ANNE SÜTÜ VE DİŞ SAĞLIĞI

Yıl 2022, , 593 - 602, 24.08.2022

Hülya Çerçi Akçay , Oya Aktören

https://doi.org/10.15311/selcukdentj.956187

Öz

ANNE SÜTÜ ve DİŞ SAĞLIĞI
Anne sütü bebeğin genel sağlığı açısından gerekli tüm besinsel değerleri içeren biyolojik bir besin kaynağıdır. Bu derlemede, anne sütünün içeriğinin tanımlanması ve diş sağlığına etkisini inceleyen güncel çalışmaların bildirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Proteinler, lipitler, karbonhidratlar, vitaminler, mineraller, büyüme faktörleri, hormonlar, makrofaj, lenfosit, nötrofil, epitelyal hücreler, mikro-RNA ve kök hücreler gibi çok sayıda bileşenleri içeren anne sütünün genel sağlık açısından sayısız fonksiyonlara sahip olduğu; anne sütü ile yeterli derecede beslenen çocuklarda büyüme ve gelişimin yanısıra çeşitli hastalık risklerinin de azaldığı belirtilmektedir. Anne sütünün diş sağlığına etkisine ilişkin çalışmalar incelendiğinde, farklı sonuçların literatürde yer aldığı ve çocuklarda sıklıkla beslenme ve emzirme modellerinin diş çürüğüne etkilerinin anket çalışmaları ile retrospektif olarak değerlendirildiği görülmektedir. Çalışmalarda, anne sütünün diş çürüğü oluşumunda bir risk faktörü olmadığı, ancak anne sütü ile beslenme süresi ve sıklığı arttığında diş sağlığının olumsuz etkilenebildiğine ilişkin sonuçlar bildirilmekte; emzirmenin 1 yaşından sonra günde 7’den fazla olmaması, özellikle geceleri sık aralıklarla yapılmaması ve oral hijyenin sağlanması önerilmektedir. Ayrıca çalışmalarda elde edilen bulguların limitasyonların dikkate alınarak değerlendirilmesi gerektiği belirtilmekte; bebeklerin beslenme şekilleri, çürük risk faktörleri, oral hijyen uygulamalarına ilişkin olarak ailelere verilecek eğitimlerin önemi vurgulanmaktadır.
BREAST MILK and DENTAL HEALTH
Breast milk is a biological source that contains all the nutritional values for general health. The aim of this review is to define the contents of breast milk and to report the current studies on effects of breast milk to dental health. Breast milk which contains many components such as proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, growth factors, hormones, macrophages, lymphocytes, neutrophils, epithelial cells, micro-RNA, stem cells, have numerous functions on general health; besides growth and development, the risks of many diseases are decreased in children who are breastfed efficiently. The reviewed studies on association between breastfeeding and dental health have demonstrated that contradictory results are present in the literature and it is seen that the studies have been mostly conducted as surveys analyzing the dietary and breastfeeding patterns of children retrospectively. It has been reported that breast milk is not a risk factor for caries; however, clinical findings revealing that the dental health can be affected negatively when breastfeeding’s duration and frequency increase, are also determined. It has been recommended that breastfeeding should not be more than 7 times a day after age of 1, not to be at frequent intervals, especially at night, and to ensure oral hygiene. Additionally, it has been stated that the findings should be evaluated within the limitations of the studies; and the importance of trainings for families on infants’ feeding methods, caries risk factors, and oral hygiene measures was highlighted.

Anahtar Kelimeler

anne sütü, çocuk dişhekimliği, diş sağlığı

Kaynakça

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