profound way reveals that there lies a hidden critical voice against the irregularities of society. In this article, the novel, Mansfield Park, is analysed to demonstrate how the author interrogates class as a constructed notion by employing unusual techniques which are reminiscent of postmodernist devices. After the function of ex-centric characters, Fanny Price and James Rushworth, is focused on, the role of the intertextual references employed by Austen in unearthing artificial class distinctions is examined. It is concluded that the author implicitly challenges the class-oriented social system of her age.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Jane Austen
• Mansfield Park
• class
• postmodernism

Kaynakça

1. Appelrouth, S.& Edles, L. D. (2008). Classical and contemporary sociological theory: Text and readings. Los Angeles: Pine Forge Press.
2. Austen, J. (2003). Mansfield Park, J. Kinsley (Ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
3. Barthes, R. (1977). The death of the author. Image music text (S. Heath, Trans.). (pp. 142-148). London: Fontana Press.
4. Byrne, P. (2002). Mansfield Park. Jane Austen and the theatre (pp. 177-209). London: Hambledon and London.
5. Dawson, M. S. (2005). The fop as social upstart?. Gentility and the comic theatre of late Stuart London (pp. 147-163). New York: Cambridge University Press.
6. Dunn. A. (1995). The ethics of “Manfield Park”: MacIntyre, Said, and social context. Soundings: An interdisciplinary journal, 78(3/4), 483-500.
7. Gilbert, S. M. & Gubar S. (2000). The madwoman in the attic: the woman and the nineteenth-century literary imagination. New Haven and London: Yale University Press.
8. Giotta, P. C. (1998). Characterization in Mansfield park: Tom Bertram and Colman's the heir at law. The review of English studies, 49(196), 466-471.

9. Heilman, R. B. (1982). Some fops and some versions of foppery. EHL, 49(2), 363-395.
10. Hutcheon, L. (2004). A poetics of postmodernism: History, theory fiction. New York, Routledge.
11. Kristeva, J. (1986). Word, dialogue and novel. In T. Moi (Ed.), The Kristeva reader (pp. 34-37). New York: Columbia University Press.
12. Marx, K. & Engels F. (1970). Manifesto of the communist party. Peking: Foreign Languages Press.
13. Melikoğlu, E. (2017). James Rushworth as the fop of uncertain origin on and off stage in Austen’s Mansfield park. Society (class, rank, milieu), 38(1). Retrieved from www.jasna.org/publications/persuasions-online/vol38no1/melikoglu/.
14. Monaghan, D. (1980). Mansfield Park. Jane Austen: structure and social vision (pp.93-115). London: The Macmillan Press.
15. Mullan, J. (2014). Status, rank and class in Jane Austen's novels. Discovering literature: romantics and victorians. Retrieved from www.bl.uk/romantics-and-victorians/articles/status-rank-and-class-in-jane-austens-novels.
16. Nicolson, N. (1985). Jane Austen and the English class system. Southwest review, 70(2), 173-186.
17. Pawl, A. J. (2004). Fanny Price and sentimental genealogy of Mansfield park. Eighteenth-century fiction, 16(2), 287-316.
18. Said, E. W. (1994). Jane Austen and empire. Culture and imperialism (pp. 80-97). New York: Vintage Books.
19. Sinfield, A. (1994). Introduction: Reproductions, interventions. In J. Dollimore & A. Sinfield (Eds.), Political Shakespeare: Essays in cultural materialism (pp. 154-157). New York: Manchester University Press.
20. Staves, S. (1982). A few kind words for the fop. Studies in English literature, 1500-1900, 22(1), 413-428.
21. Thompson, E. P. (1966). The making of the English working class. New York: Vintage Books.
22. Weber, M. (2008). The distribution of power within the political community: Class, status, party (1925). Classical and contemporary sociological theory: Text and readings (pp. 167- 175). Los Angeles: Pine Forge Press.
23. Williams, R. (1960). Culture and society: 1780-1950. New York: Anchor Books.
24. Williams, R. (1973). The country and the city. New York: Oxford University Press.