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The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and People with Disabilities: An Evaluation within the frame of Concept of Empowerment

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 2, 890 - 902, 30.11.2019
https://doi.org/10.29249/selcuksbmyd.622299

Öz

Today, it is estimated that there are more than one billion people
with disabilities around the world. Until recently, disability has been seen as
a personal deficiency and a medical disorder that needs to be repaired. But,
today, it is accepted that disability is a situation of limitation caused by
social factors. This approach, called the social model, handle the disability
with a rights-based understanding. In this context, the non-exercise of basic
human rights is acknowledged as the main cause of primary problems of faced
people with disability. Therefore, great importance is attributed to the
concept of empowerment. One of the important features of this approach is that
disabled people are handled as a part of development. Today it is accepted that
development is a process and there are a large number of dimensions in this
process like social, political, cultural, ecologic and so on. This opinion,
first expressed by the Club of Rome in 1968, was accepted by the United Nations
also and especially after the 80s, an effort was started to create awareness on
a global scale. The last step taken in this context was the Sustainable
Development Goals accepted in 2015. In this document, seventeen goals which are
planned to be realized by 2030, such as ending hunger and poverty, struggling
inequality and injustice, and securing healthy living have been determined. In
the five of these seventeen goals, specifically has been referred to people
with disabilities. In this study, these five objectives were evaluated in the
context of empowerment of people with disabilities. The emphasis on disabled
people within the Sustainable Development Goals is a valuable achievement.
However, this achievement needs to be supported by concrete policies. At this
point, policy makers have great responsibility.

Kaynakça

  • Adams, W. M. (2009), Green Development Environment and Sustainability in a Developing World, Routledge, Oxon.
  • Anand, S., ve Sen, A. (1994), Sustainable Human Development: Concepts and Priorities, Human Development Report Office , Human Development Occasional Papers (1992-2007), United Nations Development Programme.
  • Anand, S., ve Sen, A. (2000), “The Income Component of the Human Development Index”, Journal of Human Development, 1(1), s. 83-106.
  • Bagenstos, S. R. (2009), Law and the Contradictions of the Disability Rights Movement, Yale University Press, Connecticut.
  • Barbier, E. B. (1987), “The Concept of Sustainable Economic Development”, Environmental Conservation, 14(2), s. 101-110.
  • Barnes, C. (2004), “Reflections on Doing Emancipatory Disability Research”, (Ed.) J. Swain, S. French, C. Barnes, ve C. Thomas içinde, Disabling Barriers-Enabling Environments (s. 47-53), SAGE Publications, London.
  • Barnes, C. (2012), “Understanding The Social Model of Disability Past Present and Future”, (Ed.) N. Watson, A. Roulstone, ve C. Thomas içinde, Routledge Handbook of Disability Studies (s. 12-29), Routledge, Oxon.
  • Barnes, C., ve Mercer , G. (2003), Disability: Key Concepts, Polity Press, Cambridge.
  • Barnes, C., ve Mercer, G. (2006), Independent Futures: Creating User-Led Disability Services in a Disabling Society, The Policy Press, Bristol.
  • Beaulaurier, R. L., ve Taylor, S. H. (2007), “Social Work Practice with People with Disabilities in The Era of Disability Rights”, (Ed.) A. O. Dell, ve P. W. Power içinde, Psychological and Social Impact of Illness and Disability (s. 53-75), Springer Publishing, New York.
  • Berber, M. (2006), İktisadi Büyüme ve Kalkınma, Derya Kitabevi, Trabzon.
  • Beresford, P. (2012), “Psychiatric System Survivors: An Emerging Movement”, (Ed.) N. Watson, A. Roulstone , ve C. Thomas içinde, Routledge Handbook of Disability Studies (s. 151-164), Rotledge, Oxon.
  • Bickenbach, J. E. (2012), “The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health and Its Relationship to Disability Studies”, (Ed.) N. Watson, A. Roulstone, ve C. Thomas içinde, Routledge Handbook of Disability Studies (s. 51-66), Routledge, Oxon.
  • BM. (1973), Report of The United Nations Conference on The Human Environment Stockholm 1972, United Nations Publication, New York.
  • BM. (2000), “United Nations Millennium Declaration”, erişim tarihi 10.08.2019 https://undocs.org/A/RES/55/2.
  • BM. (2006), “Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities”, erişim tarihi 21.08.2019 https://undocs.org/A/RES/61/106.
  • BM. (2015), “Transforming Our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development”, erişim tarihi 08.07.2019, https://undocs.org/A/RES/70/1.
  • Brisenden, S. (1986), “Independent Living and the Medical Model of Disability”, Disability, Handicap ve Society, 1(2), s. 173-178.
  • Brolan, C. E. (2016), “A Word of Caution: Human Rights, Disability, and Implementation of the Post-2015 Sustainable Development Goals”, Laws, 5(22), s. 1-18.
  • Burcu, E. (2007), Türkiye'de Özürlü Birey Olma: Temel Sosyolojik Özellikleri ve Sorunları Üzerine Bir Araştırma, Hacettepe Üniveristesi Yayınları, Ankara.
  • Charlton, J. I. (2000), 'Nothing About Us Without Us' Disability Oppression and Empowerment, University of California Press, California.
  • Cooper, J. (2000), “Improving the Civil Rights of People with Disabilities Through International Law”, (Ed.) J. Cooper içinde, Law Rights and Disability (s. 59-81), Jessica Kingsley Publishers, London.
  • Davis, L. J. (2006). “Introduction”, (Ed.) L. J. Davis içinde, The Disability Studies Reader (s. vx-xviii), Routledge, New York.
  • Drake, R. F. (1999). Understanding Disability Policies, Palgrave Macmillan, London.
  • Fazil, Q., Wallace, L. M., Singh, G., Ali, Z., ve Bywaters, P. (2004), “Empowerment and Advocacy: Reflections on Action Research with Bangladeshi and Pakistani Families Who Have Children with Severe Disabilities”, Health and Social Care in the Community, 12(5), s. 389-397.
  • Gadacz, R. R. (1994), Re-Thinking Disability, The University of Alberta Press, Alberta.
  • Gaffney, O. (2014), “Sustainable Development Goals Improving Human and Planetary Wellbeing”, Global Change, (82), s. 20-23.
  • Ghai, A. (2009), “Disability and the Millennium Development Goals: A Missing Link”, Journal of Health Management, 11(2), s. 279-295.
  • Ghosh, N. (2012), “Disabled Definitions, Impaired Policies:Reflections on Limits of Dominant Concepts of Disability”, Occasional Paper 34. Institute of Development Studies Kolkata.
  • Goodley, D. (2011), Disability Studies An Interdisciplinary Introduction, SAGE Publications, London.
  • Griffiths, M., Mannan, H., ve MacLachlan, M. (2009), “Empowerment, Advocacy and National Development Policy: A Case Study of Disabled Peoples’ Organizations in Bolivia”, (Ed.) M. MacLachlan, ve L. Swartz içinde, Disability ve International Development (s. 105-118), Springer, London.
  • Haapanen, L., ve Tapio, P. (2016), “Economic Growth as Phenomenon,Institution and Ideology: A Qualitative Content Analysis of the 21st Century Growth Critique”, Journal of Cleaner Production, (112), s. 3492-3503.
  • Hansen, C., ve Sait, W. (2011), “We too are disabled: Disability Grants and Poverty Politics in Rural South Africa”, (Ed.) A. H. Eide, ve B. Ingstad içinde, Disability and Poverty A Global Challenge (s. 93-119), Policy Press, Bristol.
  • ICLEI. (2015), “From MDGs to SDGs: What are the Sustainable Development Goals?”, erişim tarihi 27.07.2019, https://www.local2030.org/.
  • Ingstad, B., ve Eide, A. H. (2011), “Introduction”, (Ed.) A. H. Eide, ve B. Ingstad içinde, Disability and Poverty A Global Challenge (s. 1-15), Policy Press, Bristol.Jaeger, P. T., ve Bowman, C. A. (2005), Understanding Disability, Greenwood Publishing, Connecticut.
  • Lee, T. M. (2005), “Multicultural Citizenship: The Case Of The Disabled”, (Ed.) D. Pothier, ve R. Devlin içinde, Critical Disability Theory: Essays in Philosophy, Politics, Policy and Law (s. 87-106), UBC Press, Vancouver.
  • Linton, S. (2006). “Reassigning Meaning”, (Ed.) L. J. Davis içinde, The Disability Studies Reader (s. 161-173), Routledge, New York.
  • Meadows, D. H., Meadows, D. L., Randers, J., ve Behrens III, W. W. (1972), Limits To Growth, Universe Books, New York.
  • Mitra, S. (2013), “A Data Revolution for Disability-Inclusive Development”, Lancet, (1), 178-179.
  • Muyinda, H., ve Whyte, S. R. (2011), “Displacement, Mobility and Poverty in Northern Uganda”, (Ed.) A. H. Eide, ve B. Ingstad içinde, Disability and Poverty A Global Challenge (s. 119-137), Policy Press, Bristol.
  • Page, N., ve Czuba, C. E. (1999), “Empowerment: What is it?”, Journal of Extension, 37(5), s. 1-5.
  • Peterson, W. C. (1994), Gelir İstihdam ve Ekonomik Büyüme, Çev. T. Güllap, Atatürk Üniversitesi Yayınları, Erzurum.
  • Pfeiffer, D. (2007), “The Disability Paradigm”, (Ed.) A. E. Dell, ve P. W. Power içinde, Psychological and Social Impact of Illness and Disability (s. 7-11), Springer Publishing Company, New York.
  • Platform Disability and Development Cooperation. (2009), Disability and The Millenium Development Goals, PHOS, Brussels.
  • Rioux, M. H. (2008), “Disability, Citizenship and Rights in a Changing World”, (Ed.) C. Barnes, M. Oliver, ve L. Barton içinde, Disability Studies Today (s. 210-228), Blackwell Publishers, Massachusetts.
  • Sachs, J. D. (2012), “From Millennium Development Goals to Sustainable Development Goals”, Lancet, (379), s. 2206-2211.
  • Shakespeare, T. (2006), “The Social Model of Disability”, (Ed.) L. J. Davis içinde, The Disability Studies Reader (s. 197-205), Routledge, New York.
  • Shakespeare, T., ve Watson, N. (2001), “Making the Difference Disability, Politics, and Recognition”, (Ed.) G. L. Albrecht, K. Seelman, ve M. Bury içinde, Handbook of Disability Studies (s. 546-565), Sage Publications, California.
  • Siebers, T. (2006), “Disability in Theory: Disability in Theory to the New Realism of the Body”, (Ed.) L. J. Davis içinde, The Disability Studies Reader (s. 173-185), Routledge, New York.
  • Soubbotina, T. P. (2004), Beyond Economic Growth An Introduction to Sustainable Development, Second Edition b., The World Bank, Washington D.C.
  • Stainton, T. (2005), “Empowerment and The Architecture of Rights Based Social Policy”, Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, 9(4), s. 289-298.
  • Streeten, P. (1994), “Human Development: Means and Ends”, The American Economic Review, 84(2), s. 232-237.
  • Swartz, L., ve MacLachlan, M. (2009), “From the Local to the Global: The Many Contexts of Disability and International Development”, (Ed.) M. MacLachlan, ve L. Swartz içinde, Disability ve International Development (s. 1-13), Springer, London.
  • Tekeli, D. (2016), “Engelliliği Kapsayıcı Kalkınma: Neden söz ediyoruz?”, erişim tarihi 08.18.2019, http://panel.stgm.org.tr/vera/app/var/files/e/n/engelliligi-kapsayici-kalkinma.neden-soz-ediyoruz__.pdf.
  • Thomas, C. (2008), “Disability Theory: Key Ideas,Issues and Thinkers”, (Ed.) Barnes Colin, Oliver Mike, ve L. Barton içinde, Disability Studies Today (s. 38-58), Blackwell Publishers, Massachusetts.
  • UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs. (2019a), “Sustainable Development Goals and Disability”, erişim tarihi 12.08.2019, https://www.un.org/development/desa/disabilities/about-us/sustainable-development-goals-sdgs-and-disability.html.
  • UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs. (2019b), Disability and Development Report 2018, United Nations, New York.
  • UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs. (2019c), “The Invisibility of Disability Why Disability Statistics Matter”, erişim tarihi 23.07.2019, https://www.un.org/development/desa/publications/graphic/disability-statistics.
  • UNDP. (1990), Human Development Report 1990, Oxford University Press, New York.
  • UNDP. (2016), From The MDGs to Sustainable Development For All, UNDP, New York.
  • United Nations.(1948), “The Universal Declaration of Human Rights”, erişim tarihi 29.08.2019, https://www.un.org/en/udhrbook/pdf/udhr_booklet_en_web.pdf.UPIAS. (1976), Fundamental Principles of Disability. London.
  • WCDE. (1987), Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development: Our Common Future. United Nations.
  • WHO. (1993), International Classification of Impairments Disabilities and Handicaps, World Health Organization, Geneva.
  • WHO. (2011), World Report on Disability, WHO Publications, Geneva.

2030 Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Gündemi ve Engelliler: Güçlendirme Kavramı Çerçevesinde Bir Değerlendirme

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 2, 890 - 902, 30.11.2019
https://doi.org/10.29249/selcuksbmyd.622299

Öz

Bu gün dünya genelinde bir milyardan fazla engelli bireyin
bulunduğu tahmin edilmektedir. Engellilik yakın döneme kadar kişiye özel bir
eksiklik, onarılması gereken tıbbi bir bozukluk olarak görülmüştür.  Ancak günümüzde engelliliğin toplumsal
etkenlerden kaynaklanan bir kısıtlılık hali olduğu kabul edilmektedir. Sosyal
model olarak adlandırılan bu yaklaşım, engelliliği hak temelli bir anlayışla
ele almaktadır. Bu bağlamda engellilerin yüzleştiği sorunların asıl nedenin
temel insani hakların kullanılamaması olduğu kabul edilmektedir. Dolayısıyla
güçlendirme kavramına büyük önem atfedilmektedir. Bu yaklaşımın önemli
özelliklerinden birisi de engellilerin kalkınmanın bir parçası olarak ele
alınmasıdır. Günümüzde kalkınmanın bir süreç olduğu ve bu sürecin içerisinde
sosyal, siyasal, kültürel, ekolojik vb. çok sayıda boyut bulunduğu kabul
edilmektedir. İlk kez 1968 yılında Roma Kulübü tarafından dile getirilen bu
görüş, Birleşmiş Milletlerce de kabul edilmiş ve özellikle 80’lerden sonra
küresel ölçekte bir farkındalık yaratma çabası başlatılmıştır. Bu bağlamda
atılan en son adım 2015 yılında kabul edilen Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Hedefleri
olmuştur. Hazırlanan belgede 2030 yılına kadar gerçekleştirilmesi planlanan,
açlık ve yoksulluğu sona erdirmek, eşitsizlik ve adaletsizlikle mücadele,
sağlıklı yaşamın güvenceye alınması gibi on yedi hedef belirlenmiştir. Bu on
yedi hedeften beşinde engellilere özellikle atıfta bulunulmaktadır. Bu çalışmada
engellilerin güçlendirilmesi bağlamında, bu beş hedef değerlendirilmiştir.
Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Hedefleri içerisinde engellilere yapılan vurgu değerli
bir kazanımdır. Ancak bu kazanımın somut politikalarla desteklenmesi
gerekmektedir. Bu noktada politika yapıcılara büyük sorumluluk düşmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Adams, W. M. (2009), Green Development Environment and Sustainability in a Developing World, Routledge, Oxon.
  • Anand, S., ve Sen, A. (1994), Sustainable Human Development: Concepts and Priorities, Human Development Report Office , Human Development Occasional Papers (1992-2007), United Nations Development Programme.
  • Anand, S., ve Sen, A. (2000), “The Income Component of the Human Development Index”, Journal of Human Development, 1(1), s. 83-106.
  • Bagenstos, S. R. (2009), Law and the Contradictions of the Disability Rights Movement, Yale University Press, Connecticut.
  • Barbier, E. B. (1987), “The Concept of Sustainable Economic Development”, Environmental Conservation, 14(2), s. 101-110.
  • Barnes, C. (2004), “Reflections on Doing Emancipatory Disability Research”, (Ed.) J. Swain, S. French, C. Barnes, ve C. Thomas içinde, Disabling Barriers-Enabling Environments (s. 47-53), SAGE Publications, London.
  • Barnes, C. (2012), “Understanding The Social Model of Disability Past Present and Future”, (Ed.) N. Watson, A. Roulstone, ve C. Thomas içinde, Routledge Handbook of Disability Studies (s. 12-29), Routledge, Oxon.
  • Barnes, C., ve Mercer , G. (2003), Disability: Key Concepts, Polity Press, Cambridge.
  • Barnes, C., ve Mercer, G. (2006), Independent Futures: Creating User-Led Disability Services in a Disabling Society, The Policy Press, Bristol.
  • Beaulaurier, R. L., ve Taylor, S. H. (2007), “Social Work Practice with People with Disabilities in The Era of Disability Rights”, (Ed.) A. O. Dell, ve P. W. Power içinde, Psychological and Social Impact of Illness and Disability (s. 53-75), Springer Publishing, New York.
  • Berber, M. (2006), İktisadi Büyüme ve Kalkınma, Derya Kitabevi, Trabzon.
  • Beresford, P. (2012), “Psychiatric System Survivors: An Emerging Movement”, (Ed.) N. Watson, A. Roulstone , ve C. Thomas içinde, Routledge Handbook of Disability Studies (s. 151-164), Rotledge, Oxon.
  • Bickenbach, J. E. (2012), “The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health and Its Relationship to Disability Studies”, (Ed.) N. Watson, A. Roulstone, ve C. Thomas içinde, Routledge Handbook of Disability Studies (s. 51-66), Routledge, Oxon.
  • BM. (1973), Report of The United Nations Conference on The Human Environment Stockholm 1972, United Nations Publication, New York.
  • BM. (2000), “United Nations Millennium Declaration”, erişim tarihi 10.08.2019 https://undocs.org/A/RES/55/2.
  • BM. (2006), “Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities”, erişim tarihi 21.08.2019 https://undocs.org/A/RES/61/106.
  • BM. (2015), “Transforming Our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development”, erişim tarihi 08.07.2019, https://undocs.org/A/RES/70/1.
  • Brisenden, S. (1986), “Independent Living and the Medical Model of Disability”, Disability, Handicap ve Society, 1(2), s. 173-178.
  • Brolan, C. E. (2016), “A Word of Caution: Human Rights, Disability, and Implementation of the Post-2015 Sustainable Development Goals”, Laws, 5(22), s. 1-18.
  • Burcu, E. (2007), Türkiye'de Özürlü Birey Olma: Temel Sosyolojik Özellikleri ve Sorunları Üzerine Bir Araştırma, Hacettepe Üniveristesi Yayınları, Ankara.
  • Charlton, J. I. (2000), 'Nothing About Us Without Us' Disability Oppression and Empowerment, University of California Press, California.
  • Cooper, J. (2000), “Improving the Civil Rights of People with Disabilities Through International Law”, (Ed.) J. Cooper içinde, Law Rights and Disability (s. 59-81), Jessica Kingsley Publishers, London.
  • Davis, L. J. (2006). “Introduction”, (Ed.) L. J. Davis içinde, The Disability Studies Reader (s. vx-xviii), Routledge, New York.
  • Drake, R. F. (1999). Understanding Disability Policies, Palgrave Macmillan, London.
  • Fazil, Q., Wallace, L. M., Singh, G., Ali, Z., ve Bywaters, P. (2004), “Empowerment and Advocacy: Reflections on Action Research with Bangladeshi and Pakistani Families Who Have Children with Severe Disabilities”, Health and Social Care in the Community, 12(5), s. 389-397.
  • Gadacz, R. R. (1994), Re-Thinking Disability, The University of Alberta Press, Alberta.
  • Gaffney, O. (2014), “Sustainable Development Goals Improving Human and Planetary Wellbeing”, Global Change, (82), s. 20-23.
  • Ghai, A. (2009), “Disability and the Millennium Development Goals: A Missing Link”, Journal of Health Management, 11(2), s. 279-295.
  • Ghosh, N. (2012), “Disabled Definitions, Impaired Policies:Reflections on Limits of Dominant Concepts of Disability”, Occasional Paper 34. Institute of Development Studies Kolkata.
  • Goodley, D. (2011), Disability Studies An Interdisciplinary Introduction, SAGE Publications, London.
  • Griffiths, M., Mannan, H., ve MacLachlan, M. (2009), “Empowerment, Advocacy and National Development Policy: A Case Study of Disabled Peoples’ Organizations in Bolivia”, (Ed.) M. MacLachlan, ve L. Swartz içinde, Disability ve International Development (s. 105-118), Springer, London.
  • Haapanen, L., ve Tapio, P. (2016), “Economic Growth as Phenomenon,Institution and Ideology: A Qualitative Content Analysis of the 21st Century Growth Critique”, Journal of Cleaner Production, (112), s. 3492-3503.
  • Hansen, C., ve Sait, W. (2011), “We too are disabled: Disability Grants and Poverty Politics in Rural South Africa”, (Ed.) A. H. Eide, ve B. Ingstad içinde, Disability and Poverty A Global Challenge (s. 93-119), Policy Press, Bristol.
  • ICLEI. (2015), “From MDGs to SDGs: What are the Sustainable Development Goals?”, erişim tarihi 27.07.2019, https://www.local2030.org/.
  • Ingstad, B., ve Eide, A. H. (2011), “Introduction”, (Ed.) A. H. Eide, ve B. Ingstad içinde, Disability and Poverty A Global Challenge (s. 1-15), Policy Press, Bristol.Jaeger, P. T., ve Bowman, C. A. (2005), Understanding Disability, Greenwood Publishing, Connecticut.
  • Lee, T. M. (2005), “Multicultural Citizenship: The Case Of The Disabled”, (Ed.) D. Pothier, ve R. Devlin içinde, Critical Disability Theory: Essays in Philosophy, Politics, Policy and Law (s. 87-106), UBC Press, Vancouver.
  • Linton, S. (2006). “Reassigning Meaning”, (Ed.) L. J. Davis içinde, The Disability Studies Reader (s. 161-173), Routledge, New York.
  • Meadows, D. H., Meadows, D. L., Randers, J., ve Behrens III, W. W. (1972), Limits To Growth, Universe Books, New York.
  • Mitra, S. (2013), “A Data Revolution for Disability-Inclusive Development”, Lancet, (1), 178-179.
  • Muyinda, H., ve Whyte, S. R. (2011), “Displacement, Mobility and Poverty in Northern Uganda”, (Ed.) A. H. Eide, ve B. Ingstad içinde, Disability and Poverty A Global Challenge (s. 119-137), Policy Press, Bristol.
  • Page, N., ve Czuba, C. E. (1999), “Empowerment: What is it?”, Journal of Extension, 37(5), s. 1-5.
  • Peterson, W. C. (1994), Gelir İstihdam ve Ekonomik Büyüme, Çev. T. Güllap, Atatürk Üniversitesi Yayınları, Erzurum.
  • Pfeiffer, D. (2007), “The Disability Paradigm”, (Ed.) A. E. Dell, ve P. W. Power içinde, Psychological and Social Impact of Illness and Disability (s. 7-11), Springer Publishing Company, New York.
  • Platform Disability and Development Cooperation. (2009), Disability and The Millenium Development Goals, PHOS, Brussels.
  • Rioux, M. H. (2008), “Disability, Citizenship and Rights in a Changing World”, (Ed.) C. Barnes, M. Oliver, ve L. Barton içinde, Disability Studies Today (s. 210-228), Blackwell Publishers, Massachusetts.
  • Sachs, J. D. (2012), “From Millennium Development Goals to Sustainable Development Goals”, Lancet, (379), s. 2206-2211.
  • Shakespeare, T. (2006), “The Social Model of Disability”, (Ed.) L. J. Davis içinde, The Disability Studies Reader (s. 197-205), Routledge, New York.
  • Shakespeare, T., ve Watson, N. (2001), “Making the Difference Disability, Politics, and Recognition”, (Ed.) G. L. Albrecht, K. Seelman, ve M. Bury içinde, Handbook of Disability Studies (s. 546-565), Sage Publications, California.
  • Siebers, T. (2006), “Disability in Theory: Disability in Theory to the New Realism of the Body”, (Ed.) L. J. Davis içinde, The Disability Studies Reader (s. 173-185), Routledge, New York.
  • Soubbotina, T. P. (2004), Beyond Economic Growth An Introduction to Sustainable Development, Second Edition b., The World Bank, Washington D.C.
  • Stainton, T. (2005), “Empowerment and The Architecture of Rights Based Social Policy”, Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, 9(4), s. 289-298.
  • Streeten, P. (1994), “Human Development: Means and Ends”, The American Economic Review, 84(2), s. 232-237.
  • Swartz, L., ve MacLachlan, M. (2009), “From the Local to the Global: The Many Contexts of Disability and International Development”, (Ed.) M. MacLachlan, ve L. Swartz içinde, Disability ve International Development (s. 1-13), Springer, London.
  • Tekeli, D. (2016), “Engelliliği Kapsayıcı Kalkınma: Neden söz ediyoruz?”, erişim tarihi 08.18.2019, http://panel.stgm.org.tr/vera/app/var/files/e/n/engelliligi-kapsayici-kalkinma.neden-soz-ediyoruz__.pdf.
  • Thomas, C. (2008), “Disability Theory: Key Ideas,Issues and Thinkers”, (Ed.) Barnes Colin, Oliver Mike, ve L. Barton içinde, Disability Studies Today (s. 38-58), Blackwell Publishers, Massachusetts.
  • UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs. (2019a), “Sustainable Development Goals and Disability”, erişim tarihi 12.08.2019, https://www.un.org/development/desa/disabilities/about-us/sustainable-development-goals-sdgs-and-disability.html.
  • UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs. (2019b), Disability and Development Report 2018, United Nations, New York.
  • UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs. (2019c), “The Invisibility of Disability Why Disability Statistics Matter”, erişim tarihi 23.07.2019, https://www.un.org/development/desa/publications/graphic/disability-statistics.
  • UNDP. (1990), Human Development Report 1990, Oxford University Press, New York.
  • UNDP. (2016), From The MDGs to Sustainable Development For All, UNDP, New York.
  • United Nations.(1948), “The Universal Declaration of Human Rights”, erişim tarihi 29.08.2019, https://www.un.org/en/udhrbook/pdf/udhr_booklet_en_web.pdf.UPIAS. (1976), Fundamental Principles of Disability. London.
  • WCDE. (1987), Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development: Our Common Future. United Nations.
  • WHO. (1993), International Classification of Impairments Disabilities and Handicaps, World Health Organization, Geneva.
  • WHO. (2011), World Report on Disability, WHO Publications, Geneva.
Toplam 64 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Şerafettin Erten 0000-0003-0297-0580

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Kasım 2019
Gönderilme Tarihi 19 Eylül 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Cilt: 22 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Erten, Ş. (2019). 2030 Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Gündemi ve Engelliler: Güçlendirme Kavramı Çerçevesinde Bir Değerlendirme. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Meslek Yüksekokulu Dergisi, 22(2), 890-902. https://doi.org/10.29249/selcuksbmyd.622299

Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Meslek Yüksekokulu Dergisi Creative Commons Atıf-GayriTicari 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı (CC BY NC) ile lisanslanmıştır.