Effects of Norms, Place Attachment, Environmental Concerns and Altruism on Environment Friendly Behavior and Purchasing: The Case of Cappadocia/Goreme National Park
Yıl 2019,
Cilt: 16 Sayı: 3, 398 - 417, 15.12.2019
Doç. Dr. Lütfi Atay
,
Yasin Soylu
Sinan Gökdemir
Öz
Recreational activities in natural destinations can affect environmental and environmental efforts. Especially the visits of individuals to areas with different values and resources may affect the individual's view of herself and her view of the world.This can be seen in the behavior of individuals. The population of the study is the recreators who came to Göreme National Park and participated in the hot air balloon event. The study was applied to the recreationists (n:386) who visits Cappadocia / Göreme National Park and experiences a hotair balloon riding. In this study, the relationship between recreation concerns, environmental sacrifices, subjective - individual norms, perception of place attitude and environment-friendly behaviors, environmental purchasing behaviors were examined. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM) was used to test the research hypotheses.The findings showed that the subjective norms and environmental sacrifices of recreators significantly affect environmentally friendly behavior. In addition, a significant portion of the recreational purchasing behavior of recreators can explain environmentally friendly behaviors in their daily lives.
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Çevre Endişesi, Çevresel Fedakârlık, Normlar ve Yer Tutumunun Çevre Dostu Davranışa Etkisi: Kapadokya/Göreme Milli Parkı Örneği
Yıl 2019,
Cilt: 16 Sayı: 3, 398 - 417, 15.12.2019
Doç. Dr. Lütfi Atay
,
Yasin Soylu
Sinan Gökdemir
Öz
Doğal destinasyonlarda yapılan rekreatif faaliyetler çevresel sorunları ve çevre sorunlarını azaltma çabalarını etkileyebilmektedir. Özellikle bireylerin farklı değerlere ve kaynaklara sahip alanlara ziyaretleri, kişinin hem kendisi hakkındaki görüşlerini hem de dünyaya bakış açısını etkilemektedir. Bu durum bireylerin davranışlarında da görülebilmektedir. Çalışmanın evrenini, Göreme Milli Parkına gelen ve sıcak hava balon etkinliğine katılan rekreasyoncular oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın örneklemini Kapadokya/ Göreme Milli Park’ına gelen ve sıcak hava balonuna binen rekreasyoncular (n=386) oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada rekreasyoncuların çevre endişeleri, çevresel fedakârlıkları, sübjektif ve kişisel normları ve yer tutumu algıları ile çevre dostu davranışları ve çevreci satın alma davranışları arasındaki ilişkiler incelenmiştir. Araştırma hipotezlerini test etmek için Kısmi En Küçük Kareler Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli (PLS-SEM) kullanılmıştır. Bulgular, rekreasyoncuların sübjektif normları ve çevresel fedakârlıklarının çevre dostu davranışı önemli ölçüde etkilediğini göstermiştir. Ayrıca, rekreasyoncuların çevreci satın alma davranışlarının önemli bir bölümünü, günlük yaşamlarındaki çevre dostu davranışları açıklayabilmektedir.
Kaynakça
- Ajzen, I. (1991), ‘The Theory Planned Behavior’, Organizational Behavior And Human Decision Processes 50, ss.179-211.
- Ali, F.; Amin, M. ve Cobanoglu, C. (2015), ‘An Integrated Model of Service Experience, Emotions, Satisfaction, and Price Acceptance: An Empirical Analysis in the Chinese Hospitality Industry’, Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 00, ss:1–27.
- Ali, F.; Ryu, K. ve Hussain, K. (2016), ‘Creative tourists’ experience, memories, satisfaction and behavioural intentions’, Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 33(1), ss.85–100.
- Arni, A.G. ve Khairil, W.A. (2013), ‘Promoting Collaboration Between Local Community and Park Management Towards Sustainable Outdoor Recreation’, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 91, ss.57 – 65.
- Atay, L. ve Dilek, S. E. (2013), ‘Konaklama İşletmelerinde Yeşil Pazarlama Uygulamaları: İbis Otel Örneği’, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, C.18, S.1, ss. 203-219.
- Bagozzi, R. P. ve Yi, Y. (1988), ‘On the Evaluation of Structural Equation Models’, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 16(1), 74–94.
- Ballantyne, R.; Packer, J. ve Hughes, K. (2008), ‘Environmental Awareness, Interests and Motives of Botanic Gardens Visitors: Implications for Interpretive Practice’, Tourism Management, no: 29, ss. 439–444.
- Bell, S.; Tyrvainen, L.; Seivanen, T.; Probstl, U. ve Simpson, M. (2007), ‘Outdoor Recreation and Nature Tourism: A European Perspective’, Living Reviews in Landscape Research, 1, 2.
- Bricker, K. S. ve Kerstetter, D. L. (2000), ‘Level of Specialization and Place Attachment: An Exploratory Study of Whitewater Recreationists’, Leisure Sciences, 22(4), pp:233-257.
- Brownlee, M. (2012), ‘Nature-Based Recreationists' Perceptions of Climate Change and Attitudes Towards Climate Change Mitigation in Natural Environments’, Doctoral Dissertation, In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy Parks, Recreation and Tourism Management Clemson University.
- Brownlee, M. T. J.; Hallo, J. C.; Moore, D. D.; Powel, R. B. ve Wright, B. A. (2014), ‘Attitudes toward Water Conservation: The Influence of Site-Specific Factors and Beliefs in Climate Change’, Society and Natural Resources, 27, ss. 964–982, Taylor & Francis Group.
- Brownlee, M. T. J.; Hallo, J. C.; Jodice, L. W.; Moore, D. D.; Powel, R. B. ve Wright B. A. (2015), ‘Place Attachment and Marine Recreationist’s Attitudes toward Offshore Wind Energy Development’, Journal of Leisure Research, Vol:47, no:2, ss. 263-284.
- Budruk, M.; Thomas, H. ve Tyrrel, T. (2009), ‘Urban Green Spaces: A Study of Place Attachment and Environmental Attitudes in India’, Society and Natural Resources, 22, ss. 824–839.
- Buhalis, D. ve Amaranggana, A. (2014), ‘Smart Tourism Destinations’, Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism, ss.553-564
- Carranza, R.; Diaz, E. ve Martin, D. (2018), ‘The Influence of Quality on Satisfaction and Customer Loyalty with an Importance-Performance Map Analysis: Exploring the Mediating Role of Trust’, Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology, Vol. 9 Issue: 3, ss.380-396.
- Chan R. Y. K. ve Lau L. B. Y. (2002), ‘Explaining Green Purchasing Behavior’, Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 14:2-3, ss. 9-40.
- Chen, T. B. ve Chai, L. T. (2010), ‘Attitude towards the Environment and Green Products: Consumers’s Perspective’, Management Science and Engineering, Vol. 4, No. 2, ss. 27-39.
- Chin, Wynne W.; Peterson, R. A. ve Brown, S. P. (2008), ‘Structural Equation Modeling in Marketing: Some Practical Reminders’, The Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, vol. 16, no. 4, ss. 287-298.
- Chiu, H.Y.T.; Lee, W.I. ve Chen, T.H. (2014), ‘Environmentally Responsible Behaviour in Ecotourism: Antecedents and Implications’, Tourism Management, 40, ss. 321-329.
- Conner, M. ve Armitage, C. J. (1998), ‘Extending the Theory of Planned Behavior: A Review and Avenues for Further Research’, Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 28, 15,ss. 1429-1464.
- Crouch, G. I.; Devinney, T. M.; Dolnicar, S.; Huybers, T.; Louviere, J. ve Oppewal, H. (2005), ‘New Horses for Old Courses: Questioning the Limitations of Sustainable Tourism to Supply-Driven Measures and the Nature-Based Contex’, Paper presented at the ANZMAC, Fremantle, WA.
- Davis, J. L.; Le, B. ve Coy, A. E. (2011), ‘Building a Model of Commitment to the Natural Environment to Predict Ecological Behavior and Willingness to Sacrifice’, Journal of Environmental Psychology, 31, ss. 257-265.
- Diamantopoulos, A. ve Siguaw, J.A., (2006), ‘Formative Versus Reflective Indicators in Organizational Measure Development: A Comparison and Empirical Illustration’, Br. J. Econ. Manag., 17, ss. 263–282.
- Dolnicar, S. (2006), ‘Nature-Conserving Tourists: The Need for a Broader Perspective’, Anatolia: An International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality, 17(2), ss. 235-255.
- Dunlap, R. E.; Liere, K. D. V.; Mertig, A. G. ve Jones, R. E. (2000), ‘Measuring Endorsement of the New Ecological Paradigm: A revised NEP scale’, Journal of Social Issues, Vol:56, No:3, ss. 425–444.
- Fahmy, R.; Bachtiar N.; Rahim, R. ve Malik M. (2015),‘Measuring Student Perceptions to Personal Characters Building in Education: An Indonesian Case in Implementing New Curriculum in High School’, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 211, ss. 851 – 858.
- Fornell, C. ve Larcker, D.F. (1981), ‘Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error’, Journal of Marketing Research, Vol. 18 No. 1, ss. 39 50.
- Hair, J. F.; Ringle, C. M. ve Sarstedt, M. (2011), ‘PLS-SEM: Indeed a Silver Bullet’, The Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, Vol. 19 No. 2, ss. 139-152.
- Hair, J. F.; Sarstedt, M.; Hopkins, L. G. ve Kuppelwieser, V. (2014), ‘Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM): An Emerging Tool in Business Research’, European Business Review, Vol. 26 No. 2, ss. 106-121.
- Halpenny, E. A. (2010), ‘Pro-Environmental Behaviours and Park Visitors: The Effect of Place Attachment’, Journal of Environmental Psychology 30, ss. 409-421.
- Hammitt, W. E.; Kyle, G. T. ve Oh, Chi-Ok (2009), ‘Comparison of Place Bonding Models in Recreation Resource Management’, Journal of Leisure Research, 41, 1, ss. 57-72.
Harland, P.; Staats, H. ve Wilke, H. A. M. (1999), ‘Explaining Pro-Environmental Intention and Behavior by the Theory of Planned Behavior and Personal Norms’, Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 29, 12, ss. 2505-2528.
- Henseler, J.; Ringle, C. M. ve Sinkovics, R. (2009), ‘The Use of Partial Least Squares Path Modeling in International Marketing’, Advances in International Marketing, Vol. 20, ss. 277-319.
- Henseler, J.; Ringle, C. M.; Sarstedt, M. (2015), ‘A New Criterion for Assessing Discriminant Validity in Variance-Based Structural Equation Modeling’, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, January, Volume 43, Issue 1, ss. 115–135
- Henseler, J.; Hubona, G. ve Ray, P.A.(2016), ‘Using PLS Path Modeling in New Technology Research: Updated Guidelines’, Ind. Manage. Data Syst., 116 (1), ss. 2–20.
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