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FROM REAL TO REEL: HOLLYWOOD’S CULTURE OF ORIENTALISM IN AND AROUND THE ENGLISH PATIENT

Yıl 2017, Sayı: 37, 101 - 112, 22.06.2017
https://doi.org/10.21497/sefad.328292

Öz

The
English Patient
, one of the seven movies that won the most Academy
Awards in movie history, has naturally been subject to many studies in
literature and film. Although the movie has mostly been acclaimed by movie
critics and audiences, its loyalty to the original work has much been
questioned since the movie was based on the novel by Michael Ondaatje. However,
it cannot be said that much has been written regarding the movie’s Orientalist
undertones. The radical change of perspective from the novel to the movie in
this particular regard is so striking as to change the themes of the original
text that it deserves attention on its own terms. Therefore, in this article I
contrast the movie to the novel by arguing that Minghella, the director,
follows the age-old Orientalist tradition in his (mis)representation of the
Near East; of Muslim Culture, and of Arabs, whereas Ondaatje, the novelist,
deconstructs this very stereotypical narrative about the East. Whereas the
author of the novel takes apart the official history in a puzzling fluidity of
nations and selves, the director reconstructs history back to its Eurocentric
context. By also looking at the movie criticism published in the industry’s
major venues, I try to demonstrate a culture of Orientalism in the promotion of
the movie that goes well beyond the discussion of a single work.

Kaynakça

  • ACHEBE, Chinua (2006). “An Image of Africa: Racism in Conrad’s Heart of Darkness.” In Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad: A Norton Critical Edition. Ed. Paul B. Armstrong. London: W. W. Norton: pp. 336-349.
  • ADHIKARI, Madhumalati (2002). “History and Story: Unconventional History in Michael Ondaatje's "The English Patient" and James A. Michener's "Tales of the South Pacific" History and Theory, Vol. 41, No. 4, Theme Issue 41: Unconventional History: pp. 43-55.
  • CORLISS, Richard (1996). “Rapture in the Dunes.” Time. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,985522,00.html [Accessed 20 Nov 2016].
  • FERRELL, William K. (2000). “Finding Yourself in a Lost World: The English Patient by Michael Ondaatje.” In Literature and Film as Modern Mythology by William K. Ferrell. London: Praeger: 107-121.
  • “From Novel to Screenplay” (1996). The English Patient. Dir. Anthony Minghella. DVD, Special Features. California: Miramax.
  • HEMBLADE, Christopher (2004). “The English Patient Movie Review.” Empire Online. http://www.empireonline.com/reviews/reviewcomplete.asp?FID=131834 [Accessed 19 Nov 2016].
  • JOLLIMORE, Troy and Sharon Barrios (2004). “Beauty, Evil and the English Patient.” Philosophy and Literature 28(1): 23-40.
  • KEMPLEY, Rita (1996). “The English Patient Movie Review.” Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/style/longterm/review96/englishpatientkemp.htm [Accessed 11 Sep 2016].
  • MASLIN, Janet (1996). “Adrift in Fiery Layers of Memory: NYT Critics Pick.” New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9C01E6DE163AF936A25752C1A960958260 [Accessed 10 Jan 2016].
  • MCCARTHY, Todd (1996). “The English Patient Movie Review.” Variety. http://www.variety.com/index.asp?layout=Variety100&reviewid=VE1117487970&content=jump&jump=review&category=1935&cs=1 [Accessed 23 Sep 2015].
  • MINGHELLA, Anthony (Dir.) (1996). The English Patient [Film]. DVD, Exclusive 2-Disc Collection. California: Miramax.
  • MINGHELLA, Anthony (Writer & Director) (1995). The English Patient: Screenplay. Based on the Novel by Michael Ondaatje. Produced by Saul Zaents. Revised Draft, 28 Aug, 1995. The Internet Movie Script Database. http://www.imsdb.com/scripts/English-Patient,-The.html [Accessed 20 Nov 2015].
  • MORGAN, Maggie M. (1998). "The English Patient: From Fiction to Reel." Alif: Journal of Comparative Poetics (18): 159-173.
  • ONDAATJE, Michael (1993). The English Patient. New York: Vintage International.
  • ROSENFELD, Natania (2006). “Less Light: The End(s) of Aestheticism in Pater, Ondaatje, and Sebald.” Modernism/modernity 13 (2): pp. 349-366.
  • SAID, Edward (1978). Orientalism. New York: Vintage.
  • SENSENING-Dabbous, Eugene (2004). “Will the Real Almásy Please Stand Up! Transporting Central European Orientalism via The English Patient.” Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East 24(2): pp. 163-180.
  • TV Guide (1996). “The English Patient Review.” http://movies.tvguide.com/english-patient/review/131626 [Accessed 25 Nov 2016].

ROMAN, GERÇEKLİK VE FİLM: İNGİLİZ HASTA VE HOLLYWOOD’UN ORYANTALİST KÜLTÜRÜ

Yıl 2017, Sayı: 37, 101 - 112, 22.06.2017
https://doi.org/10.21497/sefad.328292

Öz

Tüm zamanların en çok Oskar ödülü alan yedi filminden
biri olan İngiliz Hasta, gösterime
girdiği günden bu yana yıllardır pek çok çalışmaya konu olmuştur. Film
eleştirmenleri ve genelde izleyici tarafından büyük beğeni toplayan yapım
Michael Ondaatje’nin aynı adlı romanından uyarlandığı için filmin esere ne
derece sadık kaldığı da epeyce sorgulanmıştır. Ancak filmin bu bağlamda
Oryantalist bir okumasının tam olarak yapıldığı pek söylenemez. İşte bu
makalede, filmin sömürgecilik-sonrası araştırmalar çerçevesinde analizi
yapılmakta ve yönetmen ve senarist Anthony Minghella’nın, Ondaatje’nin
romanının aksine Oryantalist ve Batı-merkezci bir tutum içinde hikâyeyi adapte
ettiği ileri sürülmektedir. Ondaatje’nin romanı Avrupa merkezli, Oryantalist
tarih anlatımını sorgularken ve bu anlatımı alt üst eden bir söyleme hâkimken,
romanın adaptasyonu Batı’yı Doğu kültürleri karşısında yüceltmektedir. Makalede
ayrıca film sanayiinin olmazsa olmazları arasında yer alan film eleştirilerinin
yarattığı Oryantalist kültür de ortaya konularak tartışma tek bir eserin
incelemesinden öteye geçmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • ACHEBE, Chinua (2006). “An Image of Africa: Racism in Conrad’s Heart of Darkness.” In Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad: A Norton Critical Edition. Ed. Paul B. Armstrong. London: W. W. Norton: pp. 336-349.
  • ADHIKARI, Madhumalati (2002). “History and Story: Unconventional History in Michael Ondaatje's "The English Patient" and James A. Michener's "Tales of the South Pacific" History and Theory, Vol. 41, No. 4, Theme Issue 41: Unconventional History: pp. 43-55.
  • CORLISS, Richard (1996). “Rapture in the Dunes.” Time. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,985522,00.html [Accessed 20 Nov 2016].
  • FERRELL, William K. (2000). “Finding Yourself in a Lost World: The English Patient by Michael Ondaatje.” In Literature and Film as Modern Mythology by William K. Ferrell. London: Praeger: 107-121.
  • “From Novel to Screenplay” (1996). The English Patient. Dir. Anthony Minghella. DVD, Special Features. California: Miramax.
  • HEMBLADE, Christopher (2004). “The English Patient Movie Review.” Empire Online. http://www.empireonline.com/reviews/reviewcomplete.asp?FID=131834 [Accessed 19 Nov 2016].
  • JOLLIMORE, Troy and Sharon Barrios (2004). “Beauty, Evil and the English Patient.” Philosophy and Literature 28(1): 23-40.
  • KEMPLEY, Rita (1996). “The English Patient Movie Review.” Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/style/longterm/review96/englishpatientkemp.htm [Accessed 11 Sep 2016].
  • MASLIN, Janet (1996). “Adrift in Fiery Layers of Memory: NYT Critics Pick.” New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9C01E6DE163AF936A25752C1A960958260 [Accessed 10 Jan 2016].
  • MCCARTHY, Todd (1996). “The English Patient Movie Review.” Variety. http://www.variety.com/index.asp?layout=Variety100&reviewid=VE1117487970&content=jump&jump=review&category=1935&cs=1 [Accessed 23 Sep 2015].
  • MINGHELLA, Anthony (Dir.) (1996). The English Patient [Film]. DVD, Exclusive 2-Disc Collection. California: Miramax.
  • MINGHELLA, Anthony (Writer & Director) (1995). The English Patient: Screenplay. Based on the Novel by Michael Ondaatje. Produced by Saul Zaents. Revised Draft, 28 Aug, 1995. The Internet Movie Script Database. http://www.imsdb.com/scripts/English-Patient,-The.html [Accessed 20 Nov 2015].
  • MORGAN, Maggie M. (1998). "The English Patient: From Fiction to Reel." Alif: Journal of Comparative Poetics (18): 159-173.
  • ONDAATJE, Michael (1993). The English Patient. New York: Vintage International.
  • ROSENFELD, Natania (2006). “Less Light: The End(s) of Aestheticism in Pater, Ondaatje, and Sebald.” Modernism/modernity 13 (2): pp. 349-366.
  • SAID, Edward (1978). Orientalism. New York: Vintage.
  • SENSENING-Dabbous, Eugene (2004). “Will the Real Almásy Please Stand Up! Transporting Central European Orientalism via The English Patient.” Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East 24(2): pp. 163-180.
  • TV Guide (1996). “The English Patient Review.” http://movies.tvguide.com/english-patient/review/131626 [Accessed 25 Nov 2016].
Toplam 18 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Beyazıt Akman

Yayımlanma Tarihi 22 Haziran 2017
Gönderilme Tarihi 7 Şubat 2017
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2017 Sayı: 37

Kaynak Göster

APA Akman, B. (2017). FROM REAL TO REEL: HOLLYWOOD’S CULTURE OF ORIENTALISM IN AND AROUND THE ENGLISH PATIENT. Selçuk Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi(37), 101-112. https://doi.org/10.21497/sefad.328292

Selcuk University Journal of Faculty of Letters will start accepting articles for 2025 issues on Dergipark as of September 15, 2024.