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Population Development and Infestation Rate of Pistachio twig Borer [Kermania pistaciella Amsel (Lepidoptera: Tineidae)] in Pistachio Orchards in Middle Euphrates Valley, Türkiye

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 39 Sayı: 2, 391 - 406, 27.08.2025
https://doi.org/10.15316/selcukjafsci.1650937

Öz

Pistachio is a strategic crop for Turkey, and the country ranks third in global pistachio production after Iran and the United States. Numerous pests adversely affect pistachio production, with one of the most significant being Kermania pistaciella Amsel (Lepidoptera: Tineidae). This study was conducted to determine the population development of Kermania pistaciella adults and the infestation rate in shoots and fruit clusters in pistachio orchards of Innaplı, Surtepe and Keskince villages in the Middle Euphrates Valley in 2019. Three delta-type pheromone traps were installed in each orchard. Trap counts were conducted weekly. To determine the pest's infestation rates in shoots and fruits clusters, 100 shoots and 100 clusters were inspected in each orchard. The results showed that the first adult flights of K. pistaciella began in the last days of March. The pest population peaked on April 20 in all three locations, with 1263, 977, and 513 adult trap-1 captured in Innaplı, Surtepe, and Keskince, respectively. After an approximately six-week flight period in nature, the last adult flight was recorded on May 11. Throughout season in Innaplı, Surtepe, and Keskince, a total of 3 306, 2 574 and 1 651 adult trap-1 were captured, respectively. The infestation rates in the terminal shoots were 16%, 12%, and 8% while in fruit clusters were determined as 12%, 9%, and 6% in Innaplı, Surtepe, and Keskince, respectively. In conclusion, K. pistaciella formed a high population in pistachio orchards of the Middle Euphrates Valley, causing infestations above the economic damage threshold. Since chemical control measures have not provided sufficient success against K. pistaciella, the pest population and damage rates can be reduced through environmentally friendly biotechnical control methods, such as mass trapping, which must be implemented by all producers.

Etik Beyan

Since this study does not involve any research on human or animal subjects, ethical approval was not required.

Destekleyen Kurum

Harran University

Proje Numarası

HÜBAP-19276

Teşekkür

This study was financially supported by the Harran University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit (Project Number: HÜBAP-19276).

Kaynakça

  • Abbaszadeh G, Seiedoleslami H, Semih MA, Hatami B (2006). Bioecology of pistachio twig borer moth Kermania pistaciella Amsel, in Rafsanjan and Isfahan-Iran. Communications in Agricultural and Applied Biological Sciences 71(2b), 563-570
  • Açar I (2016). Antepfıstığı yetiştiriciliği. Agromedya 24: 58-64.
  • Anonymous (2008). T.C. Tarım Orman ve Köy İşleri Bakanlığı Tarımsal Araştırmalar Genel Müdürlüğü, Zirai Mücadele Teknik Talimatları. 5: 206-208
  • Anonymous (2011). Antepfıstığı Entegre Mücadele Teknik Talimatı. Tarımsal Araştırmalar ve Politikalar Genel Müdürlüğü, s. 29, Ankara.
  • Babadoğan G (2007). Antep Fıstığı, T.C. Başbakanlık Dış Ticaret Müsteşarlığı İhracatı Geliştirme Etüd Merkezi.
  • Basirat M (2006). Determination of heat requirements for pistachio twig borer moth, Kermania pistaciella. Acta Horticulturae 726, 519-523. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2006.726.86
  • Basirat M, Mehrnejad MR (2019). Population density of the pistachio twig borer moth, Kermania pistaciella Amsel on pistachio cultivars. Applied Entomology and Phytopathology 86(2), 121-132.
  • Bayram M (2011). Comparison of unsplit inshell and shelled kernel of the pistachio nuts, Journal of Food Engineering 107, 374-378. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2011.07.001
  • Bellomo MG, Fallico B (2007). Anthocyanins, chlorophylls and xanthophylls in pistachio nuts (Pistacia vera) of different geographic origin, Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 20, 352-359. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2006.04.002
  • Bolu H (2002). Investigations on the fauna of insects and mites in pistachio areas in South Eastern Anatolia Region of Türkiye. Turkish Journal of Entomology 26 (3), 197-208.
  • Bolu H (2020). Population development of twig borer moth, Kermania pistaciella (Lepidoptera: Oinophilidae) and its pupae parasitoid Microchelonus fissilis (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) on pistachio in Türkiye. International Journal of Innovative Engineering Applications 4(2), 91-95. https://doi.org/10.46460/ijiea.828233
  • Davatchi GA (1956). Sur quelques insectes nuisibles au pistachier en Iran. Revue de Pathologie Végétale et D'etomologie Agricole de France 35, 17-26.
  • Fakhri N, Abbasipour H (2019). Population fluctuations of the pistachio twig borer, Kermania pistaciella Amsel, 1964 (Lep.: Oinophylidae) using delta pheromone trap. Acta agriculturae Slovenica 114(1), 13-20. https://doi.org/10.14720/aas.2019.114.1.2
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  • Karuserci B (2020). Antepfıstığının kültür tarihi. https://arastirma.tarimorman.gov.tr/afistik/Belgeler/AYRILMI%C5%9E%20MAKALELER/99-ANTEPFISTI%C4%9EININ%20K%C3%9CLT%C3%9CR%20TAR%C4%B0H%C4%B0%202020.pdf (access date: 03.03.2025)
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Orta Fırat Vadisindeki Antepfıstığı Bahçelerinde Kermania pistaciella Amsel (Lepidoptera: Tineidae)’nin Popülasyon Gelişimi ve Bulaşıklık Oranı

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 39 Sayı: 2, 391 - 406, 27.08.2025
https://doi.org/10.15316/selcukjafsci.1650937

Öz

Antepfıstığı Türkiye için stratejik bir ürün olup dünya antepfıstığı üretiminde İran ve ABD’den sonra üçüncü sırada yer almaktadır. Antepfıstığı üretimini olumsuz yönden etkileyen birçok zararlı bulunmaktadır. Bu zararlıların en önemlilerinden bir tanesi de Kermania pistaciella Amsel (Lepidoptera: Tineidae)’dır. Bu nedenle, bu çalışma 2019 yılında Orta Fırat Vadisindeki antepfıstığı bahçelerinde K. pistaciella erginlerinin popülasyon gelişimini ve sürgün ile salkımlardaki bulaşıklık oranını belirlemek için yapılmıştır. Bu amaçla Innaplı, Surtepe ve Keskince köylerinde birer antepfıstığı bahçesinde üçer adet delta tipi eşeysel çekici feromon tuzağı kurulmuştur. Tuzak sayımları haftalık olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Zararlının sürgün ve salkımlardaki bulaşıklığını belirlemek için her bahçede 100 sürgün ve 100 salkım kontrol edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, K. pistaciella’nın, ilk ergin uçuşlarının mart ayının son günlerinde başladığı ve bu tarihin antepfıstığı ağaçlarında karagözler ve sürgün gözlerinin uyanmaya başladığı döneme denk geldiği belirlenmiştir. Zararlının popülasyonunun her üç lokasyonda da 20 Nisan tarihinde pik yaptığı bu tarihte Innaplı, Surtepe ve Keskince köylerinde sırasıyla 1 263, 977 ve 513 ergin tuzak-1 yakalandığı tespit edilmiştir. Doğada yaklaşık altı haftalık bir uçuş periyodunun ardından son ergin uçuşu 11 Mayıs tarihinde gerçekleşmiştir. Çalışmanın yapıldığı sezon boyunca tuzaklarda toplam olarak Innaplı ’da 3306 ergin tuzak-1, Surtepe ’de 2 574 ergin tuzak-1 ve Keskince ’de 1 651 ergin tuzak-1 yakalandığı tespit edilmiştir. Tespit edilen K. pistaciella popülasyon yoğunluğuna paralel olarak kör salkım oranlarının fazla olduğu, salkım tanelerinin seyrekleştiği gözlemlenmiştir. Çalışmanın yürütüldüğü Innaplı, Surtepe ve Keskince köylerindeki antepfıstığı bahçelerinde sırasıyla son yıl sürgünlerinin %16, %12 ve %8 oranında, meyve salkımlarının ise %12, %9 ve %6 oranında bulaşık olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak zararlının Orta Fırat Vadisi’ndeki antepfıstığı bahçelerinde yüksek popülasyon oluşturduğu ve ekonomik zarar eşiğinin üzerinde bulaşıklığa sebep olduğu belirlenmiştir. Kermania pistaciella ile mücadelede kimyasal uygulamalar yeterli başarıyı getirmediğinden tüm üreticiler tarafından uygulanacak kitlesel tuzaklama yöntemi gibi doğa dostu biyoteknik mücadele teknikleriyle zararlının popülasyonu düşürülerek zarar oranı azaltılabilir.

Proje Numarası

HÜBAP-19276

Kaynakça

  • Abbaszadeh G, Seiedoleslami H, Semih MA, Hatami B (2006). Bioecology of pistachio twig borer moth Kermania pistaciella Amsel, in Rafsanjan and Isfahan-Iran. Communications in Agricultural and Applied Biological Sciences 71(2b), 563-570
  • Açar I (2016). Antepfıstığı yetiştiriciliği. Agromedya 24: 58-64.
  • Anonymous (2008). T.C. Tarım Orman ve Köy İşleri Bakanlığı Tarımsal Araştırmalar Genel Müdürlüğü, Zirai Mücadele Teknik Talimatları. 5: 206-208
  • Anonymous (2011). Antepfıstığı Entegre Mücadele Teknik Talimatı. Tarımsal Araştırmalar ve Politikalar Genel Müdürlüğü, s. 29, Ankara.
  • Babadoğan G (2007). Antep Fıstığı, T.C. Başbakanlık Dış Ticaret Müsteşarlığı İhracatı Geliştirme Etüd Merkezi.
  • Basirat M (2006). Determination of heat requirements for pistachio twig borer moth, Kermania pistaciella. Acta Horticulturae 726, 519-523. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2006.726.86
  • Basirat M, Mehrnejad MR (2019). Population density of the pistachio twig borer moth, Kermania pistaciella Amsel on pistachio cultivars. Applied Entomology and Phytopathology 86(2), 121-132.
  • Bayram M (2011). Comparison of unsplit inshell and shelled kernel of the pistachio nuts, Journal of Food Engineering 107, 374-378. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2011.07.001
  • Bellomo MG, Fallico B (2007). Anthocyanins, chlorophylls and xanthophylls in pistachio nuts (Pistacia vera) of different geographic origin, Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 20, 352-359. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2006.04.002
  • Bolu H (2002). Investigations on the fauna of insects and mites in pistachio areas in South Eastern Anatolia Region of Türkiye. Turkish Journal of Entomology 26 (3), 197-208.
  • Bolu H (2020). Population development of twig borer moth, Kermania pistaciella (Lepidoptera: Oinophilidae) and its pupae parasitoid Microchelonus fissilis (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) on pistachio in Türkiye. International Journal of Innovative Engineering Applications 4(2), 91-95. https://doi.org/10.46460/ijiea.828233
  • Davatchi GA (1956). Sur quelques insectes nuisibles au pistachier en Iran. Revue de Pathologie Végétale et D'etomologie Agricole de France 35, 17-26.
  • Fakhri N, Abbasipour H (2019). Population fluctuations of the pistachio twig borer, Kermania pistaciella Amsel, 1964 (Lep.: Oinophylidae) using delta pheromone trap. Acta agriculturae Slovenica 114(1), 13-20. https://doi.org/10.14720/aas.2019.114.1.2
  • FAO (2024). Crops and livestock products/Pistachio. https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL (access date: 03.03.2025)
  • Gül Yavuz G (2011). Sert Kabuklu Meyveler/ Antep Fıstığı. TEPGE BAKIŞ, Tarımsal Ekonomi Ve Politika Geliştirme Enstitüsü, Aralık 2011 / ISSN: 1303–8346 / Nüsha: 5, Ankara.
  • Günaydin T (1978). Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi’nde Antepfıstıklarında Zarar Yapan Böcek Türleri, Tanımları, Yayılışları ve Ekonomik Önemleri Üzerinde Araştırmalar. Yayınlanmamış Uzmanlık Tezi Diyarbakır Zirai Mücadele Enstitüsü, Diyarbakır. 106.
  • Güneş A (2001). Şanlıurfa İli Antepfıstığı Alanlarında Kermania pistaciella Amsel'nin biyolojisi ve zarar durumu. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Harran Üniversitesi, Şanlıurfa.
  • Hormaza JI, Wünsch A (2007). Pistachio. In Fruits and nuts (pp. 243-251), Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
  • Kaplan C, Çiftçi MC, Çakmak S (2018). Insect pests in pistachio producing areas of Türkiye. International Congress on Mathematic, Engineering and Natural Sciences-IV, 11-13 August 2018, Kiev, Ukraine, pp.8.
  • Karuserci B (2020). Antepfıstığının kültür tarihi. https://arastirma.tarimorman.gov.tr/afistik/Belgeler/AYRILMI%C5%9E%20MAKALELER/99-ANTEPFISTI%C4%9EININ%20K%C3%9CLT%C3%9CR%20TAR%C4%B0H%C4%B0%202020.pdf (access date: 03.03.2025)
  • Khoja S, Mozaik MF, Azar Y, Hokan K (2009). Survey for the most important insect pests of pistachio in Aleppo Governorate (Syria). 5th International Symposium on Pistachios and Almonds, ISHS, Şanlıurfa, Türkiye, s.96
  • Kubat Şengel D (2020). Determination of population development and infestation rate of Kermania pistaciella in pistachio orchards in the Euphrates Valley of Birecik (Şanlıurfa) district, MSc Thesis, Harran University, Şanlıurfa.
  • Küçükarslan N (1966). Antepfıstıklarında zarar yapan fıstık dal güvesi (Kermania pistaciella Amsel, Lepidoptera, Oinphilidae)’nin biyolojisi ve savaşı üzerinde incelemeler. Sabri AŞ. Basımevi, İstanbul, s.64.
  • Mamay M (2018). Important parameters in mechanical management of carob moth [Apomyelois (= Ectomyelois) ceratoniae zeller (lep.: pyralidae)] in pomegranate orchards: determination of overwintering population density and infestation rate. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin 27(12B), 9542-9548.
  • Mamay M, Ünlü L (2013) Şanlıurfa ili nar bahçelerinde güvesi, Apomyelois ceratoniae Zell. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)’nin ergin popülasyon gelişimi ve zarar oranının belirlenmesi. Türkiye Entomoloji Bülteni 3(3), 121-131.
  • Mamay M, Yanık E, Doğramacı M (2014). Phenology and damage of Anarsia lineatella Zell. (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in peach, apricot and nectarine orchards under semi-arid conditions. Phytoparasitica 42, 641-649. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12600-014-0405-6
  • Mamay M, Şimşek E (2017). Harmful and beneficial insect biodiversity in pistachio orchards (Pistacia vera L.) in Southeastern Anatolia Region of Türkiye. Symposium on EuroAsian Biodiversity (SEAB-2017), 5-8 July 2017, Minsk, Belarus, pp. 32.
  • Mamay M, Sönmez C, Li Y, Mutlu Ç, Akhtar I, Bibi R, Alfarraj S, Ansari MJ, Vyhnanek T (2022). Infestation rate and cardinal directional preference of pistachio twig borer [Kermania pistaciella Amsel (Lepidoptera: Tineidae)]. Journal of King Saud University-Science 34(4), 102025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksus.2022.102025
  • Mamay M, Yanık E (2013). Determination of population development and infestation rates of codling moth [Cydia pomonella (L.)(Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)] by using different sampling methods in Şanlıurfa province. Journal of Agricultural Sciences 19(2), 113-120. https://doi.org/10.1501/Tarimbil.0000001235
  • Mart C, Yiğit A, Çelik MY (1995). Biological observations and chemical control of pistachio twig borer, Kermania pistaciella, injurious in pistachio orchards in Türkiye. Acta Horticulturae 419, 373-378.
  • Mart C, Karadağ S, Aslan, MM, Nazife E (2003). Antepfıstığı alanlarında entegre mücadeleye veri tabanı olusturacak bazı konularda arastırmalar. TÜBİTAK Tarp-2076 Nolu proje raporu, 315 s.
  • Mehrnejad MR (2001). The current status of pistachio pests in Iran. Cahiers Options Méditerranéennes 56(1), 315-322.
  • Mehrnejad MR (2002). The natural parasitism ratio of the pistachio twig borer moth, Kermania pistaciella, in Iran. Acta Horticulturae 591, 541-544. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2002.591.83
  • Mehrnejad MR (2003). The influence of host species on some biological and behavioural aspects of Dibrachys boarmiae (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), Parasitoid of Kermania pistaciella (Lepidoptera: Tineidae). Biocontrol Science and Technology 13: 219-229. https://doi.org/10.1080/0958315021000073484
  • Mehrnejad MR, Basirat M (2009). Parasitoid complex of the pistachio twig borer moth, Kermania pistaciella, in Iran. Biocontrol Science and Technology 19(5), 499-510. https://doi.org/10.1080/09583150902887610
  • Mehrnejad MR (2020). Arthropod pests of pistachios, their natural enemies and management. Plant Protection Science 56, 231–260. https://doi.org/10.17221/63/2019-PPS.
  • Mourikis PA, Tsourgianni A, Chitzanidis A (1998). Pistachio nut insect pests and means of control in Greece. Acta Horticulturae 470, 604-611. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.1998.470.85
  • OriginLab (2024). OriginPro, Graphing for science and engineering. https://www.originlab.com/ (access date: 03.03.2025).
  • Özdemir S (2024). Efficacy of combinations of anionic surfactant and some insecticides in control of pistachio twig borer [Kermania pistaciella (Lepidoptera: Tineidae)]. MSc Thesis, Harran University, Şanlıurfa.
  • Özgen I, Bolu H, Beyarslan A (2012). Chelonus flavipalpis Szépligeti, 1896 and Mirax rufilabris Haliday, 1833 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae): two new larva-pupa parasitoids of Pistachio twig borer Kermania pistaciella Amsel, 1964 (Lepidoptera: Oinophilidae) with the parasitization ratios from Türkiye. Munis Entomology & Zoology 7, 238-242.
  • Özgen I, Mamay M, Yanık E (2022). Release of the lady beetle (Oenopia conglobata L.) to control the common pistachio psylla. Biological Control 171, 104940. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2022.104940
  • Sabuncu Y, Mamay M, Özgen I (2021). Overwintering insect (Arthropoda: Insecta) biodiversity in pistachio orchards of the Middle Euphrates Valley, Türkiye. Harran Tarım ve Gıda Bilimleri Dergisi 25, 185-192. https://doi.org/10.29050/harranziraat.884529.
  • Sönmez C, Mamay M (2022). Twig traps: a sustainable and eco-friendly management option for pistachio bark beetle [Hylesinus (=Chaetoptelius) vestitus (Mulsant & Rey, 1860) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)]. Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection 129(5), 1181-1188. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-022-00637-0
  • Sürücü A, Acar I, Demirkiran AR, Farooq S, Gokmen V (2020). Variations in nutrient uptake, yield and nut quality of different pistachio cultivars grafted on Pistacia khinjuk rootstock. Scientia Horticulturae 260, 108913.
  • Şimşek A (2012). Determination of the insect fauna in pistachio (Pistaciae vera L.) areas in Diyarbakir province. MSc Thesis, Dicle University, Diyarbakır.
  • Tekin H, Arpacı S, Atlı S, Açar I, Yaman A, Yükçeken Y Karadağ S (2001). Antep Fıstığı Yetiştiriciliği. Antep Fıstığı Araştırma Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü Yayınları, Yayın No: 13, s.12, Gaziantep.
  • Tezerji ZS (2009). Determination of damages of pistachio twig borer moth Kermania pistaciella amsel, to fruit clusters of pistachio trees. In V. International Symposium on Pistachios and Almonds, 25 November 2011, Şanlıurfa, Türkiye, pp. 701-707.
  • Tezerji ZS (2011). Determination of damages of pistachio twig borer moth Kermania Pistaciella Amsel, to fruit clusters of pistachio trees. ISHS Acta Horticulturae 912, 701-708. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2011.912.105
  • Tomaino A, Martorana M, Arcoraci T, Monteleone D, Giovinazzo C, Saija A (2010). Antioxidant activity and phenolic profile of pistachio (Pistacia vera L., variety Bronte) seeds and skins. Biochimie 92, 1115-1122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biochi.2010.03.027
  • Tsantili E, Takidelli C, Christopoulosa MV, Lambrineab E, Rouskasc D, Roussosa PA (2010). Physical, compositional and sensory differences in nuts among pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) varieties, Scientia Horticulturae 125, 562-568. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2010.04.039
  • TÜİK (2019). İstatistik veri portal. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Bitkisel-Uretim-Istatistikleri-2019-30685 (access date: 03.03.2025)
  • TÜİK (2024). İstatistik veri portal. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Bitkisel-Uretim-Istatistikleri-2024-53447 (access date: 03.03.2025)
  • Yanık E (1997). Şanlıurfa İlinde Saptanan Antepfıstığı Zararlıları, Popülasyon Gelişmeleri ve Zarar Durumları. Yüksek Lisans. Harran Üniversitesi, Şanlıurfa.
  • Yanık E, Yücel A (2001). The pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) pests, their population development and damage state in Şanlıurfa province. Cahiers Options Mediterraneenes 56 (1), 301-309.
  • Yanık E, Karadağ S, Ünlü L, Sırıt A, Evelekler H, Sinangil F (2016). Determination of the efficiency of sex pheromone synthesized in Türkiye of pistachio twig borer, Kermania pistaciella Amsel (Lepidoptera: Oinophilidae). Türkiye 6th Plant Protection Congress with International Participation, 5-8 September 2016, Konya, Türkiye, p.174.
  • Yıldırım Y (2014). Efficiency of pheromone mass-trapping method on pistachio twig borer (Kermania pistaciella Amsel (Lepidoptera:Tineidae)). MSc Thesis, Harran University, Şanlıurfa.
  • Zamani Z, Khajehali J, Sabrazalian MR (2012). Influence of trap type, trapping location and cardinal direction on the capture of the pistachio twig borer moth, Kermania pistaciella Amsel. (Lepidoptera: Tineidae)’in Isfahan. Plant Pest Research 2(2), 59-61.
Toplam 57 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Tarımda Entomoloji
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Dilek Kubat Şengel 0000-0002-9508-2656

Mehmet Mamay 0000-0003-3723-5228

Proje Numarası HÜBAP-19276
Erken Görünüm Tarihi 7 Ağustos 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 27 Ağustos 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 4 Mart 2025
Kabul Tarihi 12 Haziran 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 39 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Kubat Şengel, D., & Mamay, M. (2025). Population Development and Infestation Rate of Pistachio twig Borer [Kermania pistaciella Amsel (Lepidoptera: Tineidae)] in Pistachio Orchards in Middle Euphrates Valley, Türkiye. Selcuk Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences, 39(2), 391-406. https://doi.org/10.15316/selcukjafsci.1650937
AMA Kubat Şengel D, Mamay M. Population Development and Infestation Rate of Pistachio twig Borer [Kermania pistaciella Amsel (Lepidoptera: Tineidae)] in Pistachio Orchards in Middle Euphrates Valley, Türkiye. Selcuk J Agr Food Sci. Ağustos 2025;39(2):391-406. doi:10.15316/selcukjafsci.1650937
Chicago Kubat Şengel, Dilek, ve Mehmet Mamay. “Population Development and Infestation Rate of Pistachio twig Borer [Kermania pistaciella Amsel (Lepidoptera: Tineidae)] in Pistachio Orchards in Middle Euphrates Valley, Türkiye”. Selcuk Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences 39, sy. 2 (Ağustos 2025): 391-406. https://doi.org/10.15316/selcukjafsci.1650937.
EndNote Kubat Şengel D, Mamay M (01 Ağustos 2025) Population Development and Infestation Rate of Pistachio twig Borer [Kermania pistaciella Amsel (Lepidoptera: Tineidae)] in Pistachio Orchards in Middle Euphrates Valley, Türkiye. Selcuk Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences 39 2 391–406.
IEEE D. Kubat Şengel ve M. Mamay, “Population Development and Infestation Rate of Pistachio twig Borer [Kermania pistaciella Amsel (Lepidoptera: Tineidae)] in Pistachio Orchards in Middle Euphrates Valley, Türkiye”, Selcuk J Agr Food Sci, c. 39, sy. 2, ss. 391–406, 2025, doi: 10.15316/selcukjafsci.1650937.
ISNAD Kubat Şengel, Dilek - Mamay, Mehmet. “Population Development and Infestation Rate of Pistachio twig Borer [Kermania pistaciella Amsel (Lepidoptera: Tineidae)] in Pistachio Orchards in Middle Euphrates Valley, Türkiye”. Selcuk Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences 39/2 (Ağustos2025), 391-406. https://doi.org/10.15316/selcukjafsci.1650937.
JAMA Kubat Şengel D, Mamay M. Population Development and Infestation Rate of Pistachio twig Borer [Kermania pistaciella Amsel (Lepidoptera: Tineidae)] in Pistachio Orchards in Middle Euphrates Valley, Türkiye. Selcuk J Agr Food Sci. 2025;39:391–406.
MLA Kubat Şengel, Dilek ve Mehmet Mamay. “Population Development and Infestation Rate of Pistachio twig Borer [Kermania pistaciella Amsel (Lepidoptera: Tineidae)] in Pistachio Orchards in Middle Euphrates Valley, Türkiye”. Selcuk Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences, c. 39, sy. 2, 2025, ss. 391-06, doi:10.15316/selcukjafsci.1650937.
Vancouver Kubat Şengel D, Mamay M. Population Development and Infestation Rate of Pistachio twig Borer [Kermania pistaciella Amsel (Lepidoptera: Tineidae)] in Pistachio Orchards in Middle Euphrates Valley, Türkiye. Selcuk J Agr Food Sci. 2025;39(2):391-406.

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