Impacts of Emerging Technologies on Multinational Enterprises: Legal Challenges and Opportunities

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 1458 - 1501, 31.12.2023

Meltem Karatepe Kaya

https://doi.org/10.56701/shd.1389227

Öz

This paper examines the application of new technologies in addressing the conventional legal challenges encountered by multinational companies due to the principles of company law. These challenges often give rise to concerns regarding liability in the presence of human rights violations and environmental violations caused by multinational enterprises (MNEs).
Governments worldwide are responding by crafting domestic and international regulations aimed at addressing MNEs' transgressions, particularly in the domains of environmental protection and human rights. The European Commission's proposal for a Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD) is a notable example. It mandates comprehensive due diligence measures that transcend geographical boundaries, encompassing every facet of a company's value chain. Nevertheless, while significant, the directive grapples with criticisms surrounding liability resolution.
This article takes an innovative approach, seeking solutions within technology. It commences by introducing MNEs elucidating their operation domains and contributions to the global economy. Subsequently, it investigates environmental and human rights transgressions committed by MNEs, unraveling the enduring responsibilities and liabilities inherent to their operations. In doing so, it explores an alternative path forward, one that harnesses technology's transformative potential to address the complex challenges MNEs and countries face in an evolving global landscape.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Multinational enterprises (MNEs), Emerging Technologies, Sustainability Due Diligence Directive, Blockchain, Artificial Intelligence

Gelişen Teknolojilerin Çok Uluslu Şirketler Üzerindeki Etkileri: Hukuki Zorluklar ve Fırsatlar

Öz

Bu makale, çok uluslu şirketlerin (MNE'ler) geleneksel şirketler hukuku prensipleri nedeniyle karşılaştığı hukuki zorlukların üstesinden gelmede yeni teknolojilerin uygulanmasının etkinliğini incelemektedir. Şirketlerin sorumlu tutulması konusunda karşılaşılan zorluklar genellikle çok uluslu şirketlerin insan hakları ihlalleri ve çevresel ihlalleri konusunda sorumluluklarıyla ilgili endişelere neden olmaktadır.
Dünya genelindeki hükümetler, sorumluluk sorununu aşabilmek için özellikle çevre koruması ve insan hakları alanlarındaki çok uluslu şirketlerin ihlalleri ile başa çıkmayı amaçlayan iç düzenlemeler ve uluslararası düzenlemeler hazırlamaktadır. Avrupa Komisyonu'nun Kurumsal Sürdürülebilirlik Yükümlülüklerine İlişkin Tüzük (CSDDD) önerisi bu konuda dikkate değer bir örnektir. Bu düzenleme bir şirketin değer zincirinin her yönünü kapsayan coğrafi sınırları aşan kapsamlı önleyici tedbirler yükümlülüğünü zorunlu kılmaktadır..
Bu makale, çok uluslu şirketlerin sorumlu tutulmasına yönelik sorunlara gelişen teknolojilerin yardımıyla çözümler arayarak yenilikçi bir yaklaşım benimsemektedir. Makale çok uluslu şirketleri tanıtarak başlamakta, işletim alanlarını ve küresel ekonomiye katkılarını açıklamaktadır. Devamında, çok uluslu şirketler tarafından işlenen çevresel ihlalleri ve insan hakları ihlallerini araştırarak bu eylemlerden dolayı sürekli sorumlulukları ve yükümlülükleri ortaya çıkarır. Bu süreçte, çok uluslu şirketler ve ülkelerin küresel peyzajda karşılaştığı zorlukları ele almak için teknolojinin dönüştürücü potansiyelini kullanma fikri makalede değerlendirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çok Uluslu Şirketler, Gelişen Teknolojiler, Sürdürülebilirlik Yükümlülüklerine İlişkin Tüzük, Blokzincir, Yapay Zeka

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