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Occurrence of Virus in Some Watermelon Growing Areas of Kwara State, Nigeria

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 39 Sayı: 2, 259 - 267, 27.08.2025
https://doi.org/10.15316/selcukjafsci.1476097

Öz

A survey was carried out between September to November 2019 in 8 locations of Kwara State noted for watermelon cultivation to determine the incidence, severity, and distribution of viruses infecting watermelon on the field. Thirty leave samples showing symptoms like mosaic, chlorosis, stunting, leaf deformation, and necrosis were collected randomly per each farm and analyzed using antigen-coated plate enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ACP-ELISA). Seven viruses were detected across different locations: Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Watermelon Mosaic Virus (WMV), Cowpea Mottle Virus (CMeV), Cowpea Mild Mosaic Virus (CPMMV), Southern Bean Mosaic Virus (SBMV), Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus (ZYMV), Papaya Ringspot Virus (PRV). CMV had the highest incidence (100%), followed by CMeV (50%). However, ZYMV and PRV recorded the lowest incidence with 12.5% and 25% respectively. The result also revealed the location with the highest incidence was Agric AJ1 (80%) with the lowest coming from Onireke (35%). The average severity score across the locations was 2.9 with Agric AJ1 and Unilorin having the highest score (4) while Olomu, Eyenkorin, and Lafiaji 1 had the lowest (2). Findings from this research underscore the need to educate farmers on the importance of using resistant cultivars as well as proper cultural practices

Kaynakça

  • Adediji OA, Temitope IF, Atiri G (2020). Occurrence and molecular characterization of Pepper veinal mottle virus from solanaceous crops. International Journal of Vegetable Science, 27(2):187-197. https://doi.org/10.1080/19315260.2020.1756552
  • Agrios GN (2005). Plant Pathology, 5th edn. Academic Press, USA. 922 pp.
  • Akhtar KP, Ryu KH, Saleem MY, Asghar M, Jamil FF, Haq MA (2008). Occurrence of Cucumber mosaic virus sub group IA in tomato in Pakistan. Journal Plant Disease Protection, 115 (1): 2-3. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf03356231
  • Ali A, Mohammad O, Khattab A (2012). Distribution of viruses infecting cucurbit crops and isolation of potential new virus-like sequences from weeds in Oklahoma. Plant Disease, 96 (2): 243-248. https://doi.org/10.1094/pdis-05-11-0419
  • Aliyu T (2014). The incidence, severity, and occurrence of four viruses infecting pepper (Capsicum spp.) in the southern guinea savannah agro-ecological zone of Nigeria. Agriculturae Conspectus Scientificus, 79 (4): 233-237.
  • Aliyu T, Balogun O, Uddin R (2013). Cowpea virus disease occurrence: Implication for food security and sustainable development in Kwara State-Nigeria. Albanian Journal of Agricultural Science, 12(4): 633-639.
  • Arogundade O, Oresanya A, Matthew JO, Kareem KT, Onyeanusi H (2019). Natural occurrence of cucumber mosaic virus in Ogeira (Eleutheranthera ruderalis) in Nigeria. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection, 52 (1-2): 108-113.
  • Dantata IJ (2014). Assessing watermelon cultivars under different planting distances in Bauchi North, Nigeria. Asian Journal of Applied Sciences, 2(3):381-386.
  • Eni AO, Hughes J, Robert A, Rey C (2009). Survey of the incidence and distribution of viruses infecting yam (Dioscorea spp.) in Ghana and Togo. Annals of Applied Biology, 156(2): 243-251.
  • Enujeke EC (2013). An assessment of some growth and yield indices of six varieties of watermelon (Citrulus Lanatus Thumb) in Asaba area of Delta State, Nigeria. International Research Journal Agricultural Soil Science, 3(11) 376-382.
  • Ibrahim UW, Umar ASS, Ahmed B (2014). Technical efficiency and its determinants in watermelon production in Borno State, Nigeria. Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development, 5(27): 205-211.
  • Kimani EN, Micheni CM, Muriki LG, Kiarie SM, Miano DW, Macharia I, … Wangai, A (2024). Influence of genotypes and crop growth stage at time of infection on seed transmission of maize chlorotic mottle virus. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection, 57(2): 95–111. https://doi.org/10.1080/0323-5408.2024.2331040
  • Kwara State Agricultural Development Project, KWADP (2006). Agronomic Survey Report.
  • Milojevic K, Stankovic I, Vucurovic. Ristic D, Nikolic D, Bulajic A, Krstic B (2012). First Report of Cucumber mosaic virus Infecting Watermelon in Serbia. Plant Disease, 96(11): 1706-1706. https://doi.org/10.1094/pdis-07-12-0631-pdn
  • Okunlola A, Adejoro S, Fakanlu G (2011). Evaluation of some manure types for the growth and yield of watermelon in Southwestern Nigeria. Researcher, 38(3): 61-66.
  • Pratap D, Kumar S, Raj SK (2008). First molecular identification of a Cucumber mosaic virus isolate causing shoestring symptoms on tomato in India. Australasian Plant Disease Notes, 3: 57–58. https://doi.org/10.1071/DN08023
  • Raimundo WSA, Adelmo R, Augustus CFP, Magnolia ML, Mirtes FL, Renato OR, Tatsuya N (2015). Serological identification of virus in watermelon production fields in the Tocantins state. Brazilian Archives of Biological Technology, 58(2):192-197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1516-8913201400219
  • Reetu D, Tomar M (2018). Watermelon: A valuable horticultural crop with nutritional benefits. Popular Kheti, 5(2): 5-9.
  • Roossinck MJ (2011). The good viruses: viral mutualistic symbioses. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 9(2): 99-108. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro2491
  • World Atlas (2020). World’s leading watermelon producing countries. https://www.atlasbig.com/en-gb/countries-by-watermelon-production (Access date: 29.03.2020)
  • Ziebell H, Murphy AM, Groen SC, Tungadi T, Westwood JH, Lewsey MG, Moulin M, Kleczkowski A, Smith AG, Stevens M, Powell G, Carr JP (2011). Cucumber mosaic virus and its 2b RNA silencing suppressor modify plant-aphid interactions in tobacco. Scientific Reports, 1:187. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep00187

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 39 Sayı: 2, 259 - 267, 27.08.2025
https://doi.org/10.15316/selcukjafsci.1476097

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Adediji OA, Temitope IF, Atiri G (2020). Occurrence and molecular characterization of Pepper veinal mottle virus from solanaceous crops. International Journal of Vegetable Science, 27(2):187-197. https://doi.org/10.1080/19315260.2020.1756552
  • Agrios GN (2005). Plant Pathology, 5th edn. Academic Press, USA. 922 pp.
  • Akhtar KP, Ryu KH, Saleem MY, Asghar M, Jamil FF, Haq MA (2008). Occurrence of Cucumber mosaic virus sub group IA in tomato in Pakistan. Journal Plant Disease Protection, 115 (1): 2-3. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf03356231
  • Ali A, Mohammad O, Khattab A (2012). Distribution of viruses infecting cucurbit crops and isolation of potential new virus-like sequences from weeds in Oklahoma. Plant Disease, 96 (2): 243-248. https://doi.org/10.1094/pdis-05-11-0419
  • Aliyu T (2014). The incidence, severity, and occurrence of four viruses infecting pepper (Capsicum spp.) in the southern guinea savannah agro-ecological zone of Nigeria. Agriculturae Conspectus Scientificus, 79 (4): 233-237.
  • Aliyu T, Balogun O, Uddin R (2013). Cowpea virus disease occurrence: Implication for food security and sustainable development in Kwara State-Nigeria. Albanian Journal of Agricultural Science, 12(4): 633-639.
  • Arogundade O, Oresanya A, Matthew JO, Kareem KT, Onyeanusi H (2019). Natural occurrence of cucumber mosaic virus in Ogeira (Eleutheranthera ruderalis) in Nigeria. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection, 52 (1-2): 108-113.
  • Dantata IJ (2014). Assessing watermelon cultivars under different planting distances in Bauchi North, Nigeria. Asian Journal of Applied Sciences, 2(3):381-386.
  • Eni AO, Hughes J, Robert A, Rey C (2009). Survey of the incidence and distribution of viruses infecting yam (Dioscorea spp.) in Ghana and Togo. Annals of Applied Biology, 156(2): 243-251.
  • Enujeke EC (2013). An assessment of some growth and yield indices of six varieties of watermelon (Citrulus Lanatus Thumb) in Asaba area of Delta State, Nigeria. International Research Journal Agricultural Soil Science, 3(11) 376-382.
  • Ibrahim UW, Umar ASS, Ahmed B (2014). Technical efficiency and its determinants in watermelon production in Borno State, Nigeria. Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development, 5(27): 205-211.
  • Kimani EN, Micheni CM, Muriki LG, Kiarie SM, Miano DW, Macharia I, … Wangai, A (2024). Influence of genotypes and crop growth stage at time of infection on seed transmission of maize chlorotic mottle virus. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection, 57(2): 95–111. https://doi.org/10.1080/0323-5408.2024.2331040
  • Kwara State Agricultural Development Project, KWADP (2006). Agronomic Survey Report.
  • Milojevic K, Stankovic I, Vucurovic. Ristic D, Nikolic D, Bulajic A, Krstic B (2012). First Report of Cucumber mosaic virus Infecting Watermelon in Serbia. Plant Disease, 96(11): 1706-1706. https://doi.org/10.1094/pdis-07-12-0631-pdn
  • Okunlola A, Adejoro S, Fakanlu G (2011). Evaluation of some manure types for the growth and yield of watermelon in Southwestern Nigeria. Researcher, 38(3): 61-66.
  • Pratap D, Kumar S, Raj SK (2008). First molecular identification of a Cucumber mosaic virus isolate causing shoestring symptoms on tomato in India. Australasian Plant Disease Notes, 3: 57–58. https://doi.org/10.1071/DN08023
  • Raimundo WSA, Adelmo R, Augustus CFP, Magnolia ML, Mirtes FL, Renato OR, Tatsuya N (2015). Serological identification of virus in watermelon production fields in the Tocantins state. Brazilian Archives of Biological Technology, 58(2):192-197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1516-8913201400219
  • Reetu D, Tomar M (2018). Watermelon: A valuable horticultural crop with nutritional benefits. Popular Kheti, 5(2): 5-9.
  • Roossinck MJ (2011). The good viruses: viral mutualistic symbioses. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 9(2): 99-108. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro2491
  • World Atlas (2020). World’s leading watermelon producing countries. https://www.atlasbig.com/en-gb/countries-by-watermelon-production (Access date: 29.03.2020)
  • Ziebell H, Murphy AM, Groen SC, Tungadi T, Westwood JH, Lewsey MG, Moulin M, Kleczkowski A, Smith AG, Stevens M, Powell G, Carr JP (2011). Cucumber mosaic virus and its 2b RNA silencing suppressor modify plant-aphid interactions in tobacco. Scientific Reports, 1:187. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep00187
Toplam 21 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Tarımda Bitki Virolojisi
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Oluropo Ayotunde Apalowo 0000-0002-5136-9831

Olusegun Balogun 0009-0002-5917-581X

Nkechi Betsy Izuogu Bu kişi benim 0000-0003-0362-441X

Abisola Banji Bu kişi benim 0009-0004-0992-2949

Halimat Shola Baba Bu kişi benim 0009-0008-4671-5825

Maduabuchi Johnbosco Okafor Bu kişi benim 0000-0003-3751-0023

Emmanuel Chinweike Nnabuihe Bu kişi benim 0000-0003-1403-5733

Duyilemi Akinyemi Bu kişi benim 0009-0002-1454-6058

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 7 Ağustos 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 27 Ağustos 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 1 Mayıs 2024
Kabul Tarihi 17 Mart 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 39 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Apalowo, O. A., Balogun, O., Izuogu, N. B., … Banji, A. (2025). Occurrence of Virus in Some Watermelon Growing Areas of Kwara State, Nigeria. Selcuk Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences, 39(2), 259-267. https://doi.org/10.15316/selcukjafsci.1476097
AMA Apalowo OA, Balogun O, Izuogu NB, vd. Occurrence of Virus in Some Watermelon Growing Areas of Kwara State, Nigeria. Selcuk J Agr Food Sci. Ağustos 2025;39(2):259-267. doi:10.15316/selcukjafsci.1476097
Chicago Apalowo, Oluropo Ayotunde, Olusegun Balogun, Nkechi Betsy Izuogu, Abisola Banji, Halimat Shola Baba, Maduabuchi Johnbosco Okafor, Emmanuel Chinweike Nnabuihe, ve Duyilemi Akinyemi. “Occurrence of Virus in Some Watermelon Growing Areas of Kwara State, Nigeria”. Selcuk Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences 39, sy. 2 (Ağustos 2025): 259-67. https://doi.org/10.15316/selcukjafsci.1476097.
EndNote Apalowo OA, Balogun O, Izuogu NB, Banji A, Baba H S, Okafor MJ, Nnabuihe EC, Akinyemi D (01 Ağustos 2025) Occurrence of Virus in Some Watermelon Growing Areas of Kwara State, Nigeria. Selcuk Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences 39 2 259–267.
IEEE O. A. Apalowo, O. Balogun, N. B. Izuogu, A. Banji, H. S. Baba, M. J. Okafor, E. C. Nnabuihe, ve D. Akinyemi, “Occurrence of Virus in Some Watermelon Growing Areas of Kwara State, Nigeria”, Selcuk J Agr Food Sci, c. 39, sy. 2, ss. 259–267, 2025, doi: 10.15316/selcukjafsci.1476097.
ISNAD Apalowo, Oluropo Ayotunde vd. “Occurrence of Virus in Some Watermelon Growing Areas of Kwara State, Nigeria”. Selcuk Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences 39/2 (Ağustos2025), 259-267. https://doi.org/10.15316/selcukjafsci.1476097.
JAMA Apalowo OA, Balogun O, Izuogu NB, Banji A, Baba H S, Okafor MJ, Nnabuihe EC, Akinyemi D. Occurrence of Virus in Some Watermelon Growing Areas of Kwara State, Nigeria. Selcuk J Agr Food Sci. 2025;39:259–267.
MLA Apalowo, Oluropo Ayotunde vd. “Occurrence of Virus in Some Watermelon Growing Areas of Kwara State, Nigeria”. Selcuk Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences, c. 39, sy. 2, 2025, ss. 259-67, doi:10.15316/selcukjafsci.1476097.
Vancouver Apalowo OA, Balogun O, Izuogu NB, Banji A, Baba H S, Okafor MJ, vd. Occurrence of Virus in Some Watermelon Growing Areas of Kwara State, Nigeria. Selcuk J Agr Food Sci. 2025;39(2):259-67.

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