Endoplazmik Retikulum Stresinde Hücre Sağkalım ve Ölüm Kararı

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 0 - 0, 24.06.2016

Sümeyra Çetinkaya , Hatice Gül Dursun

Öz

Endoplazmik Retikulum (ER) ’un fonksiyonları protein ve lipid biyosentezi, protein katlanması ve trafiği, kalsiyum homeostazı ve çeşitli diğer yaşamsal süreçlerdir. ER ’de yanlış katlanmış ya da katlanmamış proteinlerin birikimi ER homeostazında değişikliklere yol açar. ER fonksiyonlarını hasara uğratan hücresel durumlar olduğunda, ER stresi meydana gelir ve sonuç olarak katlanmamış protein yanıtı (UPR) olarak isimlendirilen bir yolak aktive olur. UPR sinyal yolağı ER şaperonlarının miktarını artırır ve protein translasyonunu düzenler. UPR iki zıt fonksiyona sahiptir: ilki ER homeostazını yeniden sağlamak ve ikincisi apoptozisin ya da otofajinin uyarılmasını içeren adaptif mekanizmalar geliştirmek. UPR stres koşullarının üstesinden gelemezse, üçüncü bir yol olarak hücrenin sağkalımı ve büyümesine de izin verebilir. Sonuç olarak, metabolik hastalıklar, nörodejeneratif hastalıklar, inflamatuar hastalıklar ve kanser meydana gelebilir. ( Sakarya Tıp Dergisi 2016, 6(2):73-80 )

Anahtar Kelimeler: ER stres, katlanmamış protein yanıtı, apoptozis, otofaji

Kaynakça

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