Women Employment and Family in Turkey: A Comparison between Perceptions and the Theory

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 233 - 258, 20.12.2017

Varol Dur

Öz

There are different approaches about where Turkish
welfare regime should be placed among welfare
models in the relevant literature. That being said,
especially when taking women's and family’s
position into consideration, Turkey shows similar
tendencies with South European Welfare Regimes’
(SEWR) characteristics. In this paper, a
questionnaire has been developed within the scope
of a framework that is based on the literature on
Turkey’s membership to SEWR. The questionnaire
aims to test compatibility between SEWR
characteristics put forwardin the related literature
and Turkish citizens’ perception about welfare
state. Cross-tabulation and regression analysis were
used to evaluate results of the questionnaire.The
results of the analyses show that, while the
responds about perception on sole breadwinner –
dual breadwinner and, perception on women
employment were not compatible with the
literature, perception on who can be trusted in case
of urgent crisis and, perception on the most
important insurance branch were in parallel with
the literature. Since the transformation from sole
breadwinner to dual breadwinner has serious
effects on both labour market and family structure,
it was chosen as dependent variable for regression
analysis. The analysis indicated that perception
about women employment is the most powerful
predictor of the dependent variable.  

Anahtar Kelimeler

Turkish welfare state, south europe welfare regime, family, women employment, regression analysis

Türkiye'de Kadın İstihdamı ve Aile: Algılar ve Teori Arasında Bir Karşılaştırma

Öz

Türk refah rejiminin, hangi refah modelinin içinde
yer aldığına ilişkin literatürde farklı yaklaşımlar
mevcuttur. Bununla beraber, özellikle kadın ve
ailenin konumu dikkate alındığında Türkiye’nin
Güney Avrupa Refah Modelinin (GARM)
belirleyici niteliklerini taşıdığı göze çarpmaktadır.
Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’nin GARM dahil olduğu
görüşünden yola çıkarak belirlenen çerçevede bir
anket hazırlanmıştır. Hazırlanan anket, literatürde
kabul edilen GARM' özellikleriyle, Türk
vatandaşlarının refah devletine dönük algısının
uyumu test edilmiştir. Anket sonuçları çapraz
tablolar ve regresyon analizi kullanılarak
değerlendirilmiştir. Neticede, tek gelir getiricili –
çift gelir getiricili aile yapısı ve kadın çalışmasına
bakış açısı noktasında literatüre uymayan cevaplar
alınırken, ani krizlere kime güvenileceği ve en çok
güvenilen sigorta kolu hususlarında uyumlu
yanıtlar alınmıştır. Literatürde tek gelir getiricili
aileden çift gelir getiricili aileye geçişin hem işgücü
piyasası, hem de aile yapısı üzerindeki büyük
etkisine yapılan yaygın vurgu nedeniyle bağımlı
değişken olarak seçilmiştir. Analiz neticesinde,
bağımlı değişkenin en önemli tahmin edicisinin de
kadının çalışmasına dönük algı olduğu tespit
edilmiş, toplumsal bir dönüşüm yaşandığı ortaya
konmuştur.  

Anahtar Kelimeler

Türk refah devleti, aile, kadın istihdamı, güney avrupa refah modeli, regresyon analizi

Kaynakça

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