Araştırma Makalesi
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TURKISH STUDENTS’ ERASMUS EXPERIENCES: CHALLENGE OF FACING THE UNKNOWN

Yıl 2017, Sayı: 37, 141 - 152, 22.06.2017
https://doi.org/10.21497/sefad.328309

Öz

With the commencement of the Erasmus student exchange
programme, opportunities of studying abroad have been offered by universities
in Turkey. While students apply to this programme mainly for increasing their
language proficiency, gaining a global perspective and getting the chance to
travel Europe, a significant outcome is learning about and being able to live
in a different culture. There is consensus on the fact that higher education
institutions can maximize such benefits of the study abroad experience by
designing pre-departure training. By preparing students about culture-specific
facts, problems that are likely to be encountered can be minimized. On the
other hand, it can be claimed that difficulties related to the
‘surface-culture’ are easier to deal with, whereas issues of ‘deep-culture’ can
cause more serious problems for the students if they are not prepared
beforehand. In this paper, it is argued that Turkish students’ experiences of
intercultural encounters in the host country provide a rich resource for
preparation to the ‘deep culture’ and minimizing the problems related to them.
However, student reflections show that these experiences are often ignored by
higher education institutions and educators. The study was carried out with
Turkish students who study English Language and Literature at a state
university in Turkey and who returned from the Erasmus exchange programme. An
interview was conducted to let students reflect on the most problematic
intercultural encounters they had, which was the focus of the study. The collection
of their narratives was analyzed and the emerging themes were identified. It is
suggested that pre-departure training should give more emphasis on developing
the necessary coping strategies by referring to the specific incidents
experienced by the returned students.

Kaynakça

  • ATA, Abe (2016). “Research note: How Muslims are perceived in Catholic schools in contemporary Australia: a national survey”. Intercultural Education 27(4): 337-351.
  • BYRAM, Michael (1997). Teaching and Assessing Intercultural Communicative Competence. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
  • CHALMERS, Denise & VOLET, Simone (1997). “Common Misconceptions about Students from South-East Asia Studying in Australia”. Higher Education Research and Development 16(1): 87-99.
  • DEARDORFF, Darla K. (2009). “Intercultural Competence: A Definition, Model, and Implications for Education Abroad”. Developing Intercultural Competence and Transformation: Theory, Research, and Application in International Education. ed. Victor Savicki. Sterling, VA: Stylus Publishing, 32-52.
  • DWYER, Mary, M. (2004). “More is Better: The Impact of Study Abroad Program Duration”. Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad (10): 151-163.
  • GIOVANANGELI, Angela & OGURO, Susan (2016). “Cultural Responsiveness: A Framework for Re-thinking Students’ Interculturality through Study Abroad”. Intercultural Education 27 (1): 70-84.
  • HALL, Edward T. (1976). Beyond Culture. NY: Anchor Books Editions.
  • HITCHCOCK, Graham & HUGHES, David (1995). Research and the teacher: A qualitative introduction to schoolbased research. New York, NY: Routledge.
  • HOLMES, P. - BAVIERI, L. et al. (2015). “Developing intercultural understanding for study abroad: students’ and teachers’ perspectives on pre-departure intercultural learning”. Intercultural Education 26 (1): 16-30.
  • KINGINGER, Celeste (2011). “Enhancing Language Learning in Study Abroad”. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics (31): 58-73.
  • LI, Rose Yanhong & KAYE, Mike (1998). “Understanding Overseas Students’ Concerns and Problems”. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management 20 (1): 41-50.
  • MAKAROVA, Elena & BIRMAN, Dina (2016). “Minority students’ psychological adjustment in the school context: an integrative review of qualitative research on acculturation”. Intercultural Education 27(1): 1-21.
  • MARSHALL, Terry (1989). The whole world guide to language learning. Yarmouth, ME: Intercultural Press.
  • NGUYEN, A. Minh (2012). “Study Abroad’s Contribution to Critical Thinking and World Citizenship”. Think (11): 27-40.
  • OBERG, Karl (1960). “Cultural Shock: Adjustment to new cultural environments”. Practical Anthropology (7): 177-182. RUNDSTROM WILLIAMS, Tracy (2005). “Exploring the Impact of Study Abroad on Students’ Intercultural Communication Skills: Adaptability and Sensitivity”. Journal of Studies in International Education 9 (4): 356-371.
  • SAID, Edward (1978). Orientalism. New York: Vintage Books.
  • SAID, Edward (1997). Covering Islam: How the Media and the Experts Determine How We See the Rest of the World. London: Vintage Books.
  • SCHWEISFURTH, Michele & GU, Qing (2009). “Exploring the experiences of international students in UK higher education: possibilities and limits of interculturality in university life”. Intercultural Education 20 (5): 463-473.
  • WINKELMAN, Michael (1994). “Cultural shock and adaptation”. Journal of Counseling & Development 73 (2): 121-126.
  • WU, Hsiao-ping - GARZA, Esther et al. (2015). “International Student’s Challenge and Adjustment to College”. Education Research International 2015: 1-9.
  • YEH, Christine J. & INOSE, Mayuko (2003). “International students’ reported English fluency, social support satisfaction, and social connectedness as predictors of acculturative stress”. Counselling Psychology Quarterly 16 (1): 15-28.

TÜRK ÖĞRENCİLERİN ERASMUS DENEYİMLERİ: BİLİNMEYENLE YÜZLEŞME

Yıl 2017, Sayı: 37, 141 - 152, 22.06.2017
https://doi.org/10.21497/sefad.328309

Öz

Erasmus öğrenci 
değişim programının uygulanmaya başlaması ile birlikte, Türkiye’deki
üniversiteler tarafından öğrencilere yurtdışında eğitim görme imkanı
sunulmaktadır. Öğrenciler bu programa öncelikli olarak dil seviyelerini
geliştirmek, ufuklarını genişletmek ve Avrupa’yı gezme imkanı elde etmek için
başvururken, programın önemli bir yararı öğrencilerin farklı bir kültürü
öğrenmelerini sağlaması ve yabancı bir ülkede yaşayabilme becerisi
kazandırmasıdır. Yurtdışı eğitim programlarının bu gibi yararlarını arttırmak
için, yüksek öğretim kurumlarının gidiş öncesi hazırlık programları sunmasının
avantajları bilinmektedir. Gidecekleri kültüre özgü bilgiler vererek,
öğrencilerin karşılaşabileceği problemler en aza indirilmeye çalışılabilir.
Diğer taraftan, ‘yüzeysel kültür’ öğeleri ile ilgili karşılaşılabilecek
problemlerin üstesinden gelmek daha kolaydır. ‘Derin kültür’ öğeleri ile ilgili
problemler söz konusu olduğunda ise, eğer öğrenciler bunlara hazırlıklı
değilse, ciddi problemler yaşanabilir. Bu çalışmada, yurtdışı eğitimine
katılacak Türk öğrencilerin ‘derin kültür’ öğeleri ile ilgili yaşayabilecekleri
sorunlara hazırlanmaları ve bu sorunların en aza indirilmesi sürecinde, Erasmus
programına katılmış ve dönmüş öğrencilerin deneyimlerinin zengin bir kaynak
olarak görülmesi gerektiği üzerinde durulmaktadır. Ancak, çoğu zaman bu
deneyimler yüksek öğretim kurumları ve eğitimciler tarafından fazla ciddiye
alınmayıp araştırılmamaktadır. Çalışma, Türkiye’deki bir devlet
üniversitesinde, İngiliz Dili ve Edebiyatı bölümünde okuyan ve Erasmus
programına katılıp dönmüş öğrenciler ile yürütülmüştür. Yapılan görüşmede
katılımcılar, çalışmanın odağını oluşturan, başlarından geçen en can sıkıcı
olayları ve bunlarla ilgili görüşlerini paylaşmışlardır. Bütün katılımcıların
paylaştıkları deneyimler analiz edilerek, en çok dile getirilen konular tespit
edilmiştir. Gidiş öncesi hazırlık programlarında, dönen öğrencilerin
başlarından geçen olayları esas alarak, problemlerin üstesinden gelme
stratejilerine ağırlık verilmesi tavsiye edilmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • ATA, Abe (2016). “Research note: How Muslims are perceived in Catholic schools in contemporary Australia: a national survey”. Intercultural Education 27(4): 337-351.
  • BYRAM, Michael (1997). Teaching and Assessing Intercultural Communicative Competence. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
  • CHALMERS, Denise & VOLET, Simone (1997). “Common Misconceptions about Students from South-East Asia Studying in Australia”. Higher Education Research and Development 16(1): 87-99.
  • DEARDORFF, Darla K. (2009). “Intercultural Competence: A Definition, Model, and Implications for Education Abroad”. Developing Intercultural Competence and Transformation: Theory, Research, and Application in International Education. ed. Victor Savicki. Sterling, VA: Stylus Publishing, 32-52.
  • DWYER, Mary, M. (2004). “More is Better: The Impact of Study Abroad Program Duration”. Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad (10): 151-163.
  • GIOVANANGELI, Angela & OGURO, Susan (2016). “Cultural Responsiveness: A Framework for Re-thinking Students’ Interculturality through Study Abroad”. Intercultural Education 27 (1): 70-84.
  • HALL, Edward T. (1976). Beyond Culture. NY: Anchor Books Editions.
  • HITCHCOCK, Graham & HUGHES, David (1995). Research and the teacher: A qualitative introduction to schoolbased research. New York, NY: Routledge.
  • HOLMES, P. - BAVIERI, L. et al. (2015). “Developing intercultural understanding for study abroad: students’ and teachers’ perspectives on pre-departure intercultural learning”. Intercultural Education 26 (1): 16-30.
  • KINGINGER, Celeste (2011). “Enhancing Language Learning in Study Abroad”. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics (31): 58-73.
  • LI, Rose Yanhong & KAYE, Mike (1998). “Understanding Overseas Students’ Concerns and Problems”. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management 20 (1): 41-50.
  • MAKAROVA, Elena & BIRMAN, Dina (2016). “Minority students’ psychological adjustment in the school context: an integrative review of qualitative research on acculturation”. Intercultural Education 27(1): 1-21.
  • MARSHALL, Terry (1989). The whole world guide to language learning. Yarmouth, ME: Intercultural Press.
  • NGUYEN, A. Minh (2012). “Study Abroad’s Contribution to Critical Thinking and World Citizenship”. Think (11): 27-40.
  • OBERG, Karl (1960). “Cultural Shock: Adjustment to new cultural environments”. Practical Anthropology (7): 177-182. RUNDSTROM WILLIAMS, Tracy (2005). “Exploring the Impact of Study Abroad on Students’ Intercultural Communication Skills: Adaptability and Sensitivity”. Journal of Studies in International Education 9 (4): 356-371.
  • SAID, Edward (1978). Orientalism. New York: Vintage Books.
  • SAID, Edward (1997). Covering Islam: How the Media and the Experts Determine How We See the Rest of the World. London: Vintage Books.
  • SCHWEISFURTH, Michele & GU, Qing (2009). “Exploring the experiences of international students in UK higher education: possibilities and limits of interculturality in university life”. Intercultural Education 20 (5): 463-473.
  • WINKELMAN, Michael (1994). “Cultural shock and adaptation”. Journal of Counseling & Development 73 (2): 121-126.
  • WU, Hsiao-ping - GARZA, Esther et al. (2015). “International Student’s Challenge and Adjustment to College”. Education Research International 2015: 1-9.
  • YEH, Christine J. & INOSE, Mayuko (2003). “International students’ reported English fluency, social support satisfaction, and social connectedness as predictors of acculturative stress”. Counselling Psychology Quarterly 16 (1): 15-28.
Toplam 21 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Defne Erdem Mete

Yayımlanma Tarihi 22 Haziran 2017
Gönderilme Tarihi 14 Mart 2017
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2017 Sayı: 37

Kaynak Göster

APA Erdem Mete, D. (2017). TURKISH STUDENTS’ ERASMUS EXPERIENCES: CHALLENGE OF FACING THE UNKNOWN. Selçuk Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi(37), 141-152. https://doi.org/10.21497/sefad.328309

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