KÜLTÜRLEŞMEDEN ÇOK KÜLTÜRLÜ KİMLİK BÜTÜNLEŞMESİNE: ÇOK KÜLTÜRLÜ KİMLİK YÖNETİMİ HAKKINDA KAVRAMSAL VE KURAMSAL BİR İNCELEME

Öz

Günümüzde göç ve küreselleşmenin boyutu ve hızı, farklı kültürler hakkındaki bilgi birikimini ve kültürler arası etkileşimi her zamankinden fazla etkilemektedir. Artan kültürlerarası temas, bireylerin kimlik anlayışını yeniden şekillendirerek, kültürel kimlik deneyimlerinin ve ifade ediliş biçimlerinin çeşitlenmesine yol açmaktadır. Kültürleşme teorisi ve sonraki araştırmalar, bireylerin sadece köken/etnik kültürü veya ulusal/ev sahibi kültürü benimsemekle kalmayıp, her iki kültüre de aynı anda değer verebileceklerini (bütünleşme) göstermektedir. Son dönemlerdeki araştırmalar ise, farklı ve bazen çatışmalı olan bu kültürlere ait kimliklerin benlik içerisinde nasıl yönetildiğine odaklanmaktadır. Bu makale, çok kültürlülük deneyimini kimlik düzeyinde tanımlamayı ve çok kültürlü kimliklerin yönetimi ile ilgili en son teorik ilerlemeleri gözden geçirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. İnceleme sonucunda, çok kültürlülük deneyimini daha iyi anlayabilmek için ne olduğundan çok nasıl başarıldığına odaklanmanın gerekliliği savunulmaktadır. Ayrıca, çok kültürlü kimliklerin başarılı yönetiminde kültürel kimliklerin uyumlu bir sentez hâline getirilmesinin ve süreç temelli yaklaşımların vurgulanmasının önemi belirtilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• kültürleşme
• çok kültürlülük
• çok kültürlü kimlik yönetimi
• çok kültürlü kimlik bütünleşmesi
• süreç

Etik Beyan

Makale araştırma ve yayın etiğine uygun olarak hazırlanmıştır. Yapılan bu çalışma etik kurul izni gerektirmemektedir.

From Acculturation to Multicultural Identity Integration: A Conceptual and Theoretical Review on the Management of Multicultural Identities

Öz

In today’s world, the scale and pace of migration and globalization are influencing knowledge of different cultures and intercultural interactions more than ever before. Increased intercultural contact is reshaping how individuals perceive their identities, leading to a diversification of cultural identity experiences and their expressions. Acculturation theory and subsequent research indicate that individuals can adopt either their heritage/ethnic culture or the national/host culture alone, as well as value both cultures simultaneously through integration. Recent research focuses on how the identities of these different and sometimes conflicting cultures are managed within the self. This article aims to define the experience of multiculturalism at the identity level and to review the latest theoretical advancements regarding the management of multicultural identities. As a result of the review, it is argued that to understand the multicultural experience better, it is necessary to focus on how it is achieved rather than what it is. Additionally, the importance of integrating cultural identities into a coherent synthesis and emphasizing process-based approaches is highlighted in the successful management of multicultural identities.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• acculturation
• multiculturalism
• multicultural identity management
• multicultural identity integration
• process

Kaynakça

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