Kremlin Perspektifinden Uluslararası Hukuk: Ukrayna’da Savaş ve Uluslararası Ceza Mahkemesi’nin Putin’i Tutuklama Kararı

Öz

Bu çalışma, Uluslararası Ceza Mahkemesi (UCM)’nin 17 Mart 2023 tarihinde Rusya Devlet Başkanı Vladimir Putin hakkında çıkardığı tutuklama kararını Rusya’nın uluslararası hukuk söylemi ile birlikte değerlendirmektedir. Söz konusu karar ve sonrasındaki tartışmalar, Moskova ile Batı arasındaki normatif ayrılıkların yeni bir örneğini oluşturmuştur. Rusya Ukrayna’ya karşı yürüttüğü siyaseti ve savaşı, tarihî ve kültürel sebeplerle meşru görmektedir. Bu yüzden Kremlin, UCM kararını Rusya’ya karşı yapılmış siyasi bir hamle olarak yorumlamış, Ukrayna ve Ukrayna’yı destekleyen Batılı güçleri saldırganlıkla ve uluslararası hukuku ihlal etmekle eleştirmiştir. Bu bakış açısına göre Rusya, uluslararası hukuku inşa eden ve onu koruyan sorumlu büyük bir devlet olarak kendi medeniyet sahası olarak gördüğü Rus Dünyası’nda uluslararası normları yorumlama hakkına sahiptir. Ayrıca Rusya, Ukrayna politikasını anti-emperyalist/anti-kolonyal bir anlatı içerisine yerleştirmektedir. Uluslararası hukukun oluşumu ile Batı emperyalizmi arasındaki tarihî ilişki, Moskova’nın uluslararası hukuk okuması için Küresel Güney’de uygun bir zemin ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Bu çalışma dört bölümden oluşmaktadır. İlk iki bölüm UCM’nin yargı yetkisi iddiasının gerekçelerini ve Putin’i tutuklama kararının uluslararası siyasetteki yansımalarını ele alacaktır. Sonraki iki bölüm Kremlin anlatısına odaklanacak, Kremlin’in UCM ve uluslararası hukuk değerlendirmelerini tartışacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Uluslararası Hukuk Söylemi
• Uluslararası Ceza Mahkemesi
• Rusya
• Ukrayna
• Savaş Suçu

The Kremlin’s International Law Perspective: War in Ukraine and the International Criminal Court’s Arrest Warrant for Putin

Öz

The article examines the arrest warrant issued by the International Criminal Court (ICC) against Russian President Vladimir Putin on March 17, 2023, and the Kremlin’s international legal discourse. The decision and ensuing debates constitute a new example of the normative differences between Moscow and the West. Russia explains its policy and war against Ukraine on the basis of historical and cultural justifications. The Kremlin therefore interprets the ICC decision as a political move against Russia, and criticizes Ukraine and the Western Powers for acting aggressively and violating international law. Moscow rejects the liberal view of international legal norms as Western hegemony in the world. As a responsible great power that builds and protects international law Russia considers that it has the right to interpret the international norms in the Russian World. Russia also positions its Ukraine policy into an anti-imperialist/anti-colonial narrative. The historical link between the emergence of international law and Western imperialism fuels the Russian narrative in the Global South. This study consists of four parts. The first two sections discuss the reasons for the ICC’s claim of jurisdiction and the practical outcome of its decision to arrest Putin. The next two sections focus on the Kremlin narrative and discuss its assessments of the ICC and international law.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• International Legal Discourse
• International Criminal Court
• Russia
• Ukraine
• War Crime

Kaynakça

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