The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and People with Disabilities: An Evaluation within the frame of Concept of Empowerment

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 2, 890 - 902, 30.11.2019

Şerafettin Erten

https://doi.org/10.29249/selcuksbmyd.622299

Cited By: 1

Öz

Today, it is estimated that there are more than one billion people
with disabilities around the world. Until recently, disability has been seen as
a personal deficiency and a medical disorder that needs to be repaired. But,
today, it is accepted that disability is a situation of limitation caused by
social factors. This approach, called the social model, handle the disability
with a rights-based understanding. In this context, the non-exercise of basic
human rights is acknowledged as the main cause of primary problems of faced
people with disability. Therefore, great importance is attributed to the
concept of empowerment. One of the important features of this approach is that
disabled people are handled as a part of development. Today it is accepted that
development is a process and there are a large number of dimensions in this
process like social, political, cultural, ecologic and so on. This opinion,
first expressed by the Club of Rome in 1968, was accepted by the United Nations
also and especially after the 80s, an effort was started to create awareness on
a global scale. The last step taken in this context was the Sustainable
Development Goals accepted in 2015. In this document, seventeen goals which are
planned to be realized by 2030, such as ending hunger and poverty, struggling
inequality and injustice, and securing healthy living have been determined. In
the five of these seventeen goals, specifically has been referred to people
with disabilities. In this study, these five objectives were evaluated in the
context of empowerment of people with disabilities. The emphasis on disabled
people within the Sustainable Development Goals is a valuable achievement.
However, this achievement needs to be supported by concrete policies. At this
point, policy makers have great responsibility.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Disability, Empowerment, Sustainable Development, Disability Policies

2030 Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Gündemi ve Engelliler: Güçlendirme Kavramı Çerçevesinde Bir Değerlendirme

Öz

Bu gün dünya genelinde bir milyardan fazla engelli bireyin
bulunduğu tahmin edilmektedir. Engellilik yakın döneme kadar kişiye özel bir
eksiklik, onarılması gereken tıbbi bir bozukluk olarak görülmüştür.  Ancak günümüzde engelliliğin toplumsal
etkenlerden kaynaklanan bir kısıtlılık hali olduğu kabul edilmektedir. Sosyal
model olarak adlandırılan bu yaklaşım, engelliliği hak temelli bir anlayışla
ele almaktadır. Bu bağlamda engellilerin yüzleştiği sorunların asıl nedenin
temel insani hakların kullanılamaması olduğu kabul edilmektedir. Dolayısıyla
güçlendirme kavramına büyük önem atfedilmektedir. Bu yaklaşımın önemli
özelliklerinden birisi de engellilerin kalkınmanın bir parçası olarak ele
alınmasıdır. Günümüzde kalkınmanın bir süreç olduğu ve bu sürecin içerisinde
sosyal, siyasal, kültürel, ekolojik vb. çok sayıda boyut bulunduğu kabul
edilmektedir. İlk kez 1968 yılında Roma Kulübü tarafından dile getirilen bu
görüş, Birleşmiş Milletlerce de kabul edilmiş ve özellikle 80’lerden sonra
küresel ölçekte bir farkındalık yaratma çabası başlatılmıştır. Bu bağlamda
atılan en son adım 2015 yılında kabul edilen Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Hedefleri
olmuştur. Hazırlanan belgede 2030 yılına kadar gerçekleştirilmesi planlanan,
açlık ve yoksulluğu sona erdirmek, eşitsizlik ve adaletsizlikle mücadele,
sağlıklı yaşamın güvenceye alınması gibi on yedi hedef belirlenmiştir. Bu on
yedi hedeften beşinde engellilere özellikle atıfta bulunulmaktadır. Bu çalışmada
engellilerin güçlendirilmesi bağlamında, bu beş hedef değerlendirilmiştir.
Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Hedefleri içerisinde engellilere yapılan vurgu değerli
bir kazanımdır. Ancak bu kazanımın somut politikalarla desteklenmesi
gerekmektedir. Bu noktada politika yapıcılara büyük sorumluluk düşmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Engellilik, Güçlendirme, Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma, Engelli Politikaları

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