BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

The Uncounted Who Wish to Work – Distinct to the Unemployed or Similar?

Yıl 2014, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 21, - , 01.06.2014
https://doi.org/10.17233/se.42514

Öz

In this study, we examine whether the job search criterion is appropriate for defining the unemployed in Turkey or an alternative standard such as wish to work should be used instead of the conventional criteria. For this purpose, we explore transition probabilities between different labor states particularly of those who express their will for work although they are not looking for a job. Using the four year rotational panel data from Survey of Income and Living Conditions (SILC) we test whether they form a distinct group to the officially defined unemployed or not. We re-classify the population out of labor force according to their degree of attachment to labor market as marginally attached and not attached/inactive. Evidence obtained shows that the marginally attached are a distinct group to the unemployed however we’ve also found that they are distinct to the not attached group as well. The latter result is stronger for women at prime age. These findings hold for one, two and three-year transitions between different labor force states over the period 2006-2009 in Turkey.

Kaynakça

  • Antonopoulos, R. & I. Hirway, (2010), Unpaid Work and the Economy: Gender, Time Use and Poverty in Developing Countries. Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Bahce, S.A. & E. Memis, (2013), “Estimating the Impact of 2008-09 Economic Crisis on Work Time in Turkey’, Feminist Economics, 19 (2) Special Issue on Critical and Feminist Perspectives on Financial and Economic Crises, April.
  • Bahce, S.A. & E. Memis, (2014), “The Impact of the Economic Crisis on Joblessness in Turkey”, The Economic and Labour Relations Review, Vol. 25(1), 130–153.
  • Bittman, M. & T. Hill & C. Thomson (2007), “The Impact of Caring on Informal Carers’ Employment, Income and Earnings: A Longitudinal Approach”, Australian Journal of Social Issues, Vol. 42(2), 255-277.
  • Bora, A. & I. Ustun & N. Erdogan & T. Bora (2011), Boşuna mı Okuduk? Turkiye’de Beyaz Yakalı Işsizligi, Iletisim Yayinevi: Ankara.
  • Borbely, J.M. (2009), “U.S. Labor Market in 2008: Economy in Recession” in The 2008 Employment Story, Monthly Labor Review, Vol.132(3), 3-19, <http://www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2009/03/mlr200903.pdf>, 28.08.2011.
  • Bulutay, T. & Enver Taştı (2004), “Informal Sector in the Turkish Labor Market”, Turkish Economic Association Discussion Papers, No: 2004/22.
  • Byrne, D. & E. Strobl, (2004) “Defining Unemployment in Developing Countries: The Case of Trinidad and Tobago”, Journal of Development Economics, Vol. 73, 465– 476.
  • Centeno, M. & P.A. Fernandes (2004), “Labor Market Heterogeneity: Distinguishing between Unemployment and Inactivity”, Banco de Portugal Economic Bulletin, March 2004, 61-68.
  • Centeno, M. & J.R. Maria & A.A. Novo (2010), The NAIRU and the Marginally Attached, <http://www.aiel.it/bacheca/PESCARA/papers/Centeno_Maria_Novo.pdf>, 15.07.2012.
  • Elson, Diane (1993), “Gender-aware Analysis and Development Economics”, Journal of International Development, 5(2): 237-247.
  • Gray, M. & A. Heath & B. Hunter (2005), “The Labor Force Dynamics of the Marginally Attached”, Australian Economic Papers, Vol. 44(1), 1-14.
  • Gürsel, S. (2009), “Krizin Türkiye’de İşgücü Piyasalarına Etkisi, presented at Küresel Ekonomik Kriz ve Türkiye Ekonomisi’nin Geleceği”, Uluslararası İktisatçılar Zirvesi, 22 Mayıs 2009.
  • Hunter, B.H. & M.C. Gray (2012), “Determinants of Indigenous Labor Supply Following a Period of Strong Economic Growth”, CAEPR Working Paper, No. 81/2012.
  • ILO (2012), World of Work Report, <http://www.ilo.org/public/english/bureau/inst/download/wow2012.pdf>, 19.12.2013.
  • Ilkkaracan, İ. & S. Polat & H. Levent (2013), “Exploring different measures of wage flexibility in a developing economy context: The case for Turkey”, International Review of Applied Economics, Vol. 27 (3).
  • Jones, S.R.G. & W.C. Riddell (1999), “The Measurement of Unemployment: An Empirical Approach”, Econometrica, Vol. 67(1), 147-162.
  • Jones, S.R.G. & W.C. Riddell (2002), “Unemployment and Non-Employment: Heterogeneities in Labor Market States”, Department of Economics Working Paper Series, 2002-05, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
  • Kingdon, G. & J. Knight (2000), “Are Searching and Non-Searching Unemployment Distinct States when Unemployment is High? The Case of South Africa”, Centre of African Economies Working Paper Series, 2000/2.
  • Kızılırmak, A.B. (2008), “Labor Market Participation Decisions of Married Women: Evidence from Turkey,” in A. Deshpande (ed.), Globalization and Development: A Handbook of New Perspective, Oxford University Press.
  • Memiş, E. & U. Öneş & A.B. Kızılırmak (2011), “Housewifisation of Women: Contextualising Gendered Patterns of Paid and Unpaid Work”, in: Saniye Dedeoğlu & Adem Y. Elveren (eds.), Gender and Society in Turkey: The Impact of Neoliberal Policies, Political Islam and EU Accession. I.B. Tairus.
  • Milkman, R. (1976), “Women’s Work and Economic Crisis: Some Lessons of the Great Depression”, Review of Radical Political Economics, 8 (1): 71-97.
  • Ministry of Development and the World Bank (2009), Social and Economic Benefits of More and Better Job Opportunities for Women in Turkey.
  • Özbay, F. (1990), “Kadınların Ev İçi ve Ev Dışı Uğraşlarındaki Değişme”, in Ş. Tekeli (ed.), 1980’ler Türkiyesi”nde Kadın Bakış Açısından Kadınlar, İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları, 115-140.
  • Tansel, A. & H.M. Taşçı (2005), “Unemployment and Transitions in the Turkish Labor Market: Evidence from Individual Level Data”, IZA Discussion Paper, No: 1663.
  • Tansel, A. & E.Ö. Kan (2012), “Labor Mobility across the Formal/Informal Divide in Turkey: Evidence from Individual Level Data”, TEK Discussion Paper, No: 12/1.

The Uncounted Who Wish to Work – Distinct to the Unemployed or Similar?

Yıl 2014, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 21, - , 01.06.2014
https://doi.org/10.17233/se.42514

Öz

In this study, we examine whether the job search criterion is appropriate for defining the unemployed in Turkey or an alternative standard such as wish to work should be used instead of the conventional criteria. For this purpose, we explore transition probabilities between different labor states particularly of those who express their will for work although they are not looking for a job. Using the four year rotational panel data from Survey of Income and Living Conditions (SILC) we test whether they form a distinct group to the officially defined unemployed or not. We re-classify the population out of labor force according to their degree of attachment to labor market as marginally attached and not attached/inactive. Evidence obtained shows that the marginally attached are a distinct group to the unemployed however we’ve also found that they are distinct to the not attached group as well. The latter result is stronger for women at prime age. These findings hold for one, two and three-year transitions between different labor force states over the period 2006-2009 in Turkey.

Kaynakça

  • Antonopoulos, R. & I. Hirway, (2010), Unpaid Work and the Economy: Gender, Time Use and Poverty in Developing Countries. Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Bahce, S.A. & E. Memis, (2013), “Estimating the Impact of 2008-09 Economic Crisis on Work Time in Turkey’, Feminist Economics, 19 (2) Special Issue on Critical and Feminist Perspectives on Financial and Economic Crises, April.
  • Bahce, S.A. & E. Memis, (2014), “The Impact of the Economic Crisis on Joblessness in Turkey”, The Economic and Labour Relations Review, Vol. 25(1), 130–153.
  • Bittman, M. & T. Hill & C. Thomson (2007), “The Impact of Caring on Informal Carers’ Employment, Income and Earnings: A Longitudinal Approach”, Australian Journal of Social Issues, Vol. 42(2), 255-277.
  • Bora, A. & I. Ustun & N. Erdogan & T. Bora (2011), Boşuna mı Okuduk? Turkiye’de Beyaz Yakalı Işsizligi, Iletisim Yayinevi: Ankara.
  • Borbely, J.M. (2009), “U.S. Labor Market in 2008: Economy in Recession” in The 2008 Employment Story, Monthly Labor Review, Vol.132(3), 3-19, <http://www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2009/03/mlr200903.pdf>, 28.08.2011.
  • Bulutay, T. & Enver Taştı (2004), “Informal Sector in the Turkish Labor Market”, Turkish Economic Association Discussion Papers, No: 2004/22.
  • Byrne, D. & E. Strobl, (2004) “Defining Unemployment in Developing Countries: The Case of Trinidad and Tobago”, Journal of Development Economics, Vol. 73, 465– 476.
  • Centeno, M. & P.A. Fernandes (2004), “Labor Market Heterogeneity: Distinguishing between Unemployment and Inactivity”, Banco de Portugal Economic Bulletin, March 2004, 61-68.
  • Centeno, M. & J.R. Maria & A.A. Novo (2010), The NAIRU and the Marginally Attached, <http://www.aiel.it/bacheca/PESCARA/papers/Centeno_Maria_Novo.pdf>, 15.07.2012.
  • Elson, Diane (1993), “Gender-aware Analysis and Development Economics”, Journal of International Development, 5(2): 237-247.
  • Gray, M. & A. Heath & B. Hunter (2005), “The Labor Force Dynamics of the Marginally Attached”, Australian Economic Papers, Vol. 44(1), 1-14.
  • Gürsel, S. (2009), “Krizin Türkiye’de İşgücü Piyasalarına Etkisi, presented at Küresel Ekonomik Kriz ve Türkiye Ekonomisi’nin Geleceği”, Uluslararası İktisatçılar Zirvesi, 22 Mayıs 2009.
  • Hunter, B.H. & M.C. Gray (2012), “Determinants of Indigenous Labor Supply Following a Period of Strong Economic Growth”, CAEPR Working Paper, No. 81/2012.
  • ILO (2012), World of Work Report, <http://www.ilo.org/public/english/bureau/inst/download/wow2012.pdf>, 19.12.2013.
  • Ilkkaracan, İ. & S. Polat & H. Levent (2013), “Exploring different measures of wage flexibility in a developing economy context: The case for Turkey”, International Review of Applied Economics, Vol. 27 (3).
  • Jones, S.R.G. & W.C. Riddell (1999), “The Measurement of Unemployment: An Empirical Approach”, Econometrica, Vol. 67(1), 147-162.
  • Jones, S.R.G. & W.C. Riddell (2002), “Unemployment and Non-Employment: Heterogeneities in Labor Market States”, Department of Economics Working Paper Series, 2002-05, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
  • Kingdon, G. & J. Knight (2000), “Are Searching and Non-Searching Unemployment Distinct States when Unemployment is High? The Case of South Africa”, Centre of African Economies Working Paper Series, 2000/2.
  • Kızılırmak, A.B. (2008), “Labor Market Participation Decisions of Married Women: Evidence from Turkey,” in A. Deshpande (ed.), Globalization and Development: A Handbook of New Perspective, Oxford University Press.
  • Memiş, E. & U. Öneş & A.B. Kızılırmak (2011), “Housewifisation of Women: Contextualising Gendered Patterns of Paid and Unpaid Work”, in: Saniye Dedeoğlu & Adem Y. Elveren (eds.), Gender and Society in Turkey: The Impact of Neoliberal Policies, Political Islam and EU Accession. I.B. Tairus.
  • Milkman, R. (1976), “Women’s Work and Economic Crisis: Some Lessons of the Great Depression”, Review of Radical Political Economics, 8 (1): 71-97.
  • Ministry of Development and the World Bank (2009), Social and Economic Benefits of More and Better Job Opportunities for Women in Turkey.
  • Özbay, F. (1990), “Kadınların Ev İçi ve Ev Dışı Uğraşlarındaki Değişme”, in Ş. Tekeli (ed.), 1980’ler Türkiyesi”nde Kadın Bakış Açısından Kadınlar, İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları, 115-140.
  • Tansel, A. & H.M. Taşçı (2005), “Unemployment and Transitions in the Turkish Labor Market: Evidence from Individual Level Data”, IZA Discussion Paper, No: 1663.
  • Tansel, A. & E.Ö. Kan (2012), “Labor Mobility across the Formal/Informal Divide in Turkey: Evidence from Individual Level Data”, TEK Discussion Paper, No: 12/1.
Toplam 26 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Seçil Kaya Bahçe

Emel Memiş

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Haziran 2014
Gönderilme Tarihi 12 Aralık 2014
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2014 Cilt: 21 Sayı: 21

Kaynak Göster

APA Kaya Bahçe, S., & Memiş, E. (2014). The Uncounted Who Wish to Work – Distinct to the Unemployed or Similar?. Sosyoekonomi, 21(21). https://doi.org/10.17233/se.42514
AMA Kaya Bahçe S, Memiş E. The Uncounted Who Wish to Work – Distinct to the Unemployed or Similar?. Sosyoekonomi. Nisan 2014;21(21). doi:10.17233/se.42514
Chicago Kaya Bahçe, Seçil, ve Emel Memiş. “The Uncounted Who Wish to Work – Distinct to the Unemployed or Similar?”. Sosyoekonomi 21, sy. 21 (Nisan 2014). https://doi.org/10.17233/se.42514.
EndNote Kaya Bahçe S, Memiş E (01 Nisan 2014) The Uncounted Who Wish to Work – Distinct to the Unemployed or Similar?. Sosyoekonomi 21 21
IEEE S. Kaya Bahçe ve E. Memiş, “The Uncounted Who Wish to Work – Distinct to the Unemployed or Similar?”, Sosyoekonomi, c. 21, sy. 21, 2014, doi: 10.17233/se.42514.
ISNAD Kaya Bahçe, Seçil - Memiş, Emel. “The Uncounted Who Wish to Work – Distinct to the Unemployed or Similar?”. Sosyoekonomi 21/21 (Nisan 2014). https://doi.org/10.17233/se.42514.
JAMA Kaya Bahçe S, Memiş E. The Uncounted Who Wish to Work – Distinct to the Unemployed or Similar?. Sosyoekonomi. 2014;21. doi:10.17233/se.42514.
MLA Kaya Bahçe, Seçil ve Emel Memiş. “The Uncounted Who Wish to Work – Distinct to the Unemployed or Similar?”. Sosyoekonomi, c. 21, sy. 21, 2014, doi:10.17233/se.42514.
Vancouver Kaya Bahçe S, Memiş E. The Uncounted Who Wish to Work – Distinct to the Unemployed or Similar?. Sosyoekonomi. 2014;21(21).