Multimodal AI and Expert Judgment in Workplace Ergonomic Risk Assessment

Mehmed Zahid Çögenli; Fatih Ulukaya

doi:10.54733/smar.2020406

EN TR

Multimodal AI and Expert Judgment in Workplace Ergonomic Risk Assessment

Öz

Accessible multimodal AI assistants can produce immediate workplace risk judgments from ordinary images, raising questions about when organizations may treat automated outputs as substitutes for professional expertise. This study examined how first-response ergonomic risk judgments from ChatGPT, Claude, and Gemini, accessed in July 2026, aligned with fixed expert Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) references within an expert-validated medium-risk dental workplace benchmark. Twelve de-identified working-posture images were submitted once to each assistant using the same standardized Turkish prompt. Two experts independently scored each image without AI outputs, resolved differences by discussion, and then evaluated model-blinded responses against the agreed REBA references. Blinded expert calibration was the principal inferential outcome; direct categorical calibration and two critical-error indicators were supporting analyses. All three assistants identified visible postural concerns, but their severity judgments differed within the same reference distribution. ChatGPT usually retained the expert-supported medium-risk category, whereas Claude and Gemini frequently shifted the same cases upward. The experts showed strong agreement in identifying well-calibrated, incorrectly calibrated, and excessively certain responses. The findings show that successful observation does not by itself establish reliable classification. We therefore frame risk calibration as a boundary condition for bounded substitution: Competence at one stage of professional work does not automatically justify delegating authority over subsequent classification or action. These results are time-bounded to the tested July 2026 model versions and do not establish performance across the full REBA spectrum.

Anahtar Kelimeler

multimodal artificial intelligence (AI), workplace ergonomics, risk calibration, professional judgment, organizational governance, occupational health and safety management

İşyeri Ergonomik Risk Değerlendirmesinde Çok Modlu Yapay Zekâ ve Uzman Yargısı

Öz

Erişilebilir çok modlu yapay zekâ asistanları sıradan görsellerden anlık işyeri risk yargıları üretebilmekte; bu durum, kuruluşların otomatik çıktıları hangi koşullarda mesleki uzmanlığın yerine kullanabileceği sorusunu gündeme getirmektedir. Bu çalışma, Temmuz 2026’da erişilen ChatGPT, Claude ve Gemini’nin ilk ergonomik risk yargılarının, uzmanlarca doğrulanmış orta risk düzeyindeki bir diş hekimliği işyeri kıyaslama setinde sabit uzman Hızlı Tüm Vücut Değerlendirmesi (REBA) referanslarıyla ne ölçüde uyum gösterdiğini incelemiştir. Kimliksizleştirilmiş on iki çalışma duruşu görseli, standartlaştırılmış Türkçe komutla her asistana bir kez sunulmuştur. İki uzman, yapay zekâ çıktılarına erişmeden görselleri bağımsız olarak puanlamış, farklılıkları tartışarak nihai REBA referanslarında uzlaşmış ve ardından model kimlikleri gizlenmiş yanıtları bu referanslara göre değerlendirmiştir. Körlenmiş uzman kalibrasyonu temel çıkarımsal sonuç olarak ele alınmış; doğrudan kategorik kalibrasyon ile iki kritik hata göstergesi destekleyici analizler olarak kullanılmıştır. Üç asistan da görünür duruş sorunlarını belirlemiş, ancak aynı referans dağılımı içindeki risk şiddeti yargıları farklılaşmıştır. ChatGPT çoğunlukla uzmanlar tarafından desteklenen orta risk kategorisini korurken Claude ve Gemini aynı vakaları sıklıkla daha yüksek kategorilere taşımıştır. Uzmanlar, iyi kalibre edilmiş, hatalı kalibre edilmiş ve aşırı kesinlik içeren yanıtları belirlemede güçlü uyum göstermiştir. Bulgular, başarılı gözlemin tek başına güvenilir sınıflandırmayı göstermediğini ortaya koymaktadır. Bu nedenle risk kalibrasyonu, sınırlı ikamenin (bounded substitution) bir sınır koşulu olarak ele alınmaktadır: Mesleki çalışmanın bir aşamasındaki yeterlilik, sonraki sınıflandırma veya eylem yetkisinin devredilmesini otomatik olarak haklı çıkarmaz. Sonuçlar, Temmuz 2026’da test edilen model sürümleriyle sınırlıdır ve REBA risk spektrumunun tamamındaki performansı ortaya koymamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

çok modlu yapay zekâ, işyeri ergonomisi, risk kalibrasyonu, mesleki yargı, örgütsel yönetişim, iş sağlığı ve güvenliği yönetimi

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Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Örgütsel Davranış

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yazarlar

Mehmed Zahid Çögenli ^*
0000-0003-3018-4157
Türkiye

Fatih Ulukaya
0000-0001-9285-668X
Türkiye

Yayımlanma Tarihi

30 Ekim 2026

Gönderilme Tarihi

17 Ağustos 2026

Kabul Tarihi

2 Ekim 2026

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2026 Cilt: 7 Sayı: Global Academic Issues in Social Science

DOI

https://doi.org/10.54733/smar.2020406

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA63AG54RE

APA

Çögenli, M. Z., & Ulukaya, F. (2026). Multimodal AI and Expert Judgment in Workplace Ergonomic Risk Assessment. Sosyal Mucit Academic Review, 7(Global Academic Issues in Social Science), 63-86. https://doi.org/10.54733/smar.2020406

AMA

1.Çögenli MZ, Ulukaya F. Multimodal AI and Expert Judgment in Workplace Ergonomic Risk Assessment. SMAR. 2026;7(Global Academic Issues in Social Science):63-86. doi:10.54733/smar.2020406

Chicago

Çögenli, Mehmed Zahid, ve Fatih Ulukaya. 2026. “Multimodal AI and Expert Judgment in Workplace Ergonomic Risk Assessment”. Sosyal Mucit Academic Review 7 (Global Academic Issues in Social Science): 63-86. https://doi.org/10.54733/smar.2020406.

EndNote

Çögenli MZ, Ulukaya F (01 Ekim 2026) Multimodal AI and Expert Judgment in Workplace Ergonomic Risk Assessment. Sosyal Mucit Academic Review 7 Global Academic Issues in Social Science 63–86.

IEEE

[1]M. Z. Çögenli ve F. Ulukaya, “Multimodal AI and Expert Judgment in Workplace Ergonomic Risk Assessment”, SMAR, c. 7, sy Global Academic Issues in Social Science, ss. 63–86, Eki. 2026, doi: 10.54733/smar.2020406.

ISNAD

Çögenli, Mehmed Zahid - Ulukaya, Fatih. “Multimodal AI and Expert Judgment in Workplace Ergonomic Risk Assessment”. Sosyal Mucit Academic Review 7/Global Academic Issues in Social Science (01 Ekim 2026): 63-86. https://doi.org/10.54733/smar.2020406.

JAMA

1.Çögenli MZ, Ulukaya F. Multimodal AI and Expert Judgment in Workplace Ergonomic Risk Assessment. SMAR. 2026;7:63–86.

MLA

Çögenli, Mehmed Zahid, ve Fatih Ulukaya. “Multimodal AI and Expert Judgment in Workplace Ergonomic Risk Assessment”. Sosyal Mucit Academic Review, c. 7, sy Global Academic Issues in Social Science, Ekim 2026, ss. 63-86, doi:10.54733/smar.2020406.

Vancouver

1.Mehmed Zahid Çögenli, Fatih Ulukaya. Multimodal AI and Expert Judgment in Workplace Ergonomic Risk Assessment. SMAR. 01 Ekim 2026;7(Global Academic Issues in Social Science):63-86. doi:10.54733/smar.2020406

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Multimodal AI and Expert Judgment in Workplace Ergonomic Risk Assessment

Öz

Anahtar Kelimeler

İşyeri Ergonomik Risk Değerlendirmesinde Çok Modlu Yapay Zekâ ve Uzman Yargısı

Öz

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

Konular

Bölüm

Yazarlar

Yayımlanma Tarihi

Gönderilme Tarihi

Kabul Tarihi

Yayımlandığı Sayı

DOI

IZ

Kaynak Göster