MALOKLÜZYONUOLAN OKUL ÖNCESİ ÇOCUKLARDA AĞIZ-DİŞ SAĞLIĞINA BAĞLI YAŞAM KALİTESİNİ ETKİLEYEN KLİNİK, SOSYO-DEMOGRAFİK VE DAVRANIŞSAL FAKTÖRLER

Yıl 2022, , 479 - 487, 24.08.2022

Yelda Kasımoğlu , Zeynep Şeyda Yavşan , Kadriye Peker , Yeliz Güven , Elif Tuna

https://doi.org/10.15311/selcukdentj.987468

Öz

Amaç: Bu kesitsel çalışmanın amacı, maloklüzyonu olan okul öncesi çocukların ağız sağlığına bağlı yaşam kalitesini etkileyen sosyo-demografik, klinik ve davranışsal faktörlerin incelenmesidir.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya İstanbul Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Pedodonti Anabilim Dalı Kliniği’ne başvuran 113 çocuk (30-71 ay yaş aralığında) ve ebeveyni dahil edildi. Çalışma verileri, klinik muayeneler ile Erken Çocukluk Çağı Ağız Sağlığı Etki Ölçeği’nin (ECOHIS) Türkçe versiyonu, sosyo-demografik ve davranışsal faktörleri içeren bir anket aracılığı ile toplandı. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistik, Mann-Whitney-U testi, Spearman’ın sıralı korelasyon katsayısı ve çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizi kullanıldı.
Bulgular: İkili analizlerde, çürük ve dolgulu diş sayısı ile ECOHIS-toplam, çocuk ve aile alt boyutları skorları arasında anlamlı pozitif korelasyonlar bulundu. Distal basamak ve derin örtülü kapanış maloklüzyon tipi olan çocuklar ile beslenme dışı emme alışkanlığı olanların ağız sağlığına bağlı yaşam kaliteleri olmayanlara göre daha iyi bulundu. Regresyon analizinde, maloklüzyonla alakalı bir alışkanlığın olması, diş çürüğünün olması ve çocuk yaşının artması çocuğa bağlı yaşam kalitesini azaltan ve toplam varyansın %17,1’ini açıklayan faktörler olarak saptandı.
Sonuç: Çocuklarda periodontal durumun ve maloklüzyon tipinin ağız sağlığına bağlı yaşam kalitesini olumsuz etkilemediği saptandı. Diş çürükleri, dolgulu diş sayısı, parafonksiyonel alışkanlıklar, çocuğun yaşı ve eğitim kurumuna devamı ağız sağlığına bağlı yaşam kalitesini etkileyen önemli belirleyenler olarak tespit edildi.

Anahtar Kelimeler

çocuk, erken çocukluk çağı çürüğü, maloklüzyon, yaşam kalitesi

CLINICAL, SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND BEHAVIORAL FACTORS AFFECTING THE ORAL-HEALTH RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE IN PRE-SCHOOL CHILDREN WITH MALOCCLUSION

Öz

Background: The aim of this cross-sectional study is to investigate the socio-demographic, clinical and behavioral factors affecting the oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) in preschool children with malocclusion.
Methods: This study was carried out with 113 children (30-to-71 months) and their parents attending to the clinics of the Pediatric Dentistry Department at Istanbul University. Data were collected through clinical examinations and a questionnaire including the Turkish version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS), socio-demographic and behavioral characteristics. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney-U test, Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient and the multiple linear stepwise regression analysis.
Results: In the bivariate analyses, significant positive correlations were found among the number of decayed and filled teeth, the scores for the total ECOHIS and its child and family sections. It was found that children with distal plane and deep bite malocclusion and those with non-nutritive sucking habit had better oral health-related quality of life than those without. In the regression analysis, having a habit related to malocclusion, presence of dental caries and increasing child age were determined as factors that decreased the child-related quality of life and explained 17.1% of the total variance.
Conclusion: It was determined that periodontal status and malocclusion type did not adversely affect oral health-related quality of life in children. The number of dental caries and filled teeth, having parafunctional habits, child's age and attendance at educational institution were identified as important determinants affecting oral health-related quality of life of children.

Anahtar Kelimeler

children, early childhood caries, malocclusion, OHRQoL

Kaynakça

• 1. Group W. The World Health Organization quality of life assessment (WHOQOL): position paper from the World Health Organization. Social Science & Medicine 1995;41(10):1403-9.
• 2. Gift HC, Atchison KA, Dayton CM. Conceptualizing oral health and oral health-related quality of life. Social Science & Medicine 1997;44(5):601-8.
• 3. Antunes LAA, Ornellas G, Fraga RS, Antunes LS. Oral health outcomes: the association of clinical and socio-dental indicators to evaluate dental caries in preschool children. Ciencia & Saude Coletiva 2018;23:491-500.
• 4. Bulut G, Pekpınarlı B, Gerihan HE, Ersin N, Ertuğrul F, Yetkiner E, et al. İzmir İlinde Okul Öncesi Çocuklarda Çürük ve Maloklüzyonun Ağız Sağlığı ile İlişkili Yaşam Kalitesi Üzerindeki Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi. Turkiye Klinikleri Dishekimligi Bilimleri Dergisi 2021;27(2).
• 5. Abanto J, Tello G, Bonini GC, Oliveira LB, Murakami C, Bönecker M. Impact of traumatic dental injuries and malocclusions on quality of life of preschool children: a population‐based study. International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry 2015;25(1):18-28.
• 6. Corrêa‐Faria P, Paixão‐Gonçalves S, Paiva SM, Martins‐Júnior PA, Vieira‐Andrade RG, Marques LS, et al. Dental caries, but not malocclusion or developmental defects, negatively impacts preschoolers’ quality of life. International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry 2016;26(3):211-9.
• 7. Baltaci E, Baygin Ö, Korkmaz FM. Erken Çocukluk Çağı Çürükleri: Güncel Literatür Derlemesi. Turkiye Klinikleri Dishekimligi Bilimleri Dergisi 2017;23(3).
• 8. Massuia JM, Carvalho WO. Prevalence and associated factors of malocclusion in the primary dentition. RGO Revista Gaúcha de Odontologia (Online) 2012;60(3):329-35.
• 9. Carvalho AC, Paiva SM, Viegas CM, Scarpelli AC, Ferreira FM, Pordeus IA. Impact of malocclusion on oral health-related quality of life among Brazilian preschool children: a population-based study. Brazilian Dental Journal 2013;24(6):655-61.
• 10. Soper D. A-priori Sample Size Calculator for Multiple Regression 2021 [Available from: https://www.danielsoper.com/statcalc/calculator.aspx?id=1.
• 11. Organization WH. Oral health surveys: basic methods: World Health Organization 2013.
• 12. Muhlemann H. Gingival sulcus bleeding-a leading symptom in initial gingivitis. Helvetica Odontologica Acta 1971;15:107-13.
• 13. Baume LJ. Physiological tooth migration and its significance for the development of occlusion: I. The biogenetic course of the deciduous dentition. Journal of Dental Research 1950;29(2):123-32.
• 14. Zhou X, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Zhang H, Chen L, Liu Y. Prevalence of Malocclusion in 3-to 5-year-old children in Shanghai, China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2017;14(3):328.
• 15. Peker K, Uysal Ö, Bermek G. Cross-cultural adaptation and preliminary validation of the Turkish version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale among 5-6-year-old children. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes 2011;9(1):1-11.
• 16. Portney LG, Watkins MP. Foundations of clinical research: applications to practice: Pearson/Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ; 2009.
• 17. Cevahir E. SPSS ile Nicel Veri Analizi Rehberi: Kibele; 2020.
• 18. Nunnally JC. Psychometric theory 3E: Tata McGraw-hill education; 1994.
• 19. So W-C, Wong MK-Y, Lam W-Y, Cheng C-H, Yang J-H, Huang Y, et al. Robot-based intervention may reduce delay in the production of intransitive gestures in Chinese-speaking preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder. Molecular Autism 2018;9(1):1-16.
• 20. Rajab LD, Abdullah RB. Impact of dental caries on the quality of life of preschool children and families in Amman, Jordan. Oral Health & Preventive Dentistry 2020;18:571-82.
• 21. Ayhan H, Suskan E, Yildirim S. The effect of nursing or rampant caries on height, body weight and head circumference. Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 1996;20(3):209-12.
• 22. Wong H, McGrath C, King N, Lo E. Oral health-related quality of life in Hong Kong preschool children. Caries Research 2011;45(4):370-6.
• 23. Antunes LAA, Luiz RR, Leão ATT, Maia LC. Initial assessment of responsiveness of the P‐CPQ (Brazilian Version) to describe the changes in quality of life after treatment for traumatic dental injury. Dental Traumatology 2012;28(4):256-62.
• 24. Cantekin K, Yildirim MD, Cantekin I. Assessing change in quality of life and dental anxiety in young children following dental rehabilitation under general anesthesia. Pediatric Dentistry 2014;36(1):12E-7E.
• 25. Díaz S, Mondol M, Peñate A, Puerta G, Boneckér M, Abanto J. Parental perceptions of impact of oral disorders on Colombian preschoolers' oral health-related quality of life. Acta Odontologica Latinoamericana: AOL 2018;31(1):23-31.
• 26. Sousa RV, Clementino MA, Gomes MC, Martins CC, Granville‐Garcia AF, Paiva SM. Malocclusion and quality of life in B razilian preschoolers. European Journal of Oral Sciences 2014;122(3):223-9.
• 27. Scarpelli AC, Paiva SM, Viegas CM, Carvalho AC, Ferreira FM, Pordeus IA. Oral health‐related quality of life among Brazilian preschool children. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology 2013;41(4):336-44.
• 28. Ling HTB, Sum FHKMH, Zhang L, Yeung CPW, Li KY, Wong HM, et al. The association between nutritive, non-nutritive sucking habits and primary dental occlusion. BMC Oral Health 2018;18(1):1-10.
• 29. Gomes MC, de Almeida Pinto-Sarmento TC, de Brito Costa EMM, Martins CC, Granville-Garcia AF, Paiva SM. Impact of oral health conditions on the quality of life of preschool children and their families: a cross-sectional study. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes 2014;12(1):1-12.
• 30. Sakaryali D, Bani M, Cinar C, Alacam A. Evaluation of the impact of early childhood caries, traumatic dental injury, and malocclusion on oral health–Related quality of life for Turkish preschool children and families. Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice. 2019;22(6):817.
• 31. Kim Seow W. Environmental, maternal, and child factors which contribute to early childhood caries: a unifying conceptual model. International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry 2012;22(3):157-68.
• 32. Gambhir RS, Brar P, Singh G, Sofat A, Kakar H. Utilization of dental care: An Indian outlook. Journal of Natural Science, Biology, and Medicine 2013;4(2):292.
• 33. Jahandideh A, Tüloğlu N. Ebeveynlerin Ağız-Diş Sağlığındaki Koruyucu Uygulamalar Hakkındaki Bilgilerinin Değerlendirilmesi. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 2019;10(4):403-12.