The Determination of Agronomic Characteristics of Pea Lines in F4 Generation

Öz

Peas, the fourth most produced legume globally, suffer from yield losses due to diseases. Developing disease-tolerant varieties can contribute to sustainable agriculture by meeting the protein needs through pea cultivation. For this reason, 24 pea lines, advanced to the F4 generation through hybridization and single-seed descent selection, along with 6 control varieties, were evaluated in 2016 under field conditions in Konya using an Augmented Experimental Design with three replications. Among the genotypes, the highest number of pods per plant (11.35 pods) was observed in the line coded as G1 (10-1). The line coded as G11 (12-1) demonstrated the highest seed yield (229.93 kg da⁻¹). Additionally, plants exhibiting natural symptoms of viral infection and powdery mildew under field conditions were scored as 1 (diseased), while those without symptoms were scored as 3 (healthy). To evaluate the tolerance of genotypes under these biotic stress conditions, a path analysis was conducted. The path model revealed that plant height, pod width, and pod height were associated with the presence of viral and powdery mildew pathogens. Furthermore, a cluster analysis based on these five traits grouped the 24 lines and 6 control varieties into four clusters. In the first group, comprising susceptible genotypes, G11 (12-1) and G9 (4) emerged as the most tolerant lines. The second group included genotypes tolerant to both pathogens, with G10 (208) standing out. The third group consisted of genotypes tolerant to powdery mildew, with G1 (10-1), G2 (15), and G18 (10-1 Ozel S) being prominent. The fourth and final group, composed of the most tolerant genotypes, identified G12 (10-1 Ozel) as the most productive type. Based on the findings, we conclude that these eight genotypes, characterized by high tolerance to diseases and superior seed yield, hold potential as genetic resources for developing high-yielding, disease-resistant pea varieties.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Augmented Trial Design
• Plant Breeding
• Pisum sativum ssp. arvense
• Selection
• Yield

F4 Generasyonundaki Bezelye Hatlarının Tarımsal Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi

Öz

Dünyada en çok üretilen dördüncü baklagil olan bezelyede hastalıklar verim kaybına neden olan faktörlerdendir. Hastalıklara toleranslı çeşit geliştirilmesi suretiyle bezelye protein ihtiyacının karşılanmasında sürdürülebilir tarıma imkan sunmaktadır. Bu sebeple, melezlenmiş ve teksel seleksiyonla F4 generasyonuna getirilmiş olan 24 bezelye hattı ve 6 kontrol variety 2016 yılında Konya’da tarla şartlarında Augmented Deneme Desenine göre 3 tekerrürlü olacak şekilde planlanması yapılmıştır. Genotipler içerisinde ise bitki başına en fazla bakla sayısı 11.35 adet ile G1 kodlu 10-1 hattından elde edilmiştir. G11 kodlu 12-1 hat ise tohum verimi (229,93 kg da-1) açısından en yüksek değerlere sahip olduğu ifade edilebilir. Ayrıca çalışmamızda, tarla şartlarında doğal olarak gelişen virüs ve külleme semptom varlığı gösterenler skor 1 hasta olarak, göstermeyenler ise skor 3 sağlıklı olarak belirlenmiş ve bu etmenlerin varlığında genotiplerin gösterdikleri toleransı belirlemek amacıyla path analizi yapılmıştır. Path model sonucunda bitki boyu, bakla genişliği ve bakla yüksekliğinin virüs ve külleme etmeni varlığı ile ilişkili olduğu ifade edilebilir. Ayrıca bu beş özellik kullanılarak yapılan kümeleme analizi sonucunda 24 hat ve 6 kontrol variety dört gruba ayrılmıştır. Birinci grup olan hassas içindeki en toleranslı genotipler G11 (12-1) ve G9(4) hatları ön plana çıkmıştır. İkinci grup olan iki patojen etmenine karşı toleranslı olan ise G10 (208) genotipidir. Üçüncü grupta külleme hastalığına toleranslı tipler yer almakta olup G1 (10-1), G2 (15) ve G18 (10-1 Ozel S) genotipleri ön plana çıkmaktadır. En toleranslı genotiplerden oluşan son grupta ise G12 kodlu 10-1 Ozel genotipi en verimli tip olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışmamızın sonucunda ön plana çıkan bu sekiz genotip ile hastalıklara yüksek tolerans gösteren ve tane verimi yüksek olan çeşitlerin geliştirilmesinde gen kaynağı olarak kullanabileceği kanaatindeyiz.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Augmented Deneme Deseni
• Bitki Islahı
• Pisum sativum ssp. arvense
• Seleksiyon
• Verim

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