The Impact Of Carbon Emission and Energy Consumption On Economic Growth: A Comparison of the MIST Countries

Yıl 2017, , 239 - 253, 30.04.2017

Mustafa Güllü , Harun Yakışık

https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.289930

Cited By: 9

Öz

The aim of this study is to test whether there
is any kind of causality between carbon emissions- energy consumption and
economic growth in the newly formation of countries; Mexico, Indonesia, South
Korea and Turkey (MIST). With this target in mind, per capita carbon emission,
per capita energy consumption, and per capita gross domestic product data has
been analyzed in line with Johansen Cointegration and Granger Causality Test
between the years of 1971-2010.According to the results, it has revealed that
there is a one-way causality from economic growth to carbon emissions and
energy consumption, in other words, carbon emission and energy consumption are
not causes of economic growth.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Carbon Emission, Energy Consumption, Economic Growth, Mist Countries, Causality Analysis

Karbon Emisyonu Ve Enerji Tüketiminin Büyüme Üzerindeki Etkileri: MIST Ülkeleri Karşılaştırması

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, yeni bir uluslararası
oluşum olan Meksika, Endonezya, Güney Kore ve Türkiye (MIST) ülkelerinde,
karbon emisyonu ve enerji tüketimi ile ekonomik büyüme arasında nedensellik
ilişkisini test etmektir. Bu amaçla, MIST ülkelerinin 1971-2010 dönemi için, kişi başına düşen karbondioksit emisyonu, enerji tüketimi ve Gayrisafi Yurt
İçi Hasıla yıllık verileri kullanılarak, Johansen Eşbütünleşme ve Granger
Nedensellik Testi yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre, MIST ülkelerinde
ekonomik büyümeden karbon emisyonu ve enerji tüketimine doğru tek yönlü bir
nedensellik olduğu yani karbon emisyonu ve enerji tüketiminin büyümenin nedeni
olmadığı bulgusu elde edilmiştir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Karbon Emisyonu, Ekonomik Büyüme, Enerji Tüketimi, Mıst Ülkeleri, Nedensellik Analizi

Kaynakça

• Abid, M. (2015), “The Close Relationship Between Informal Economic Growth and Carbon Emissions in Tunisia Since 1980 : The (ir)Relevance of Structural Breaks”, Sustainable Cities and Society, 15, 11–21.
• Acaravcı, A. & Öztürk, I. (2010), “On The Relationship Between Energy Consumption, CO2 Emissions and Economic Growth in Europe”, Energy, 35(12), 5412–5420.
• Alam, M. J., Begum, I. A., Buysse, J., Rahman, S. & Van Huylenbroeck, G. (2011), “Dynamic Modeling of Causal Relationship Between Energy Consumption, CO2 Emissions and Economic Growth in India”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,15(6), 3243–3251.
• Alkhathlan, K. & Javid, M. (2013), “Energy Consumption, Carbon Emissions and Economic Growth in Saudi Arabia: An aggregate and disaggregate analysis”, Energy Policy,62, 1525–1532.
• Al-Mulalı, U. & Binti Che Sab, C. N. (2012), “The Impact of Energy Consumption and CO2 Emission on The Economic Growth and Financial Development in The Sub Saharan African Countries”, Energy,39(1), 180–186.
• Alshehry, A. S. & Belloumi, M. (2015), “Energy Consumption, Carbon Dioxide Emissions and Economic Growth: The Case of Saudi Arabia”. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,41, 237–247.
• Altintaş, H. (2013). “Türkiye'de Birincil Enerji Tüketimi, Karbondioksit Emisyonu ve Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisi: Eş - Bütünleşme ve Nedensellik Analizi”. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, (8):263-294.
• Arouri, M. E. H., Ben Youssef, A., M’henni, H. & Rault, C. (2012), “Energy Consumption, Economic Growth and CO2 Emissions in Middle East and North African Countries”, Energy Policy,45, 342–349.
• Aytun, C. (2014), “Gelişen Ekonomilerde Karbondioksit Emisyonu, Ekonomik Büyüme Ve Eğitim Arasındaki İlişki: Panel Veri Analizi”, International Journal of Social Science, 27, 339-352.
• Bastola, U. & Sapkota, P. (2014), “Relationships Among Energy Consumption, Pollution Emission, and Economic Growth in Nepal”, Energy, 1–9.
• Bloch, H., Rafiq, S. & Salim, R. (2012), "Coal Consumption, CO2 Emission and Economic Growth in China: Empirical Evidence and Policy Responses", Energy Economics, 34(2), 518-528.
• Cowan, W. N., Chang, T., Inglesi-Lotz, R. & Gupta, R. (2014), “The Nexus of Electricity Consumption, Economic Growth and CO2 Emissions in The BRICS Countries”, Energy Policy,66, 359–368.
• Dursun, G. (2015), “Türkiye’de Reel Döviz Kuru Belirsizliği ve Yurtiçi Yatırımlar”, Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 10(1), 99-118.
• Fei, L., Dong, S., Xue, L., Liang, Q. & Yang, W. (2011), “Energy Consumption-Economic Growth Relationship and Carbon Dioxide Emissions in China”, Energy Policy,39(2), 568–574.
• Granger, C. W. J. (1988), “Causality, cointegration, and control”, Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control,12(2), 551-559.
• Halıcıoğlu, F. (2009), “An Econometric Study of CO2 Emissions, Energy Consumption, Income and Foreign Trade in Turkey”, Energy Policy,37(3), 1156–1164.
• Heidari, H., Katircioğlu, S. T. & Saeidpour, L. (2015), “Economic Growth, CO2 Emissions, and Energy Consumption in The Five ASEAN Countries”. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems,64, 785–791.
• Hossain, S. (2011), "Panel Estimation for CO 2 Emissions, Energy Consumption, Economic Growth, Trade Openness and Urbanization of Newly Industrialized Countries", Energy Policy, 39(11), 6991-6999.
• Jahangir Alam, M., Ara Begum, I., Buysse, J. & Van Huylenbroeck, G. (2012), “Energy Consumption, Carbon Emissions and Economic Growth Nexus in Bangladesh: Cointegration and Dynamic Causality Analysis”, Energy Policy,45, 217–225.
• Johansen, S. & Juselius, K. (1990), “Maximum Likelihood Estimation and Inference on Co-integration-with Applications to the Demand for Money”, Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 52(2), 169-210.
• Kadılar, C. (2000), Uygulamalı Çok Değişkenli Zaman Serileri Analizi, Büro Basımevi, Ankara.
• Kasman, A. & Duman, Y. S. (2015), “CO2 Emissions, Economic Growth, Energy Consumption, Trade and Urbanization in New EU Member and Candidate Countries: A Panel Data Analysis”, Economic Modelling,44, 97–103.
• Kofi, A. P., Bekoe, W., Amuakwa-Mensah, F., Mensah, J. T. ve Botchway, E. (2012), “Carbon Dioxide Emissions, Economic Growth, Industrial Structure, and Technical Efficiency: Empirical Evidence from Ghana, Senegal, and Morocco on the Causal Dynamics”, Energy,47(1), 314–325.
• Liao, H. & Cao, H. S. (2013), “How Does Carbon Dioxide Emission Change With The Economic Development? Statistical Experiences from 132 Countries”, Global Environmental Change,23(5), 1073–1082.
• Loganathan, N., Shahbaz, M. & Taha, R. (2014). “The Link Between Green Taxation and Economic Growth on CO2 Emissions: Fresh Evidence from Malaysia”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 38, 1083–1091.
• Lotfalipour, M. R., Falahi, M. A. & Ashena, M. (2010), “Economic Growth, CO2 Emissions, and Fossil Fuels Consumption in Iran”, Energy,35(12), 5115–5120.
• Menyah, K. & Wolde-Rufael, Y. (2010), "Energy Consumption, Pollutant Emissions and Economic Growth in South Africa", Energy Economics, 32(6), 1374-1382.
• Omrı, A. (2013), "CO2 Emissions, Energy Consumption and Economic Growth Nexus in MENA Countries: Evidence from Simultaneous Equations Models", Energy Economics, 40, 657-664.
• Özcan, B. (2013), “The Nexus Between Carbon Emissions, Energy Consumption and Economic Growth in Middle East Countries: A Panel Data Analysis”, Energy Policy,62, 1138–1147.
• Öztürk, I. & Acaravcı, A. (2013), "The Long-Run and Causal Analysis of Energy, Growth, Openness and Financial Development on Carbon Emissions in Turkey", Energy Economics, 36, 262-267.
• Pao, H.-T. & Li, Y.-Y. (2014), “Clean Energy, Non-Clean Energy, and Economic Growth in The MIST Countries”, Energy Policy,67, 932–942.
• Pao, H.-T. & Tsai, C.-M. (2011), “Multivariate Granger Causality Between CO2 Emissions, Energy Consumption, FDI (foreign direct investment) and GDP (gross domestic product): Evidence From a Panel of BRIC (Brazil, Russian Federation, India, and China) Countries”, Energy,36(1), 685–693.
• Park, J. & Hong, T. (2013), “Analysis of South Korea’s Economic Growth, Carbon Dioxide Emission, and Energy Consumption Using The Markov Switching Model”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,18, 543–551.
• Saboori, B., Sapri, M. & Bin Baba, M. (2014), “Economic Growth, Energy Consumption and CO2 Emissions in OECD (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development)’s Transport Sector: A Fully Modified Bi-Directional Relationship Approach”, Energy,66, 150–161.
• Salahuddin, M. & Gow, J. (2014), “Economic Growth, Energy Consumption and CO2 Emissions in Gulf Cooperation Council Countries”, Energy,73, 44–58.
• Sarısoy, S. & Yıldız, F. (2013), “Karbondioksit (CO2) Emisyonu ve Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisi: Gelişmiş ve Gelişmekte Olan Ülkeler İçin Panel Veri Analizi”, Sosyal Bilimler Metinleri, 2, 1-28.
• Sbıa, R., Shahbaz, M. & Hamdi, H. (2014), “A Contribution of Foreign Direct Investment, Clean Energy, Trade Openness, Carbon Emissions and Economic Growth to Energy Demand in UAE”, Economic Modelling,36, 191–197.
• Shahbaz, M., Hye, Q. M. A., Tiwari, A. K. & Leitão, N. C. (2013), “Economic Growth, Energy Consumption, Financial Development, International Trade and CO2 Emissions in Indonesia”,Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 25, 109–121.
• Soytas, U., Sari, R. & Ewing, B. T. (2007), “Energy Consumption, Income, and Carbon Emissions in The United States”, Ecological Economics,62(3-4), 482–489.
• Tutulmaz, O., Şahinöz, A. & Çağatay, S. (2012), “Karbondioksit Emisyonu Üzerinden Çevre Baskısı Değerlendirmesi: Çevresel Kuznets Eğrisine Panel Veri Uygulaması”, İktisat İşletme ve Finans,27(314), 35–72.
• Van Hoa, T.& Limskul, K. (2013), “Economic Impact of CO2 Emissions on Thailand’s Growth and Climate Change Mitigation Policy: A Modelling Analysis”, Economic Modelling,33, 651–658.
• Yöntem, G. (2013), “Ekonomik Büyüme Ve Karbon Salınımı Arasındaki İlişkinin Nedensellik Analizi: Türkiye Örneği”, Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi İktisadi İdari Bilimler Fakültesi, 1-11.
• Zhang, X. P. & Cheng, X. M. (2009), "Energy Consumption, Carbon Emissions, and Economic Growth in China", Ecological Economics, 68(10), 2706-2712.
• Zivot, E. & Andrews, D. W. K. (1992), “Further Evidence on the Great Crash, the Oil-Price Shock, and the Unit-Root Hypothesis”, Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, 10(3),251-270.