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Yaşlılarda Bası Yaraları ve Beslenme Tedavisi

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 3, 387 - 397, 16.09.2019

Öz

Bası yaraları, baskı veya sıkıştırma sonucu
genelde kemik çıkıntısının üzerinde bulunan deri ve/veya dokunun hasarıdır.
Yaşlılar bası yarası gelişim riski bakımından en riskli gruptur. Bası yaraları;
istenmeyen ağırlık kaybı, besin öğelerinin yetersiz alımı ve düşük beden kütle
indeksi (<18.5 kg/m2) ile ilişkilendirilmektedir. Yaşlılarda bası
yarası oluşum riskini en aza indirmek için günlük 30-35 kkal/kg enerji, 1.2-1.5
g/kg protein ve 1 mL/kkal sıvı alınması önemlidir. Arjinin ve glutamin gibi
spesifik aminoasit suplemantasyonlarının bası yarasının iyileşmesini
hızlandırabileceği düşünülmektedir. Yaşlılarda bası yararlarının önlenmesinde
ve tedavisinde sadece diyetle alımı az olan veya besin öğesi yetersizliği olan vitamin
ve mineral suplemantasyonu önerilmelidir. Bası yarası iyileşmeyen bireyin besin
öğesi gereksinimleri oral olarak karşılanamıyorsa, enteral veya paranteral
beslenme desteği düşünülmelidir. Ancak, tüple beslenme uygulanacağı durumlarda,
riskler ve bireyde ulaşılması düşünülen hedefler iyi değerlendirilmelidir.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Berlowitz D. Incidence and Prevalence of Pressure Ulcers. In: Thomas DR, Compton GA (eds), Pressure Ulcers in the Aging Population. New York: Springer; 2014. p 19-25.
  • 2. Ünver S, Yildirim M, Akyolcu N, Kanan N. Basınç yaralarına ilişkin kavram analizi. FN Hem Derg 2014;22(3):168-71.
  • 3. Campbell C, Parish LC. The decubitus ulcer: facts and controversies. Clinics in Dermatology 2010;28(5):527-32.
  • 4. Bansal C, Scott R, Stewart D, Cockerell CJ. Decubitus ulcers: a review of the literature. International Journal of Dermatology 2005;44(10):805-10.
  • 5. Kottner J, Raeder K. Assessment and Documentation of Pressure Ulcers. In: Thomas DR, Compton GA (eds), Pressure Ulcers in the Aging Population. New York: Springer; 2014. p 47-61.
  • 6. Parish LC, Lowthian P, Witkowski JA. The decubitus ulcer: many questions but few definitive answers. Clinics in Dermatology 2007;25(1):101-08.
  • 7. Jackson D, Sarki AM, Betteridge R, Brooke J. Medical device-related pressure ulcers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Nursing Studies 2019;92:109-20.
  • 8. Haesler E, Rayner R, Carville K. The pan pacific clinical practice guideline for the prevention and management of pressure injury. Wound Practice & Research 2012;20(1):1-5.
  • 9. House KW, Johnson TM. Prevention of Pressure Ulcers. In: Thomas DR, Compton GA (eds), Pressure Ulcers in the Aging Population. New York: Springer; 2014: p 27-43.
  • 10. Lowthian PT. Trauma and thrombosis in the pathogenesis of pressure ulcers. Clinics in Dermatology 2005;23(1):116-23.
  • 11. Jafferany M, Huynh TV, Silverman MA, Zaidi Z. Geriatric dermatoses: a clinical review of skin diseases in an aging population. Int J Dermatol 2012;51(5):509-22.
  • 12. Gardiner JC, Reed PL, Bonner JD, Haggerty DK, Hale DG. Incidence of hospital-acquired pressure ulcers - a population-based cohort study. International Wound Journal 2016;13(5):809-20.
  • 13. Rasero L, Simonetti M, Falciani F, Fabbri C, Collini F, Dal Molin A. Pressure ulcers in older adults: a prevalence study. Advances in Skin & Wound Care 2015;28(10):461-64.
  • 14. Theisen S, Drabik A, Stock S. Pressure ulcers in older hospitalised patients and its impact on length of stay: a retrospective observational study. Journal of Clinical Nursing 2012;21(3-4):380-7.
  • 15. Langemo DK, Black J. Pressure ulcers in individuals receiving palliative care: a national pressure ulcer advisory panel white paper. Advances in Skin & Wound Care 2010;23(2):59-72.
  • 16. Kennerly S, Batchelor-Murphy M, Yap TL. Clinical insights: understanding the link between nutrition and pressure ulcer prevention. Geriatric Nursing 2015;36(6):477-81.
  • 17. Harris CL, Fraser C. Malnutrition in the institutionalized elderly: the effects on wound healing. Ostomy/wound Management 2004;50(10):54-63.
  • 18. Jaul E, Calderon-Margalit R. Systemic factors and mortality in elderly patients with pressure ulcers. International Wound Journal 2015;12(3):254-9.
  • 19. Theilla M, Schwartz B, Cohen J, Shapiro H, Anbar R, Singer P. Impact of a nutritional formula enriched in fish oil and micronutrients on pressure ulcers in critical care patients.American Journal of Critical Care 2012;21(4):e102-09.
  • 20. Little MO. Nutrition and skin ulcers. Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care 2013;16(1):39-49.
  • 21. Stechmiller JK.Understanding the role of nutrition and wound healing.Nutrition in Clinical Practice 2010;25(1):61-8.
  • 22. Saghaleini SH, Dehghan K, Shadvar K, Sanaie S, Mahmoodpoor A, Ostadi Z. Pressure ulcer and nutrition. Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2018;22(4):283-89.
  • 23. Salva A, Coll-Planas L, Bruce S, De Groot L, Andrieu S, Abellan G, et al. Nutritional assessment of residents in long-term care facilities (LTCFs): recommendations of the task force on nutrition and ageing of the IAGG European region and the IANA. The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging 2009;13(6):475-83.
  • 24. Abdulwadood MZ, Ali SH. Simple nutritional and inflammatory markers associated with bed sores in elderly stroke people. Advances in Aging Research 2016;5(02):58-69.
  • 25. Sugino H, Hashimoto I, Tanaka Y, Ishida S, Abe Y, Nakanishi H. Relation between the serum albumin level and nutrition supply in patients with pressure ulcers: retrospective study in an acute care setting. The Journal of Medical Investigation 2014;61(1-2):15-21.
  • 26. Posthauer ME, Banks M, Dorner B, Schols JM. The role of nutrition for pressure ulcer management: national pressure ulcer advisory panel, European pressure ulcer advisory panel, and pan pacific pressure injury alliance white paper. Adv Skin Wound Care 2015;28(4):175-88; 175-88.
  • 27. Cereda E, Klersy C, Rondanelli M, Caccialanza R. Energy balance in patients with pressure ulcers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.Journal of the American Dietetic Association 2011;111(12):1868-76.
  • 28. Iizaka S, Okuwa M, Sugama J, Sanada H. The impact of malnutrition and nutrition-related factors on the development and severity of pressure ulcers in older patients receiving home care. Clinical Nutrition 2010;29(1):47-53.
  • 29. Brito PA, de Vasconcelos Generoso S, Correia MITD. Prevalence of pressure ulcers in hospitals in Brazil and association with nutritional status—a multicenter, cross-sectional study. Nutrition 2013;29(4):646-9.
  • 30. Yatabe MS, Taguchi F, Ishida I, Sato A, Kameda T, Ueno S, et al. Mini nutritional assessment as a useful method of predicting the development of pressure ulcers in elderly inpatients. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2013;61(10):1698-704.
  • 31. Tsaousi G, Stavrou G, Ioannidis A, Salonikidis S, Kotzampassi K. Pressure ulcers and malnutrition: results from a snapshot sampling in a university hospital. Med Princ Pract 2015;24(1):11-6.
  • 32. Alhaug J, Gay CL, Henriksen C, Lerdal A. Pressure ulcer is associated with malnutrition as assessed by Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS 2002) in a mixed hospital population. Food & Nutrition Research 2017;61(1):1324230.
  • 33. Gumieiro DN, Rafacho BP, Gradella LM, Azevedo PS, Gaspardo D, Zornoff LA, et al. Handgrip strength predicts pressure ulcers in patients with hip fractures. Nutrition 2012;28(9):874-8.
  • 34. Donato-Trancoso A, Monte-Alto-Costa A, Romana-Souza B.Olive oil-induced reduction of oxidative damage and inflammation promotes wound healing of pressure ulcers in mice.Journal of Dermatological Science2016;83(1):60-9.
  • 35. Shahin ES, Meijers JM, Schols JM, Tannen A, Halfens RJ, Dassen T. The relationship between malnutrition parameters and pressure ulcers in hospitals and nursing homes. Nutrition 2010;26(9):886-9.
  • 36. Theilla M, Singer P, Cohen J, DeKeyser F. A diet enriched in eicosapentanoic acid, gamma-linolenic acid and antioxidants in the prevention of new pressure ulcer formation in critically ill patients with acute lung injury: a randomized, prospective, controlled study. Clinical Nutrition 2007;26(6):752-7.
  • 37. Cai S, Rahman M, Intrator O. Obesity and pressure ulcers among nursing home residents. Medical Care 2013;51(6):478-86.
  • 38. VanGilder C, MacFarlane G, Meyer S, Lachenbruch C. Body mass index, weight, and pressure ulcer prevalence: an analysis of the 2006-2007 International Pressure Ulcer Prevalence Surveys. Journal of Nursing Care Quality 2009;24(2):127-35.
  • 39. Ness SJ, Hickling DF, Bell JJ, Collins PF. The pressures of obesity: The relationship between obesity, malnutrition and pressure injuries in hospital inpatients. Clinical Nutrition 2018;37(5):1569-74.
  • 40. Compher C, Kinosian BP, Ratcliffe SJ, Baumgarten M. Obesity reduces the risk of pressure ulcers in elderly hospitalized patients. The Journals of Gerontology Series A 2007;62(11):1310-2.
  • 41. Teno JM, Gozalo P, Mitchell SL, Kuo S, Fulton AT, Mor V. Feeding tubes and the prevention or healing of pressure ulcers. Archives of Internal Medicine 2012;172(9):697-701.
  • 42. Doley J. Nutrition management of pressure ulcers. Nutrition in Clinical Practice 2010;25(1):50-60.
  • 43. Ireton-Jones C, Liepa GU. Carbohydrates and Wound Healing. In: Molnar J (ed), Nutrition and Wound Healing. New York: CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group; 2007. p15-24.
  • 44. Bauer J, Biolo G, Cederholm T, Cesari M, Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Morley JE, et al. Evidence-based recommendations for optimal dietary protein intake in older people: a position paper from the PROT-AGE Study Group. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association 2013;14(8):542-59.
  • 45. Iizaka S, Matsuo J, Konya C, Sekine R, Sugama J, Sanada H. Estimation of protein requirements according to nitrogen balance for older hospitalized adults with pressure ulcers according to wound severity in Japan. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2012;60(11):2027-34.
  • 46. Gomes F, Schuetz P, Bounoure L, Austin P, Ballesteros-Pomar M, Cederholm T, et al. ESPEN guidelines on nutritional support for polymorbid internal medicine patients. Clinical Nutrition 2018;37(1):336-53.
  • 47. Neyens JCL, Cereda E, Meijer EP, Lindholm C, Schols JMGA. Arginine-enriched oral nutritional supplementation in the treatment of pressure ulcers: a literature review. Wound Medicine 2017;16:46-51.
  • 48. Bobbi L-H, Kelli AH-G, Joyce KS, Julia AN-T, Brandon L, Laura M. Arginine supplementation is well tolerated but does not enhance mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation in elderly nursing home residents with pressure ulcers. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition 2000;24(5):280-7.
  • 49. Schols JM, Heyman H, Meijer EP. Nutritional support in the treatment and prevention of pressure ulcers: an overview of studies with an arginine enriched oral nutritional supplement. Journal of Tissue Viability 2009;18(3):72-9.
  • 50. Brewer S, Desneves K, Pearce L, Mills K, Dunn L, Brown D, et al. Effect of an arginine-containing nutritional supplement on pressure ulcer healing in community spinal patients. Journal of Wound Care 2010;19(7):311-6.
  • 51. Leigh B, Desneves K, Rafferty J, Pearce L, King S, Woodward MC, et al. The effect of different doses of an arginine-containing supplement on the healing of pressure ulcers. Journal of Wound Care 2012;21(3):150-6.
  • 52. Sakae K, Agata T, Kamide R, Yanagisawa H. Effects of L-carnosine and its zinc complex (Polaprezinc) on pressure ulcer healing. Nutrition in Clinical Practice 2013;28(5):609-16.
  • 53. Yamanaka H, Okada S, Sanada H. A multicenter, randomized, controlled study of the use of nutritional supplements containing collagen peptides to facilitate the healing of pressure ulcers. Journal of Nutrition & Intermediary Metabolism 2017;8:51-9.
  • 54. Lee SK, Posthauer ME, Dorner B, Redovian V, Maloney MJ. Pressure ulcer healing with a concentrated, fortified, collagen protein hydrolysate supplement: a randomized controlled trial. Adv Skin Wound Care 2006;19(2):92-6.
  • 55. Turek JJ. Fat and Wound Healing. In: Molnar J (ed), Nutrition and Wound Healing. New York: CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group; 2007. p 27-39.
  • 56. Singer P, Theilla M, Fisher H, Gibstein L, Grozovski E, Cohen J. Benefit of an enteral diet enriched with eicosapentaenoic acid and gamma-linolenic acid in ventilated patients with acute lung injury. Critical Care Medicine 2006;34(4):1033-8.
  • 57. Lupiañez-Perez I, Uttumchandani SK, Morilla-Herrera JC, Martin-Santos FJ, Fernandez-Gallego MC, Navarro-Moya FJ, et al. Topical olive oil is not inferior to hyperoxygenated fatty aids to prevent pressure ulcers in high-risk immobilised patients in home care. Results of a multicentre randomised triple-blind controlled non-inferiority trial. PLoS ONE 2015;10(4):e0122238.
  • 58. Lupianez-Perez I, Morilla-Herrera JC, Ginel-Mendoza L, Martin-Santos FJ, Navarro-Moya FJ, Sepulveda-Guerra RP, et al. Effectiveness of olive oil for the prevention of pressure ulcers caused in immobilized patients within the scope of primary health care: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2013;14:348.
  • 59. Candela-Zamora MD, Martin-Gomez MA, Solas-Gomez B, Fernandez-Perez C, Martin-Gonzalez M, Manzanedo-Basilio L, et al. Comparative study of the effectiveness two of hyperoxygenated fatty acids in the treatment of grade I ulcers in geriatric hospitalized patients. Enfermeria Clinica 2010;20(1):10-6.
  • 60. Segovia GT, Bermejo MM, Molina SR, Rueda LJ. Skin care and pressure ulcer. Hyperoxygenated fatty acids in the prevention of pressure ulcers and treatment of stage I lesions. Revista de Enfermeria 2001;24(9):18-22.
  • 61. Biesalski H. Micronutrients, wound healing, and prevention of pressure ulcers. Nutrition 2010;26(9):858.
  • 62. Thomas DR. The Role of Nutrition in the Management and Prevention of Pressure Ulcers. In: Thomas DR, Compton GA (eds), Pressure Ulcers in the Aging Population. New York: Springer; 2014. p 127-38.
  • 63. Sernekos LA. Nutritional treatment of pressure ulcers: what is the evidence? Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners 2013;25(6):281-8.
  • 64. Smith MB, Totten A, Hickam DH, Fu R, Wasson N, Rahman B, et al. Pressure ulcer treatment strategies: a systematic comparative effectiveness review. Annals of internal medicine 2013;159(1):39-50.
  • 65. Gottschlich MM. Fat-Soluble Vitamins and Wound Healing. In: Molnar J (ed), Nutrition and Wound Healing. New York: CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group; 2007. p 150-62.
  • 66. Ali MZASH. Study of vitamin d level in relation to pressure ulcer in elderly. International Journal Of Recent Scientific Research 2016;7(2):8970-3.
  • 67. Sakae K, Yanagisawa H. Continuous follow-up with polaprezinc (zinc-L-carnosine complex) after oral treatment with L-carnosine for pressure ulcers. Biomedical Research on Trace Elements 2016;26(4):174-80.
  • 68. Borkow G, Gabbay J, Zatcoff RC. Could chronic wounds not heal due to too low local copper levels?. Medical Hypotheses 2008;70(3):610-3.
  • 69. Bonne C. Potential efficiency of antioxidants to prevent pressure ulcers. a neglected hypothesis. Medical Hypotheses 2016;91:28-31.
  • 70. Yin G, Wang Z, Wang Z, Wang X. Topical application of quercetin improves wound healing in pressure ulcer lesions. Experimental Dermatology 2018;27(7):779-86.
  • 71. Van Anholt R, Sobotka L, Meijer E, Heyman H, Groen H, Topinková E, et al. Specific nutritional support accelerates pressure ulcer healing and reduces wound care intensity in non-malnourished patients. Nutrition 2010;26(9):867-72.
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  • 73. Desneves KJ, Todorovic BE, Cassar A, Crowe TC. Treatment with supplementary arginine, vitamin C and zinc in patients with pressure ulcers: a randomised controlled trial. Clinical Nutrition 2005;24(6):979-87.
  • 74. Cereda E, Klersy C, Serioli M, Crespi A, D'Andrea F. A nutritional formula enriched with arginine, zinc, and antioxidants for the healing of pressure ulcers a randomized trial a nutritional formula for the healing of PUs. Annals of Internal Medicine 2015;162(3):167-74.
  • 75. Houwing RH, Rozendaal M, Wouters-Wesseling W, Beulens JWJ, Buskens E, Haalboom JR. A randomised, double-blind assessment of the effect of nutritional supplementation on the prevention of pressure ulcers in hip-fracture patients. Clinical Nutrition 2003;22(4):401-05.
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Pressure Ulcers and Nutritional Treatment in Older Adults

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 3, 387 - 397, 16.09.2019

Öz

Pressure ulcer is a skin or/and tissue injury
usually over a bone prominence as a result of pressure or shear. Older adults
are the most risky group for pressure ulcer development. Pressure ulcers are
associated with undesired weight loss, inadequate nutrient intake and low body
mass index (<18.5kg/m2). It is important to take daily at least
30-35 kkal/kg energy, 1.2-1.5g/kg protein and 1mL/kkal fluid to minimize the
risk of pressure ulcers in older adults. Specific amino acid supplements such
as arginine and glutamin are thought to accelerate healing of pressure ulcer. Vitamins
and mineral supplements should only be offered to the older people who have
poor dietary intake or have a nutrient deficiency for prevention and treatment
of pressure ulsers. If the nutrient requirements of the individual having
unhealed wound are not met orally, enteral or parenteral nutrition should be
considered. However, when feeding with tube, risks and targets to be reached in
the individual should be good evaluated.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Berlowitz D. Incidence and Prevalence of Pressure Ulcers. In: Thomas DR, Compton GA (eds), Pressure Ulcers in the Aging Population. New York: Springer; 2014. p 19-25.
  • 2. Ünver S, Yildirim M, Akyolcu N, Kanan N. Basınç yaralarına ilişkin kavram analizi. FN Hem Derg 2014;22(3):168-71.
  • 3. Campbell C, Parish LC. The decubitus ulcer: facts and controversies. Clinics in Dermatology 2010;28(5):527-32.
  • 4. Bansal C, Scott R, Stewart D, Cockerell CJ. Decubitus ulcers: a review of the literature. International Journal of Dermatology 2005;44(10):805-10.
  • 5. Kottner J, Raeder K. Assessment and Documentation of Pressure Ulcers. In: Thomas DR, Compton GA (eds), Pressure Ulcers in the Aging Population. New York: Springer; 2014. p 47-61.
  • 6. Parish LC, Lowthian P, Witkowski JA. The decubitus ulcer: many questions but few definitive answers. Clinics in Dermatology 2007;25(1):101-08.
  • 7. Jackson D, Sarki AM, Betteridge R, Brooke J. Medical device-related pressure ulcers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Nursing Studies 2019;92:109-20.
  • 8. Haesler E, Rayner R, Carville K. The pan pacific clinical practice guideline for the prevention and management of pressure injury. Wound Practice & Research 2012;20(1):1-5.
  • 9. House KW, Johnson TM. Prevention of Pressure Ulcers. In: Thomas DR, Compton GA (eds), Pressure Ulcers in the Aging Population. New York: Springer; 2014: p 27-43.
  • 10. Lowthian PT. Trauma and thrombosis in the pathogenesis of pressure ulcers. Clinics in Dermatology 2005;23(1):116-23.
  • 11. Jafferany M, Huynh TV, Silverman MA, Zaidi Z. Geriatric dermatoses: a clinical review of skin diseases in an aging population. Int J Dermatol 2012;51(5):509-22.
  • 12. Gardiner JC, Reed PL, Bonner JD, Haggerty DK, Hale DG. Incidence of hospital-acquired pressure ulcers - a population-based cohort study. International Wound Journal 2016;13(5):809-20.
  • 13. Rasero L, Simonetti M, Falciani F, Fabbri C, Collini F, Dal Molin A. Pressure ulcers in older adults: a prevalence study. Advances in Skin & Wound Care 2015;28(10):461-64.
  • 14. Theisen S, Drabik A, Stock S. Pressure ulcers in older hospitalised patients and its impact on length of stay: a retrospective observational study. Journal of Clinical Nursing 2012;21(3-4):380-7.
  • 15. Langemo DK, Black J. Pressure ulcers in individuals receiving palliative care: a national pressure ulcer advisory panel white paper. Advances in Skin & Wound Care 2010;23(2):59-72.
  • 16. Kennerly S, Batchelor-Murphy M, Yap TL. Clinical insights: understanding the link between nutrition and pressure ulcer prevention. Geriatric Nursing 2015;36(6):477-81.
  • 17. Harris CL, Fraser C. Malnutrition in the institutionalized elderly: the effects on wound healing. Ostomy/wound Management 2004;50(10):54-63.
  • 18. Jaul E, Calderon-Margalit R. Systemic factors and mortality in elderly patients with pressure ulcers. International Wound Journal 2015;12(3):254-9.
  • 19. Theilla M, Schwartz B, Cohen J, Shapiro H, Anbar R, Singer P. Impact of a nutritional formula enriched in fish oil and micronutrients on pressure ulcers in critical care patients.American Journal of Critical Care 2012;21(4):e102-09.
  • 20. Little MO. Nutrition and skin ulcers. Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care 2013;16(1):39-49.
  • 21. Stechmiller JK.Understanding the role of nutrition and wound healing.Nutrition in Clinical Practice 2010;25(1):61-8.
  • 22. Saghaleini SH, Dehghan K, Shadvar K, Sanaie S, Mahmoodpoor A, Ostadi Z. Pressure ulcer and nutrition. Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2018;22(4):283-89.
  • 23. Salva A, Coll-Planas L, Bruce S, De Groot L, Andrieu S, Abellan G, et al. Nutritional assessment of residents in long-term care facilities (LTCFs): recommendations of the task force on nutrition and ageing of the IAGG European region and the IANA. The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging 2009;13(6):475-83.
  • 24. Abdulwadood MZ, Ali SH. Simple nutritional and inflammatory markers associated with bed sores in elderly stroke people. Advances in Aging Research 2016;5(02):58-69.
  • 25. Sugino H, Hashimoto I, Tanaka Y, Ishida S, Abe Y, Nakanishi H. Relation between the serum albumin level and nutrition supply in patients with pressure ulcers: retrospective study in an acute care setting. The Journal of Medical Investigation 2014;61(1-2):15-21.
  • 26. Posthauer ME, Banks M, Dorner B, Schols JM. The role of nutrition for pressure ulcer management: national pressure ulcer advisory panel, European pressure ulcer advisory panel, and pan pacific pressure injury alliance white paper. Adv Skin Wound Care 2015;28(4):175-88; 175-88.
  • 27. Cereda E, Klersy C, Rondanelli M, Caccialanza R. Energy balance in patients with pressure ulcers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.Journal of the American Dietetic Association 2011;111(12):1868-76.
  • 28. Iizaka S, Okuwa M, Sugama J, Sanada H. The impact of malnutrition and nutrition-related factors on the development and severity of pressure ulcers in older patients receiving home care. Clinical Nutrition 2010;29(1):47-53.
  • 29. Brito PA, de Vasconcelos Generoso S, Correia MITD. Prevalence of pressure ulcers in hospitals in Brazil and association with nutritional status—a multicenter, cross-sectional study. Nutrition 2013;29(4):646-9.
  • 30. Yatabe MS, Taguchi F, Ishida I, Sato A, Kameda T, Ueno S, et al. Mini nutritional assessment as a useful method of predicting the development of pressure ulcers in elderly inpatients. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2013;61(10):1698-704.
  • 31. Tsaousi G, Stavrou G, Ioannidis A, Salonikidis S, Kotzampassi K. Pressure ulcers and malnutrition: results from a snapshot sampling in a university hospital. Med Princ Pract 2015;24(1):11-6.
  • 32. Alhaug J, Gay CL, Henriksen C, Lerdal A. Pressure ulcer is associated with malnutrition as assessed by Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS 2002) in a mixed hospital population. Food & Nutrition Research 2017;61(1):1324230.
  • 33. Gumieiro DN, Rafacho BP, Gradella LM, Azevedo PS, Gaspardo D, Zornoff LA, et al. Handgrip strength predicts pressure ulcers in patients with hip fractures. Nutrition 2012;28(9):874-8.
  • 34. Donato-Trancoso A, Monte-Alto-Costa A, Romana-Souza B.Olive oil-induced reduction of oxidative damage and inflammation promotes wound healing of pressure ulcers in mice.Journal of Dermatological Science2016;83(1):60-9.
  • 35. Shahin ES, Meijers JM, Schols JM, Tannen A, Halfens RJ, Dassen T. The relationship between malnutrition parameters and pressure ulcers in hospitals and nursing homes. Nutrition 2010;26(9):886-9.
  • 36. Theilla M, Singer P, Cohen J, DeKeyser F. A diet enriched in eicosapentanoic acid, gamma-linolenic acid and antioxidants in the prevention of new pressure ulcer formation in critically ill patients with acute lung injury: a randomized, prospective, controlled study. Clinical Nutrition 2007;26(6):752-7.
  • 37. Cai S, Rahman M, Intrator O. Obesity and pressure ulcers among nursing home residents. Medical Care 2013;51(6):478-86.
  • 38. VanGilder C, MacFarlane G, Meyer S, Lachenbruch C. Body mass index, weight, and pressure ulcer prevalence: an analysis of the 2006-2007 International Pressure Ulcer Prevalence Surveys. Journal of Nursing Care Quality 2009;24(2):127-35.
  • 39. Ness SJ, Hickling DF, Bell JJ, Collins PF. The pressures of obesity: The relationship between obesity, malnutrition and pressure injuries in hospital inpatients. Clinical Nutrition 2018;37(5):1569-74.
  • 40. Compher C, Kinosian BP, Ratcliffe SJ, Baumgarten M. Obesity reduces the risk of pressure ulcers in elderly hospitalized patients. The Journals of Gerontology Series A 2007;62(11):1310-2.
  • 41. Teno JM, Gozalo P, Mitchell SL, Kuo S, Fulton AT, Mor V. Feeding tubes and the prevention or healing of pressure ulcers. Archives of Internal Medicine 2012;172(9):697-701.
  • 42. Doley J. Nutrition management of pressure ulcers. Nutrition in Clinical Practice 2010;25(1):50-60.
  • 43. Ireton-Jones C, Liepa GU. Carbohydrates and Wound Healing. In: Molnar J (ed), Nutrition and Wound Healing. New York: CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group; 2007. p15-24.
  • 44. Bauer J, Biolo G, Cederholm T, Cesari M, Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Morley JE, et al. Evidence-based recommendations for optimal dietary protein intake in older people: a position paper from the PROT-AGE Study Group. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association 2013;14(8):542-59.
  • 45. Iizaka S, Matsuo J, Konya C, Sekine R, Sugama J, Sanada H. Estimation of protein requirements according to nitrogen balance for older hospitalized adults with pressure ulcers according to wound severity in Japan. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2012;60(11):2027-34.
  • 46. Gomes F, Schuetz P, Bounoure L, Austin P, Ballesteros-Pomar M, Cederholm T, et al. ESPEN guidelines on nutritional support for polymorbid internal medicine patients. Clinical Nutrition 2018;37(1):336-53.
  • 47. Neyens JCL, Cereda E, Meijer EP, Lindholm C, Schols JMGA. Arginine-enriched oral nutritional supplementation in the treatment of pressure ulcers: a literature review. Wound Medicine 2017;16:46-51.
  • 48. Bobbi L-H, Kelli AH-G, Joyce KS, Julia AN-T, Brandon L, Laura M. Arginine supplementation is well tolerated but does not enhance mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation in elderly nursing home residents with pressure ulcers. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition 2000;24(5):280-7.
  • 49. Schols JM, Heyman H, Meijer EP. Nutritional support in the treatment and prevention of pressure ulcers: an overview of studies with an arginine enriched oral nutritional supplement. Journal of Tissue Viability 2009;18(3):72-9.
  • 50. Brewer S, Desneves K, Pearce L, Mills K, Dunn L, Brown D, et al. Effect of an arginine-containing nutritional supplement on pressure ulcer healing in community spinal patients. Journal of Wound Care 2010;19(7):311-6.
  • 51. Leigh B, Desneves K, Rafferty J, Pearce L, King S, Woodward MC, et al. The effect of different doses of an arginine-containing supplement on the healing of pressure ulcers. Journal of Wound Care 2012;21(3):150-6.
  • 52. Sakae K, Agata T, Kamide R, Yanagisawa H. Effects of L-carnosine and its zinc complex (Polaprezinc) on pressure ulcer healing. Nutrition in Clinical Practice 2013;28(5):609-16.
  • 53. Yamanaka H, Okada S, Sanada H. A multicenter, randomized, controlled study of the use of nutritional supplements containing collagen peptides to facilitate the healing of pressure ulcers. Journal of Nutrition & Intermediary Metabolism 2017;8:51-9.
  • 54. Lee SK, Posthauer ME, Dorner B, Redovian V, Maloney MJ. Pressure ulcer healing with a concentrated, fortified, collagen protein hydrolysate supplement: a randomized controlled trial. Adv Skin Wound Care 2006;19(2):92-6.
  • 55. Turek JJ. Fat and Wound Healing. In: Molnar J (ed), Nutrition and Wound Healing. New York: CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group; 2007. p 27-39.
  • 56. Singer P, Theilla M, Fisher H, Gibstein L, Grozovski E, Cohen J. Benefit of an enteral diet enriched with eicosapentaenoic acid and gamma-linolenic acid in ventilated patients with acute lung injury. Critical Care Medicine 2006;34(4):1033-8.
  • 57. Lupiañez-Perez I, Uttumchandani SK, Morilla-Herrera JC, Martin-Santos FJ, Fernandez-Gallego MC, Navarro-Moya FJ, et al. Topical olive oil is not inferior to hyperoxygenated fatty aids to prevent pressure ulcers in high-risk immobilised patients in home care. Results of a multicentre randomised triple-blind controlled non-inferiority trial. PLoS ONE 2015;10(4):e0122238.
  • 58. Lupianez-Perez I, Morilla-Herrera JC, Ginel-Mendoza L, Martin-Santos FJ, Navarro-Moya FJ, Sepulveda-Guerra RP, et al. Effectiveness of olive oil for the prevention of pressure ulcers caused in immobilized patients within the scope of primary health care: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2013;14:348.
  • 59. Candela-Zamora MD, Martin-Gomez MA, Solas-Gomez B, Fernandez-Perez C, Martin-Gonzalez M, Manzanedo-Basilio L, et al. Comparative study of the effectiveness two of hyperoxygenated fatty acids in the treatment of grade I ulcers in geriatric hospitalized patients. Enfermeria Clinica 2010;20(1):10-6.
  • 60. Segovia GT, Bermejo MM, Molina SR, Rueda LJ. Skin care and pressure ulcer. Hyperoxygenated fatty acids in the prevention of pressure ulcers and treatment of stage I lesions. Revista de Enfermeria 2001;24(9):18-22.
  • 61. Biesalski H. Micronutrients, wound healing, and prevention of pressure ulcers. Nutrition 2010;26(9):858.
  • 62. Thomas DR. The Role of Nutrition in the Management and Prevention of Pressure Ulcers. In: Thomas DR, Compton GA (eds), Pressure Ulcers in the Aging Population. New York: Springer; 2014. p 127-38.
  • 63. Sernekos LA. Nutritional treatment of pressure ulcers: what is the evidence? Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners 2013;25(6):281-8.
  • 64. Smith MB, Totten A, Hickam DH, Fu R, Wasson N, Rahman B, et al. Pressure ulcer treatment strategies: a systematic comparative effectiveness review. Annals of internal medicine 2013;159(1):39-50.
  • 65. Gottschlich MM. Fat-Soluble Vitamins and Wound Healing. In: Molnar J (ed), Nutrition and Wound Healing. New York: CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group; 2007. p 150-62.
  • 66. Ali MZASH. Study of vitamin d level in relation to pressure ulcer in elderly. International Journal Of Recent Scientific Research 2016;7(2):8970-3.
  • 67. Sakae K, Yanagisawa H. Continuous follow-up with polaprezinc (zinc-L-carnosine complex) after oral treatment with L-carnosine for pressure ulcers. Biomedical Research on Trace Elements 2016;26(4):174-80.
  • 68. Borkow G, Gabbay J, Zatcoff RC. Could chronic wounds not heal due to too low local copper levels?. Medical Hypotheses 2008;70(3):610-3.
  • 69. Bonne C. Potential efficiency of antioxidants to prevent pressure ulcers. a neglected hypothesis. Medical Hypotheses 2016;91:28-31.
  • 70. Yin G, Wang Z, Wang Z, Wang X. Topical application of quercetin improves wound healing in pressure ulcer lesions. Experimental Dermatology 2018;27(7):779-86.
  • 71. Van Anholt R, Sobotka L, Meijer E, Heyman H, Groen H, Topinková E, et al. Specific nutritional support accelerates pressure ulcer healing and reduces wound care intensity in non-malnourished patients. Nutrition 2010;26(9):867-72.
  • 72. Stratton RJ, Ek A-C, Engfer M, Moore Z, Rigby P, Wolfe R, et al. Enteral nutritional support in prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers:a systematic review and meta-analysis.Ageing Research Reviews 2005;4(3):422-50.
  • 73. Desneves KJ, Todorovic BE, Cassar A, Crowe TC. Treatment with supplementary arginine, vitamin C and zinc in patients with pressure ulcers: a randomised controlled trial. Clinical Nutrition 2005;24(6):979-87.
  • 74. Cereda E, Klersy C, Serioli M, Crespi A, D'Andrea F. A nutritional formula enriched with arginine, zinc, and antioxidants for the healing of pressure ulcers a randomized trial a nutritional formula for the healing of PUs. Annals of Internal Medicine 2015;162(3):167-74.
  • 75. Houwing RH, Rozendaal M, Wouters-Wesseling W, Beulens JWJ, Buskens E, Haalboom JR. A randomised, double-blind assessment of the effect of nutritional supplementation on the prevention of pressure ulcers in hip-fracture patients. Clinical Nutrition 2003;22(4):401-05.
  • 76. Langer G, Fink A. Nutritional interventions for preventing and treating pressure ulcers. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2014(6):Cd003216.
  • 77. Thomas DR. Role of nutrition in the treatment and prevention of pressure ulcers. Nutrition in Clinical Practice 2014;29(4):466-72.
Toplam 77 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Rümeysa Yeniçağ 0000-0001-9591-8831

Neslişah Rakıcıoğlu 0000-0001-8763-7407

Yayımlanma Tarihi 16 Eylül 2019
Gönderilme Tarihi 19 Mart 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

AMA Yeniçağ R, Rakıcıoğlu N. Yaşlılarda Bası Yaraları ve Beslenme Tedavisi. Sakarya Tıp Dergisi. Eylül 2019;9(3):387-397.

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