Evaluation of Total Oxidant and Antioxidant Status of Various Pulp Capping Materials on Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 192 - 199, 01.08.2020

Seçkin Aksu Taşkın Gürbüz

https://doi.org/10.15311/selcukdentj.498311

Öz

Background: The
aim of this study was to evaluate the total oxidant and antioxidant status of five
pulp capping materials (Mineral Trioxide Aggregate, Biodentine, Pulpine
Mineral, Endo Repair and Zinc Oxide Eugenol) on human dental pulp stem cells.

Methods: In our study, American Type Culture
Collection human dental pulp stem cells were used. The filter diffusion test
was applied according to ISO standards. At the end of 24^th and 72^nd
hours, biochemical analysis was conducted (n=3). Kruskal Wallis Variance
Analysis and Mann-Whitney U test were used for independent group comparisons
between measurements.

Results: As a result of 24 hours evaluation, only Mineral Trioxide Aggregate
exhibits antioxidative protection similar to control group (p> 0.05), while
other groups remain below this level. It was determined that the total
antioxidant status of all groups was increased between 24 and 72 hours
(p<0.05).  At the end of 72nd hours,
the best preservative groups were Biodentine and Pulpine Mineral, additionally
the weakest protective group was Zinc Oxide Eugenol (p<0.05).            

Conclusions: According to the analysis, it was
determined that all pulp capping materials have an oxidative effect on human
dental pulp stem cells and also have an antioxidant defense mechanism. The highest protection in the acute exposure was found
in the Mineral Trioxide Aggregate group and additionally, Biodentine and
Pulpine Mineral (includig propolis) groups were found to be the most protective
for a long time. The antioxidative effect of ZnOEu group was found to be
insufficient. The propolis containing pulp capping material has been shown to
be a good alternative to calcium phosphate products due to its positive effect
on stem cells.

Keywords: Dental pulp capping, calcium phosphate,
free radicals, propolis.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Dental pulp capping, calcium phosphate, free radicals, propolis

Farklı Pulpa Kaplama Materyallerinin Toplam Oksidan ve Antioksidan Kapasitelerinin İnsan Dental Pulpa Kök Hücreleri Üzerinde Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, beş farklı pulpa kaplama materyalinin (Mineral
Trioksit Agregat, Biodentin, Pulpine Mineral, Endo Repair
ve Çinko Oksit Öjenol) toplam oksidan ve
antioksidan seviyelerinin insan dental pulpa kök hücreleri üzerinde
değerlendirilmesidir.

Gereç ve Yöntemler:Çalışmamızda Amerikan Tipi
Kültür Koleksiyonu insan dental pulpa kök hücreleri kullanılmıştır. Filtre
difüzyon testi, ISO standartlarına göre uygulanmıştır. 24. ve 72. saatlerin
sonunda biyokimyasal analiz yapılmıştır(n = 3). Ölçümler arasında bağımsız grup
karşılaştırmaları için Kruskal Wallis Varyans Analizi ve Mann-Whitney U testi
kullanılmıştır.

Bulgular: 24 saatlik değerlendirme sonucunda, sadece Mineral Trioksit Agregat,
kontrol grubuna benzer antioksidatif koruma gösterirken (p> 0.05), diğer
gruplar bu seviyenin altında kalmıştır. Tüm grupların toplam antioksidan
durumunun 24 ve 72 saat arasında arttığı belirlenmiştir (p <0.05). 72 saatin
sonunda, en iyi koruma Biodentin ve Pulpine Mineral gruplarındai en zayıf
koruma ise Çinko Oksit Eugenol grubunda bulunmuştur (p <0.05).

Sonuçlar: Yapılan
analize göre, tüm pulpa kaplama materyallerinin insan dental pulpa kök
hücreleri üzerinde hem oksidatif etki hem de antioksidan savunma mekanizmasını
uyarıcı etkiye sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. İlk 24 saatte en yüksek korunma Mineral Trioxide Aggregate grubunda, 72
saatte ise; Biodentin ve propolis içeren Pulpine Mineral gruplarında
bulunmuştur. ZnOEu grubunun antioksidatif etkisinin yetersiz olduğu tespit
edilmiştir. Propolis içerikli pulpa kaplama materyalinin kök hücreler
üzerindeki olumlu etkisi nedeniyle kalsiyum fosfat içerikli ürünlere iyi bir
alternatif olabileceği ortaya konulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Diş pulpa kaplaması, kalsiyum fosfat, serbest radikaller, propolis.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Diş pulpa kaplaması, kalsiyum fosfat, serbest radikaller, propolis

Kaynakça

• Schieber M, Chandel N. ROS function in redox signaling and oxidative stress. Curr Biol. 2014; 24.10:453-62. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2014.03.034
• Noctor G, Mhamdi A, Foyer C. Oxidative stress and antioxidative systems: recipes for successful data collection and interpretation. Plant Cell Environ. 2016; 39.5: 1140-60. doi: 10.1111/pce.12726.
• Erel O. A novel automated direct measurement method for total antioxidant capacity using a new generation, more stable ABTS radical cation. Clin Biochem. 2004; 37.4: 277-85. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2003.11.015
• Taso E, Stefanovic V, Stevanovic I, Vojvodic D, Topic A, Petkovic-Curcin A, et al. Influence of Dental Restorations on Oxidative Stress in Gingival Crevicular Fluid. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2018; Jul 24;2018:1823189. doi: 10.1155/2018/1823189
• Oktay E, Tort H, Yıldız O, Ulusoy K, Topcu F, Ozer C. Dental resin curing blue light induces vasoconstriction through release of hydrogen peroxide. J Photochem Photobiol B. 2018; 185:41-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.05.023
• Gomes-Cornélio A, Rodrigues E, Salles L, Mestieri L, Faria G, Guerreiro-Tanomaru J, et al. Bioactivity of MTA Plus, Biodentine and an experimental calcium silicate‐based cement on human osteoblast‐like cells. Int Endod J. 2017; 50(1):39-47. doi: 10.1111/iej.12589
• Bhat S, Hegde S, Adhikari F, Bhat V. Direct pulp capping in an immature incisor using a new bioactive material. Contemp Clin Dent. 2014; 5(3):393-6. doi: 10.4103/0976-237X.137967
• Ahangari Z, Naseri M, Vatandoost F. Propolis: Chemical Composition and Its Applications in Endodontics. Iran Endod J. 2018; 13(3):285-92 doi: 10.22037/iej.v13i3.20994.
• Regoli F, Winston G. Quantification of total oxidant scavenging capacity of antioxidants for peroxynitrite, peroxyl radicals, and hydroxyl radicals. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1999; 156(2):96-105. doi: 10.1006/taap.1999.8637
• Wataha JC. Principles of biocompatibility for dental practitioners. J Prosthet Dent. 2001; 86(2):203-9. doi: 10.1067/mpr.2001.117056
• Hanks CT, Wataha JC, Sun Z. In vitro models of biocompatibility: a review. Dent Mater. 1996; 12(3):186-93. PMID: 9002862
• Tuncer S, Demirci M. Dental materyallerde biyouyumluluk değerlendirmeleri. Atatürk Üniv Diş Hek Fak Derg. 2011; 21: 141-9.
• Mestieri L, Gomes-Cornelio A, Rodrigues E, Salles LP, Bosso-Martelo R, Guerreiro-Tanomaru J, et. al. Biocompatibility and bioactivity of calcium silicate-based endodontic sealers in human dental pulp cells. J Appl Oral Sci. 2015; 23(5):467-71. doi: 10.1590/1678-775720150170
• Atalayın Ç, Ergücü Z, Tezel H. Diş hekimliğinde kök hücre ve dental pulpa kök hücreleri. Acta Odontologica Turcica. 2012; 29: 115-9.
• Gronthos S, Mankani M, Brahim J, Robey PG, Shi S. Postnatal human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) in vitro and in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000; 97(25):13625-30 doi: 10.1073/pnas.240309797
• Verma K, Bains R, Bains V, Rawtiya M, Loomba K, Srivastava S. Therapeutic potential of dental pulp stem cells in regenerative medicine: An overview. Dent Res J (Isfahan). 2014; 11(3):302-8. PMID: 25097638 PMCID: PMC4119361
• Graziano A, d'Aquino R, Laino G, Papaccio G. Dental pulp stem cells: a promising tool for bone regeneration. Stem Cell Rev. 2008; 4(1):21-6. doi: 10.1007/s12015-008-9013-5
• Tekeli S, Arısu Naghavi E, Gökçe B, Sır G, Yiğittürk G, Çavuşoğlu T, et al. Kök hücreler; mezenkimal kök hücreler ve güncel klinik uygulamaları. FNG & Bilim Tıp Transplantasyon Dergisi. 2016; 1(2):72-83.
• Murray P, Godoy C, Godoy F. How is the biocompatibilty of dental biomaterials evaluated? Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2007; 12(3):E258-66. PMID: 17468726Sjögren G, Sletten G, Dahl J. Cytotoxicity of dental alloys, metals, and ceramics assessed by millipore filter, agar overlay, and MTT tests. J Prosthet Dent. 2000; 84(2):229-36. doi: 10.1067/mpr.2000.107227
• Merdad K, Pascon A, Kulkarni G, Santerre P, Friedman S. Short-term cytotoxicity assessment of components of the epiphany resin-percha obturating system by indirect and direct contact millipore filter assays. J Endod. 2007; 33(1):24-7. doi: 10.1016/j.joen.2006.10.003
• Saw T, Cao T, Yap A, Lee N. Tooth slice organ culture and established cell line culture models for cytotoxicity assessment of dental materials. Toxicol In Vitro. 2005; 19(1):145-54. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2004.08.006
• Browne R, Tyas M. Biological testing of dental restorative materials in vitro--a review. J Oral Rehabil. 1979; 6(4):365-74. PMID: 291706
• Guven G, Cehreli Z, Ural A, Serdar M, Basak F. Effect of mineral trioxide aggregate cements on transforming growth factor β1 and bone morphogenetic protein production by human fibroblasts in vitro. J Endod. 2007; 33(4):447-50. doi: 10.1016/j.joen.2006.12.020
• Farhadmollashahi N, Ghotbi F, Karkeabadi H, Havaei R. Cytotoxic effects of mineral trioxide aggregate, calcium enrichedmixture cement, Biodentine and octacalcium pohosphate onhuman gingival fibroblasts. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects. 2016; 10(2):75-80. doi: 10.15171/joddd.2016.012
• Saberi E, Karkehabadi H, Mollashahi N. Cytotoxicity of Various Endodontic Materials on Stem Cells of Human Apical Papilla. Iran Endod J. 2016; 11(1):17-22. doi: 10.7508/iej.2016.01.004
• Zanini M, Sautier J, Berdal A, Simon S. Biodentine induces immortalized murine pulp cell differentiation into odontoblast-like cells and stimulates biomineralization. J Endod. 2012; 38(9):1220-6. doi: 10.1016/j.joen.2012.04.018
• Koubi G, Colon P, Franquin J, Hartmann A, Richard G, Faure M, et al. Clinical evaluation of the performance and safety of a new dentine substitute, Biodentine, in the restoration of posterior teet--a prospective study. Clin Oral Investig. 2013 Jan;17(1):243-9. doi: 10.1007/s00784-012-0701-9
• Agrafioti A, Taraslia V, Chrepa V, Lymperi S, Panopoulos P, Anastasiadou E, et al. Interaction of dental pulp stem cells with Biodentine and MTA after exposure to different environments. J Appl Oral Sci. 2016; 24(5):481-486. doi: 10.1590/1678-775720160099
• E Peng W, Liu W, Zhai W, Jiang L, Li L, Chang J,et al. Effect of tricalcium silicate on the proliferation and odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp cells. J Endod. 2011; 37(9):1240-6. doi: 10.1016/j.joen.2011.05.035
• Minamikawa H, Yamada M, Deyama Y, Suzuki K, Kaga M, Yawaka Y, et. al. Effect of N-acetylcysteine on rat dental pulp cells cultured on mineral trioxide aggregate. J Endod. 2011 May;37(5):637-41 doi: 10.1016/j.joen.2011.02.012
• Pascual C, Gonzalez R., Torricella R. Scavenging action of propolis extract against oxygen radicals. J Ethnopharmacol. 1994; 41(1-2):9-13. PMID: 8170165
• Mujica V, Orrego R, Pérez J, Romero P, Ovalle P, Zúñiga-Hernández J. The role of propolis in oxidative stress and lipid metabolism: a randomized controlled trial. E Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2017; 2017:4272940. DOI: 10.1155/2017/4272940
• Lee, Jung-Hwan, et al. Immunomodulatory/anti-inflammatory effect of ZOE-based dental materials. Dent Mater. 2017; 33(1):e1-e12. doi: 10.1016/j.dental.2016.09.012
• Malkoç M, Demİr N, Şengün A, Bozkurt Ş, Hakki S. Cytotoxicity of temporary cements on bovine dental pulp-derived cells (bDPCs) using realtime cell analysis. J Adv Prosthodont. 2015; 7(1):21-6. doi: 10.4047/jap.2015.7.1.21