Afet Yönetişiminde Sivil Toplum ve Güven Algıları

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 12, 1 - 45, 21.06.2020

Fahri Çakı

https://doi.org/10.25306/skad.720617

Cited By: 5

Öz

Türkiye’de mevcut literatür, “güçlü ve ceberut devlet geleneği” ile “zayıf sivil toplum” ilişkisinden kaynaklanan “merkeziyetçi ve başarısız afet yönetimi pratiklerinin” afetlere karşı güvenlik açıkları yarattığını ileri sürer ve çözüm olarak, afet yönetişimi kavramı çerçevesinde, devlet ve sivil toplum kuruluşlarının afet riskini azaltmak için sorumlulukları paylaşmalarını önerir. Literatür aynı zamanda 1999 Marmara depremleri sırasında ve sonrasında oynadıkları pozitif rollerle STK’ların toplumsal tabanda büyük bir güven kazanmasına karşın merkezi devletin güven kaybına uğradığı görüşünde birleşmektedir.
Bu makale, afet yönetişiminde aktif rol almaları beklenen aktörler arasındaki güven algılarının güncel durumunu incelemeyi, bu suretle “güçlü devlet” ve “zayıf sivil toplum” kavramları çerçevesindeki kuramsal önermelerin doğruluğunu güncel görgül verilerle sınamayı ve 2020 yılı itibariyle Türkiye’de afet yönetişimi aktörlerinin birbirlerine güven ve işbirliği hususunda fiili durumun ne olduğunu incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Makale, afet yönetişiminin Türkiye’deki özel durumunu, Balıkesir örnek olayı çerçevesinde nicel ve nitel yöntemleri birlikte kullanarak incelemektedir. Ana bulgular, sivil topluma güvenin devlet kurumlarına güvenin gerisinde olduğu, AFAD’ın yönetişim ilkelerine daha açık olmasına karşın toplumsal tabanın güvenini en çok belediyelerin kazandığıdır. Makale, yerel yönetimlerin ve merkezi devlet kurumlarının kendini kanıtlamış, siyaset üstü STK’larla daha fazla iletişim ve işbirliği geliştirmesi, afet yönetimine katkı sunmak isteyen STK’ların da güven tazelemesi gerekli sonucuna ulaşmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

afet yönetişimi, sivil toplum, yerel yönetimler, merkezi devlet

Destekleyen Kurum

TÜBİTAK

Proje Numarası

116K208

Teşekkür

Yazar, bu makaleye kaynaklık eden “Balıkesir’de Aile, Yerel Yönetimler ve Doğal Afetler: Farkındalık, Hazırlık, Güven ve Sosyal Sermaye Açılarından Sosyolojik Bir İnceleme” başlıklı ve 116K208 numaralı projeyi desteklediği için TÜBİTAK’a, projede rol alan araştırmacılar, Alper Uzun, Abdurrahman Özkan ve Barış Şentuna’ya ve katkı sunan diğer tüm öğrenci ve dostlara teşekkür eder.

Civil Society and Perceptions of Trust in Disaster Governance

Öz

Proje Numarası

116K208

Kaynakça

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