Kinesiophobia Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 289 - 296, 28.06.2019

Alauddin Kochai , Levent Bayam Mehmet Erdem , Ahmet Can Erdem , Deniz Gülabi Uğur Özdemir Sarper Mehmet Çetinkaya Ünal Erkorkmaz

https://doi.org/10.31832/smj.552802

Öz

Purpose:  We aimed to investigate the effect of kinesiophobia on daily and sport activities. We compared Tampa scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK) with Tagner Activity score (TAS). We hypothesized that high level of Tampa scale of Kinesiophobia decreases Tagner Activity score.

 

Materyal Methods:A total of 50 patients, with Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction surgery from January 2010 and December 2016 were included in this study. The patients completed the Lysholm Knee, TAS and TSK questionnaires postoperatively. KT-1000 arthrometer at 30 degrees knee flexion performed for both knees. The TSK score was compared with TAS and Lyshman knee score. 

Results:Mean age was 29.6 (18-50). Minimum follow-up was 12 months. Twenty of 50 patients (%40) had meniscal tears. The TAShad negative and significant correlation with TSK. Higher TSKled to lower TASand lower TSKled to higher TAS.There was no difference in Lysholm and TAS compared to TSKin patient with or without meniscal tear.

Conclusion 

Our study showed that knee functions are not the only indicator to return preinjury daily and sport activities. Kinesiophobia may also play a significant role even if the Lyshman knee score is higher. The patients with Anterior cruciate ligamentinjury must be warned about the kinesiophobia. In our opinion, all the patients with Anterior cruciate ligamentruptures should have a kinesiophobia test. The patients who have high rate of kinesiophobia preoperatively, shouldhave a psychotherapy postoperatively in addition to their physical therapy. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Anterior Cruciate Ligament; Kinesiophobia; Lysholm knee score; Meniscal tear; Tempa Scale of Kinesiophobia; Tagner activity score

Ön Çapraz Bağ Rekonstrüksiyonu Yapılan Hastalarda Kinezyofobi

Öz

Amaç :Kinezyofobi’nin gündelik ve sportif aktivitelerin üzerindeki rolünü, Tempa Kinezyofobi skorunu (TSK)  Tagner aktivite skoru (TAS) üzerindeki etkilerini araştırmaya amaçladık. 

Hipotez: Yüksek Tempa Kinezyofobi skoru Tagner aktivite skorunu düşürür. 

 

Materyal Metod: Ocak 2010-Aralık 2016 yılları arasında önçapraz bağ rekonstrüksiyonu yapılan 50 hasta çalışmaya alındı. Tüm hastalara Lysholm diz skorlaması, Tagner aktivite skorlaması ve Tempa Kinezyofobi skorlaması yapıldı. Hastaların her iki dizine 30 derecede KT-1000 artrometreuygulandı. Tempa Kinezyofobi skoru, Tagner aktivite skoru ve Lysholm knee skoru ile karşılaştırıldı.  

 

Sonuçlar: Hastaların ortalama yaşı 29.6 (18-50) ve minimum takip süreleri 12 ay idi. Hastaların 20’sinde (%40) aynı zamanda menisküs yırtığı mevcuttu. Tagner aktivite skoru, Tempa Kinezyofobi skoru ile anlamlı olarak negatif bir korelasyon olduğu görüldü. Yüksek Tempa kinezyofobi skoru olan hastalarda Tegner aktivite skoru düşük, düşük Tempa kinezyofobi skoru olan hastalarda Tegner aktivite skoru anlamlı olarak yükek olduğu görüldü. İstatistiksel olarak TKS ve TAS Lysholm skorları arasında, menisküs yırtığı olan ve olmayan hastalar arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunmadı.

 

Çıkarım:Çalışmamız diz fonksiyonlarının, istenilen düzeyde olması, yaralanma öncesi gündelik aktivite ve sportif aktiviteye geri dönüş için yeterli olmadığını gösterdi. Lysholm skoru yüksek olsa bile Kinezyofobini sportif aktiviteye geri dönüşte önemli rol oynamaktadır. Calismamiz sonuclarina gore, tüm ön çapraz bağ yırtığı için opere edilecek hastaların kinezyofobi hakkında bilgilendirilmesini ve testin yapılmasını, ayrıca, yüksek kinezyofobi skoru olan hastalara fizik tedavinin yanında psikolojik terapi almaları öneririz. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ön çapraz bağ; Kinezyofobi; Lysholm diz skoru; Meisküs yırtığı; Tempa kinezyofobi skoru; Tagner aktivite skoru

Kaynakça

• 1. Baer GS, Harner CD. Clinical outcomes of allograft versus autograft in anterior cruciate lig-ament reconstruction. Clin Sports Med. 2007; 26:661–681.
• 2. National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS). Vital and health statistics: ambulatory and in-patient procedures in the United States, 1996. Washington, DC: Centers for Disease Con-trol and Prevention; 1998.
• 3. Griffin LY, Agel J, Albohm MJ, Arendt EA, Dick RW, Garrett WE, et al. Noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injuries: risk factors and prevention strategies. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2000; 8(3): 141-50.
• 4. Marx RG, Jones EC, Angel M, Wickiewicz TL, Warren RF. Beliefs and attitudes of members of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons regarding the treatment of anterior cruciate ligament injury. Arthroscopy. 2003; 19:762–770. [PubMed: 12966385]
• 5. Vlaeyen J W, Kole-Snijders A M, Boeren R G, van Eek H. Fear of movement/ (re)injury in chronic low back pain and its relation to behavioral perfor- mance. Pain 1995b; 62 (3): 363-72.
• 6. Wilk KE, Macrina LC, Cain EL, Dugas JR, Andrews JR. Recent advances in the rehabilita-tion of anterior cruciate ligament injuries. Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2012;42(March (3)):153–71.
• 7. Butler DL, Noyes FR, Grood ES. Ligamentous restraints to anterior-posterior drawer in the human knee: a biomechanical study. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1980; 62-A:259-270.
• 8. Kiapour A.M. and Murray M.M., Basic science of anterior cruciate ligament injury and Bone Joint Res. 2014 Feb; 3(2):20-31.
• 9. Kori SH, Miller RP, Todd DD. Kinesiophobia: A new view of chronic pain behavior. Pain Manag 1990;3:35–43.
• 10. Laeyen JW, KoleSnijders AM, Rotteveel AM, Ruesink R, Heuts PH. The role of fear of movement (re)injury in pain disability. J Occup Rehabil. 1995;5(4):235–52.
• 11. Ana Tichonova, Inesa Rimdeikienė, Daiva Petruševičienė, Eglė Lendraitienė. The relation-ship between pain catastrophizing, kinesiophobia and subjective knee function during re-habilitation following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and meniscectomy: A pilot study. Medicina 52 (2016) 229–237
• 12. Kvist J, Ek A, Sporrstedt K, Good L. Fear of re-injury: a hindrance for returning to sports after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2005;13(July (5)):393–7.
• 13. Everhart JS, Best TM, Flanigan DC. Psychological predictors of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction outcomes: a systematic review. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2015 Mar;23(3):752-62. doi: 10.1007/s00167-013-2699-1 14. Lee DY, Karim SA, Chang HC. Return to sports after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruc-tion. A review of patients with minimum 5-year follow-up. Ann Acad Med Singapore 2008;37:273-278.
• 15. Ardern CL, Taylor NF, Feller JA, Webster KE. Return-to-sport outcomes at 2 to 7 years af-ter anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery. Am J Sports Med 2012; 40(1): 41-8.
• 16. Ardern CL, Webster KE, Taylor NF, Feller JA. Return to the preinjury level of competitive sport after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery: two-thirds of patients have not returned by 12 months after surgery. Am J Sports Med 2011; 39(3): 538-43.
• 17. Aglietti P, Giron F, Buzzi R, Biddau F, Sasso F. Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: bone- patellar tendon-bone compared with double semitendinosus and gracilis tendon grafts. A prospective, randomized clinical trial. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2004; 86-A (10): 2143-55.
• 18. Barber-Westin SD, Noyes FR. Factors used to determine return to unrestricted sports activ-ities after anterior 30. cruciate ligament reconstruction. Arthroscopy 2011;27: 1697-1705.
• 19. Thomee R, Kaplan Y, Kvist J, et al. Muscle strength and hop performance criteria prior to return to sports after ACL reconstruction. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2011;19:1798-1805.
• 20. Flanigan DC, Everhart JS, Pedroza A, Smith T, Kaeding CC. Fear of reinjury (kinesio-phobia) and persistent knee symptoms are common factors for lack of return to sport after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Arthroscopy. 2013;29(8):1322-9.
• 21. Michael j. Medvecky, Stephen Nelson. Kinesiophobia and Return to Sports After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction. Connecticut Medıcıne, March 2015, Volume 79, NO. 3
• 22. Österberg A, Kvist J, Dahlgren MA. Ways of experiencing participation and factors affect-ing the activity level after nonreconstructed anteriorcruciate ligament injury: a qualitative study. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2013;43(March (3)):172–83.
• 23. Leeuw M, Goossens ME, Linton SJ, Crombez G, Boersma K, Vlaeyen JW. The fear-avoidance model of musculoskeletal pain: current state of scientific evidence. J Behav Med 2007;30 February (1):77–94.
• 24. Quartana PJ, Campbell CM, Edwards RR. Pain catastrophizing: a critical review. Expert Rev Neurother 2009;9 May (5):745–58.
• 25. George SZ, Lentz TA, Zeppieri G, Lee D, Chmielewski TL. Analysis of shortened versions of the tampa scale for kinesiophobia and pain catastrophizing scale for patients after ante-rior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Clin J Pain 2012;28 January (1):73–80.
• 26. Ardern CL, Webster KE, Taylor NF, Feller JA. Return to sport following anterior cruciate lig-ament reconstruction surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the state of play. Br J Sports Med 2011;45 June (7):596–606.
• 27. Ardern CL, Taylor NF, Feller JA, Webster KE. Fifty-five per cent return to competitive sport following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis including aspects of physical functioning and contextual factors. Br J Sports Med 2014;48 November (21):1543–52.
• 28. Brewer BW, Cornelius AE, Van Raalte JL, et al. Age related differences in predictors of adherence to rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. J Athl Train 2003;38:158-162.
• 29. Brewer BW, Van Raalte JL, Cornelius AE, et al. Psychological factors, rehabilitation ad-herence, and rehabilitation outcome after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. 40. Rehabil Psychol 2000;45:20.
• 30. Gobbi A, Franscisso R.(2006). Factors affecting return to sports after anterior 332 cru-ciate ligament reconstruction with patellar and hamstring graft: a prospective clini-333 cal investigation. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 14(10):1021-8.
• 31. Thomeé P, Währborg P, Börjesson M, Thomeé R, Eriksson BI, Karlsson J. Self-efficacy of knee function as a pre-operative predictor of outcome 1 year after anterior cruciate liga-ment reconstruction. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2008;16:118-127.