Öz
There was not any specific state system at hidjāz region before Islam. So it cannot be mentioned about Iqtā term that means distributed land between Muslim for specific aims. However, in the time of the Prophet, the region was brought to an administrative center. Attempts have been made to get maximum efficiency from the soil. Empty soils were divided among the immigrants and brought to agriculture. The Prophet took land on various occasions in order to meet the needs of the people. The vast majority of the lands it gave were for settlement purposes. He refrained from giving places where all the people would benefit. The lands that were given as Iqtā during the period of Rashid Caliphs savafi lands that were dead lands and lands that were not owned by any person. The reason for these lands was given to facilitate the Islamization of the conquered places in general, to encourage the establishment of new cities and to meet the needs of the soldiers placed at the border. In addition, some lands were given as Iqtā to bring income to the treasury and the sawafis are mostly composed of these lands. In return, the tax levied is usually the tithe tax, sometimes tribute tax has been levied. Ownership rights of the lands given were in the caliphs and the power of disposition belonged to those who acquired the land as Iqtā. Those who bought the land for cultivation were entitled to these lands as long as they fulfilled their conditions. However, if they left this land empty for three years, the caliphs would take these lands out of their hands and give it to the people they deem appropriate.