İnsansız Hava Araçları (İHA) Mürettebat Performansı ve Emniyetin Artırılması: Teknoloji ve İnovasyon Yönetimi Perspektifi

Yıl 2024, , 130 - 153, 30.07.2024

Ayse Aslı Yılmaz

https://doi.org/10.54733/smar.1512893

Öz

İnsansız hava araçlarının (İHA) çeşitli sektörlere entegrasyonu, operasyonel verimliliği, emniyeti ve görev başarısını sağlamak için insan faktörlerinin optimize edilmesinin önemini vurgulamaktadır. Bu çalışma, İHA operasyonlarında insan faktörleri üzerine yapılan literatürün kapsamlı bir bibliyometrik analizini sunmakta ve bilişsel iş yükü, durumsal farkındalık, karar verme, ergonomik tasarım ve insan-makine etkileşimi konularına odaklanmaktadır. Analiz, 2000-2023 yılları arasındaki yayınları kapsayacak şekilde Web of Science kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ana bulgular arasında, son on yılda araştırma çıktılarında önemli bir artış olduğu, İHA teknolojisi ve insan faktörlerine olan artan ilgi ve yatırımı vurgulayan sonuçlar yer almaktadır. Rosenstein (2006), Patterson (2010), Reason (1990), Wiegmann (2001) ve Shappell (2007) gibi etkili yazarlar ile Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Southeast University China, Xidian University, ve Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics gibi kurumlar, bu alanda lider olarak ortaya çıkmış ve ergonomik tasarım ve karar verme süreçlerinde ilerlemelere katkıda bulunmuşlardır. Özellikle, İHA operatörlerinin uzun vadeli bilişsel iş yükü etkilerini ele alan kapsamlı çalışmaların ve İHA operasyon ortamlarına özel olarak uyarlanmış standart ergonomik kılavuzların geliştirilmesinin eksikliği dikkat çekicidir. Gelişmiş insan-makine etkileşimi teknolojilerinin entegrasyonu halen yeterince araştırılmamış olup, bu alanda daha fazla araştırmaya ihtiyaç olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu boşlukları vurgulayan analiz, mevcut araştırma dinamiklerini anlayışlı bir şekilde sunarak İHA operatörleri, düzenleyiciler ve politika yapıcılar için değerli çıkarımlar sağlamaktadır. Bu bulgular, alanın ilerlemesi ve İHA operasyonlarında ekip performansı ve güvenliği artırmaya yönelik gelecekteki araştırma girişimlerine rehberlik etmek açısından önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

insansız hava araçları, inovasyon yönetimi, insan faktörleri, mürettebat performansı, emniyet

Enhancing UAV Crew Performance and Safety: A Technology and Innovation Management Perspective

Öz

The integration of Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) into various sectors underscores the importance of optimizing human factors to ensure operational efficiency, safety, and mission success. This study presents a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of the literature on human factors in UAV operations, focusing on cognitive workload, situational awareness, decision-making, ergonomic design, and human-machine interaction. The analysis was conducted using the WoS, covering publications from 2000 to 2023. Key findings include a significant increase in research output over the last decade, highlighting the growing interest and investment in UAV technology and human factors. Influential authors such as Rosenstein (2006), Patterson (2010), Reason (1990), Wiegmann (2001), and Shappell (2007), along with institutions like Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Southeast University China, Xidian University, and Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, have emerged as leaders in this field, contributing to advancements in ergonomic design and decision-making processes. Notably, there is a lack of comprehensive studies addressing the long-term cognitive workload effects on UAV operators and the development of standardized ergonomic guidelines tailored specifically for UAV operation environments. The integration of advanced human-machine interaction technologies remains underexplored, indicating a need for further research in this area. By highlighting these gaps, the analysis provides a nuanced understanding of current research dynamics, offering valuable implications for UAV operators, regulators, and policymakers. These findings are pivotal for advancing the field and guiding future research initiatives aimed at enhancing crew performance and safety in UAV operations.

Anahtar Kelimeler

unmanned aerial vehicles, innovation management, human factors, crew performance, safety

Kaynakça

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