İş-Aile Yaşam Çatışması, İş Tatmini ve İş Stresi Arasındaki İlişkiler

Öz

Çalışmanın amacı, iş-aile yaşam çatışması, iş stresi ve iş tatmin değişkenleri arasındaki ilişkileri incelemektir. Kesitsel bir saha araştırması olan bu çalışmada ölçüm tekniği olarak anket yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Katılımcılar Ankara’da bulunan bir eğitim ve araştırma hastanesinde dal hastanesi görev yapan 201 106 kadın, 95 erkek kişiden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada, kişisel bilgi formu, iş-aile yaşam çatışması ölçeği iş-aile çatışması boyutu ve aile-iş çatışması boyutu , iş stres ölçeği ve iş tatmin ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Kişisel özelliklerin frekans ve yüzde dağılımları alınırken; iş-aile yaşam çatışması, iş stres ve iş tatmin değişkenleri arasındaki ilişkiye korelasyon analizi ile bakılmıştır. İş-aile yaşam çatışması ve iş stresinin, iş tatmini üzerine etkisi ile iş-aile yaşam çatışması ve iş tatmininin, iş stresi üzerine etkisine de çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizi ile bakılmıştır. Çalışmada, iş tatminini aile-iş çatışmasının pozitif yönde, iş stresinin ise negatif yönde etkilediği; iş stresini ise iş-aile çatışması ve aile-iş çatışmasının pozitif yönde, iş tatmininin ise negatif yönde etkilediği belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hastane çalışanları,iş-aile çatışması,aile-iş çatışması,iş tatmini,iş stresi,sağlık hizmetleri

The Relationship Between Work Family Life Conflict, Job Satisfaction

Öz

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between work-family conflict, job stress and job satifcation variables. In this cross-sectional study, survey method was used for measurement technique. A survey was conducted among 201 person 106 female, 95 male who worked in education and training hospital branch hospital in Ankara. In this study, personal information form, work-family conflict scale work-family conflict dimension and family-work conflict dimension , job stress scale and job satisfaction scale were used. Frequency and percent distiribution were used for personal variables; in addition the relationship between work-family conflict, job stress and job satisfaction was determined by correlation analyze. The effects of work-family conflict and job stress on job satisfaction and the effects of work-family conflict and job satisfaction on job stress were examined by multiple linear regression analyze. In this study we found that job satisfaction effects familywork conflict positively but effects job stress negatively; on the other hand job stress effects work-family conflict and family-work conflict positively but effects job satisfaction negatively

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hospital workers,work-family conflict,family-work conflict,job satisfaction,job stress,health services

Kaynakça

1. Acker, G.M. (2004), “The Effect of Organizational Conditions (Role Conflict, Role Ambiguity, Opportunities for Professional Development, and Social Support) on Job Satisfaction and Intention to Leave Among Social Workers in Mental Health Care”, Community Mental Health Journal, Vol. 40, No. 1, 65-73.
2. Adams, G., King, L.A., & King, D.W. (1996), “Relationships Of Job and Family Involvement, Family Social Support and Work-Family Conflict with Job and Life Satisfaction”, Journal of Applied Pyschology, Vol 81 (4), 411-420.
3. Allen, T.D., Herst, D.E.L., Bruck, C.S.I., & Sutton, M. (2000), “Consequences Associated with Work-toFamily Conflict: A Review and Agenda for Future Research”, Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 4: 278-308.
4. Arslan, M. (2012), “İş-Aile Ve Aile-İş Çatışmalarının Kadın Çalışanların İş Doyumları Üzerindeki Etkisi”, Birey ve Toplum, Cilt 2, Sayı 3, 99- 113.
5. Atkins, P., Marshall, B., & Javalgi, R. (1996), “Happy Employees Lead To Loyal Patients. Survey of Nurses And Patients Shows A Strong Link Between Employee Satisfaction and Patient Loyalty”, Journal of Health Care Marketing, Vol. 16, No. 4, 14-23.
6. Bacharach, S., Bamberger P., & Conley S. (1991), “Work home Conflict among Nurses and Engineers: Mediating the Impact of Role Stress on Burnout and Satisfaction at Work”, Jorunal of Organizational Behavior, (12), 39-53.
7. Bedeian, A.G., Burke, B.G., & Moffett, R.G. (1988), “Outcomes of Work- Family Conflict among Married Male and Female Professionals”, Journal of Management, 14, 475-491.
8. Boles, J., Howard, G., & Howard, D.H. (2001), “An Investigation IntoThe Inter Relationships of Work Family Conflict, Family Work Conflict and Work Satisfaction”, Journal of Managerial Issues, Vol. XIII, No:3, 376-390.

9. Boles, J., Johnston, M., & Hair, J. (1997), “Role Stress, Work Family Conflict and Emotinal Exhaustion: Inter Relationships and Effects on Some Work-Related Consequences”, Journal of Personal Selling and Sales Management, Vol. XVII, No.1, 17-28.
10. Bouwkamp, J.C. (2008), The Work Values And Job Satisfaction of Family Physicians, PHD Thesis, Indiana University.
11. Bruck, C., Allen, T., & Spector, P. (2002), “The Relation Between Work- Family Conflict and Job Satisfaction: A Finer-Grained Analysis’’, Journal of Vocational Behaviour, 60, 336-353.
12. Carlson, D., Kacmar, M., & Williams, L. (2000), “Construction andInitialValidation of a Multi Dimensional Measure of Work- Family Conflict”, Journal of Vocational Behaviour, 56, 249-276.
13. Chang, H, Shih, C., & Liang, R. (2009), “Effects of Job Rotation and Role Stress among Nurses on Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment”, BMC Health Service Research, 9(8), 117-127.
14. Chauvin, B., Rohmer, O., Spitzenstter, F., Raffin, D., Schimchowitsch, S., & Louvet, E. (2014), “Assessment of JobStress Factors in a Context of Organizational Change’’, Revue Europpeenne de Psychologie Appliquee, (64), 299-306.
15. Çelik, M., & Turunç, Ö. (2010), “Aile İş Çatışması, İş Stresi ve Örgütsel Sadakatin İş Performansına Etkisi: Savunma Sektöründe Ampirik Bir Çalışma”, KHO Savunma Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(2), 217-245.
16. Desa, A.,Yusooff, F., İbrahim, N., Kadir, N., &Rahman, R. (2014), “A Study of The Relationship and Influence of Personality on Job Stress among Academic Administrators at a University”, Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences (114), p.355-359.
17. Efeoğlu, İ.E. (2006), İş-Aile Yaşam Çatışmasının İş Stresi, İş Doyumu Ve Örgütsel Bağlılık Üzerindeki Etkileri: İlaç Sektöründe Bir Araştırma, Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Adana.
18. Ferguson, M., Carlson, D., Zivnuska, S., & Whitten, D. (2012), “Support at Workand Home: The Pathto Satisfaction Through Balance”, Journal of Vocational Behavior, (80), 299-307.
19. Firth, L., Mellor, D. J., Moore, K. A., & Loquet, C. (2004), “How can managers reduce employee intention to quit?”, Journal of Managerial Psychology, 19(2): 170-187.
20. Frone, M.R.,Yardley, J.K., & Markel, K.S. (1997), “Developing and Testing an Integrative Model of the Work-Family Interface”, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 50, 145-167.
21. Gaither, C., Kahaleh, A., Doucette, W., Matt, D., Pederson, C., & Schommer, J. (2008), “A Modified Model of Pharmacists’ Job Stress: The Role of Organizational, Extra-role and Individual Factors on Work Related Outcomes”, Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, (4), p. 231-243.
22. Gamor, E., Ammisah, E., Adutum, K., & Boakye, A. (2014), “Work Family Conflict among Hotel Employees in Selendi Tahorad: Metropolis Ghana”, Tourism Management Perspectives, (12), 1-8.
23. Grandey, A., & Cropanzano, R. (1999), “The Conservation of Resources Model Applied to Work-Family Conflict and Strain”, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 54, 350-370.
24. Güçlü, N. (2001), “Stres Yönetimi”, G.Ü. Gazi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 21(1), 91-109.
25. Hosseinabadi, R., Karampourian, A., & Beiranvand, S. (2013), “TheEffect of Quality Circles on Satisfaction and Quality of Work Life of Staff in Emergency Medical Services”, International Emergency Nursing, (21), 264-270.
26. House, R.J., & Rizzo, J.R. (1972), “Role Conflict and Ambiguity as Critical Variables in A Model of Organizational Behavior”, Organizational Behavior & Human Performance, Vol. 7, 467-505.
27. Johnson, S., Cooper, C., Cartwright, S., Donald, I., Taylor, P., & Millet, C., (2005), “The experience of work-related Stress across occupations”, Journal Managerial Psychology, Volume: 20, Issue: 2, pp: 178-187.
28. Judge, T.A. & Colquitt, J.A. (2004), “Organizational justice and stress: the mediating role of work–family conflict”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(3),395-404.
29. Keller, A., & Semmer, N. (2013), “Changes in Situational and Dispositional Factors as Predictors of Job Satisfaction”, Jorunal of Vocational Behavior, (83), 88-98.
30. Koh, H.C, & Boo, E.H.Y. (2004), “Organisational Ethics and Employee Satisfaction and Commitment”, Management Decision, Vol. 42 No. 5, 677-693.
31. Kossek, E., & Ozeki, C. (1998), “Work-family Conflict, Policies and The Job-Life Satisfaction Relationship: A review and Directions for Organizational Behavior Human Resources Research”, Journal of Applied Pyschology, Vol 83, 139-149.
32. Küçükusta, D. (2009), “Konaklama İşletmelerinde İş-Yaşam Dengesi Sorunları ve Çözüme Yönelik Yaklaşımlar”, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, Cilt 9, sayı 3, 243- 268.
33. Mauno, S., Ruokolainen, M., & Kinnunen, U. (2015), “Work Family Conflict and Enrichment from the Perspective of Psychosocial Resoruces: Comparing Finnish Healthcare Workers by Working Schedule”, Applied Ergonomics (48), 86-94.
34. Netemeyer, R.G., Boles, J.S., & Mcmurrian, R. (1996), “Development and Validation of Work-Family Conflict and Family-Work Conflict Scales”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 80: 400-409.
35. Nohe, C., & Sonntag, K. (2014), “Work family conflict, Social Support and Turnover Intentions: A Longitudinal Study”, Journal of Vocational Behavior, (85), 1-12.
36. Özdevecioğlu, M., & Aktaş, A. (2007), “Kariyer Bağlılığı, Mesleki Bağlılık ve Örgütsel Bağlılığın Yaşam Tatmini Üzerindeki Etkisi: İş-Aile Çatışmasının Rolü”, Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, Sayı: 28, 1-20.
37. Slatten, T. (2008), “Antecedents and effects of emotional satisfaction on employeeperceived service quality”, Managing Service Quality: An International Journal, 18(4), 370 – 386.
38. Spector, P.E. (1997), Job Satisfaction: Application, Assessment, Causes, and Consequences, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
39. Stoeva, A., Chiu, R., & Grrenhows, J. (2002), “Negative Affectivity, Role Stress and Work Family Conflict”, Journal of Vocational Behavior, (60), 1-16.
40. Sun, Ö.H. (2002), İş Doyumu Üzerine Bir Araştırma: Türkiye Cumhuriyet Merkez Bankası Banknot Matbaası Genel Müdürlüğü, Türkiye Cumhuriyet Merkez Bankası Banknot Matbaası Genel Müdürlüğü, Uzmanlık Yeterlilik Tezi, Ankara.
41. Swimberghe, K., Jones, R., & Darnat, M. (2014), “Deviant Behavior in Retail, When Sales Associates ‘GoBad’, Examining the Relationship Between the Work Family Interface, Job Stress and Sales Person Deviance”, Journal of Retailing and Consurmer Services, (21), 424-431.
42. Şeşen, H., & Basım, H. N. (2010), “Çalışanların Örgütsel Adalet Algısının Örgütsel Vatandaşlık Davranışlarına Etkisi: İş tatmininin Aracılık Rolü”, ODTÜ Geliştirme Dergisi, 37(8), 171-193.
43. Thomas, L.T., & Ganster, D.C. (1995), “Impact of Family- SupportiveWorkVariables on Work-Family Conflict and Strain: A Control Perspective”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 80, 6-15.
44. Turunç, Ö., & Çelik, M. (2010), “Algılanan Örgütsel Desteğin Çalışanların İş-Aile, Aile-İş Çatışması, Örgütsel Özdeşleşme ve İşten Ayrılma Niyetine Etkisi: Savunma Sektöründe Bir Araştırma”, Atatürk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 14 (1), 209-232.
45. Valcour, M. (2007), “Work Based Resources Moderators of the Relationship Between Work hours and Satisfaction with Work Family Balance”, Journal of AppliedPscyhology, (92), 1512-1523.
46. Voydanoff, P. (1988), “Work Role Characteristics, Family Structure Demands and Work-Family Conflict”, Journal of Marriage and Family, Vol. 50, No.3, 749-761.
47. Wayne, J.H., Musisca, N. & Fleeson, W. (2004), “Consideringthe Role of Personality in the Work-Family Experience: Relationships of the Big Five toWork-Family Conflict and Facilitation”, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 64 (1), 108-230.
48. Yang, J., Liu, Y., Chan, Y., & Pan, X. (2014), “The Effect of Structural Empowerment and Organizational Commitment on Chinese Nurses’ Job Satisfaction”, Applied Nursing Research, (27), 186- 191.
49. Yapraklı, Ş., & Yılmaz, M.K. (2007), “Çalışanların İş Stresi Algılarının İş Tatminleri Üzerindeki Etkisi: Erzurum’da İlaç Mümessilleri Üzerinde Bir Saha Araştırması”, İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, Cilt: 21, Sayı: 1, 155-183.
50. Yin-Fah, B.C., Foon, Y.S., Chee-Leong, L., & Osman, S. (2010), “An exploratory study on turnover intention among private sector employees”, International Journal of Business and Management, 5(8), 57-64.
51. Young, M. (2015), “Work Family Conflict in Context: The impact of Structural and Perceived Neighborhood Disadvantage on Work- Family Conflict”, Social Science Research, 311-327.
52. Zhao, X., & Namasivayam, K. (2012), “The Relationship of Chronic Regulatory Focus to Work Family Conflict and Job Satisfaction”, International Journal of Hopitality Management, (31), 458-467.