Araştırma Makalesi
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Havayolu İşletmelerinin Operasyonel Performansının Belirleyicileri: Dünyadaki Büyük Havayolu İşletmeleri Üzerinde Ampirik Bir Araştırma

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 28 Sayı: 43, 107 - 117, 25.01.2020
https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2020.01.06

Öz

Hava taşımacılığı endüstrisi dinamik bir endüstri olup bünyesinde gerçekleştirilen faaliyetler dinamik bir çevrede sürdürülmektedir. Bu durum havayolu işletmeleri arasında yoğun bir rekabete sebebiyet vermekte ve havayollarının operasyonel performansını geliştirmesine olanak sağlamakta ve onları yeni arayışlara yönlendirmektedir. Havayolu şirketlerinin operasyonel performansını etkileyen faktörlerin ortaya çıkarılmasının onlara stratejik avantajlar sağlayacağı iddia edilmektedir. Dolayısıyla bu araştırma, literatürde yer alan araştırmaların aksine havayolu işletmelerinin operasyonel performansını etkileyen faktörlere odaklanmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, havayolu şirketlerinin operasyonel performansını belirleyen faktörlerin ampirik olarak incelenmesidir. Küresel hava yolcu taşımacılığı endüstrisinin %90’ından fazlasını kontrol eden 52 havayolu işletmesinin 1990 ve 2017 yılları arasındaki operasyonel verileri panel veri analizi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonuçları, taşınan yolcu sayısının, doluluk oranının, havayollarının yaptığı uçuş sayısının, uçağın kullanım oranının ve taşınan kargo miktarının operasyonel performansı anlamlı olarak etkilediğini göstermektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Assaf, A. G., & Josiassen, A. (2012), “European vs. U.S. airlines: Performance comparison in a dynamic market. Tourism Management, 33(2), 317–326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2011.03.012
  • Barbot, C., Costa, Á., & Sochirca, E. (2008), “Airlines performance in the new market context: A comparative productivity and efficiency analysis. Journal of Air Transport Management, 14(5), 270–274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2008.05.003
  • Barros, C. P., & Peypoch, N. (2009), “An evaluation of European airlines’ operational performance”. International Journal of Production Economics, 122(2), 525-533.
  • Behn, B. K., & Riley Jr, R. A. (1999), “Using nonfinancial information to predict financial performance: The case of the US airline industry”. Journal of Accounting, Auditing & Finance, 14(1), 29-56.
  • Belobaba, P. (2009), “Airline operating costs and measures of productivity”. The global airline industry, 136-139.
  • Chiou, Y.C. & Y.H. Chen (2006), “Route-based performance evaluation of Taiwanese domestic airlines using data envelopment analysis”, Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 42(2), 116-127.
  • Dinçer, H., Hacıoğlu, Ü., & Yüksel, S. (2017), “Balanced scorecard based performance measurement of European airlines using a hybrid multicriteria decision making approach under the fuzzy environment”. Journal of Air Transport Management, 63, 17–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2017.05.005
  • Emil, M. F., Yılmaz, H. H., & Rijkeghem, C. V. (2005), “Kamu Borcu Nasıl Oluştu? Bu Noktaya Nasıl Gelindi?” İstanbul: Tesev Yayınları Türkiye-Avrupa Birliği İlişkileri Serisi.
  • Feng, C. M., & Wang, R. T. (2000), “Performance evaluation for airlines including the consideration of financial ratios”. Journal of Air Transport Management, 6(3), 133-142.
  • Francis, G., Humphreys, I., & Fry, J. (2005), “The nature and prevalence of the use of performance measurement techniques by airlines”. Journal of Air Transport Management, 11(4), 207-217.
  • Gerede, E. (2015), “Havayolu İşletmeciliğine İlişkin Temel Kavramlar. E. Gerede içinde, Havayolu Taşımacılığı ve Ekonomik Düzenlemeler Teori ve Türkiye Uygulaması, 1-46.
  • Graham, D. R., Kaplan, D. P., & Sibley, D. S. (1983), “Efficiency and competition in the airline industry”. The Bell Journal of Economics, 118-138.
  • Gilbert, D., & Wong, R. K. (2003), “Passenger expectations and airline services: a Hong Kong based study”. Tourism Management, 24(5), 519-532.
  • Hsu, C. C., & Liou, J. J. (2013), “An outsourcing provider decision model for the airline industry”. Journal of Air Transport Management, 28, 40-46.
  • Jenatabadi, H. S., & Ismail, N. A. (2012, March), “A new perspective on modeling of airline performance”. 3rd International Conference on Business and Economic Research.
  • Jenatabadi, H. S., & Ismail, N. A. (2014), “Application of structural equation modelling for estimating airline performance”. Journal of Air Transport Management, 40, 25-33.
  • Joo, S. J., & L. Fowler, K. (2014), “Exploring comparative efficiency and determinants of efficiency for major world airlines”. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 21(4), 675-687.
  • Liou, J.J. & G.H. Tzeng & H.C. Chang (2007), “Airline safety measurement using a hybrid model”, Journal of Air Transport Management, 13(4), 243-249.
  • Lozano, S., & Gutiérrez, E. (2014), “A slacks-based network DEA efficiency analysis of European airlines”. Transportation Planning and Technology, 37(7), 623–637. https://doi.org/10.1080/03081060.2014.935569
  • Min, H. & S.J. Joo (2016), “A comparative performance analysis of airline strategic alliances using data envelopment analysis”, Journal of Air Transport Management, 52, 99-110.
  • Perçin, S. & E. Aldalou (2018), “Financial Performance Evaluation of Turkish Airline Companies Using Integrated Fuzzy AHP Fuzzy TOPSIS Model”, Uluslararası İktisadi ve İdari İncelemeler Dergisi, (18. EYİ Özel Sayısı), 583-598.
  • Pineda, P.J.G. & J.J. Liou & C.C. Hsu & Y.C. Chuang (2018), “An integrated MCDM model for improving airline operational and financial performance”, Journal of Air Transport Management, 68, 103-117.
  • Rose, N.L. (1990), “Profitability and product quality: Economic determinants of airline safety performance”, Journal of Political Economy, 98(5, Part 1), 944-964.
  • Saeedi, H. & B. Behdani & B. Wiegmans & R. Zuidwijk (2018), Performance Measurement in Freight Transport Systems: A Literature Review.
  • Schefczyk, M. (1993), “Operational performance of airlines: an extension of traditional measurement paradigms”, Strategic Management Journal, 14(4), 301-317.
  • Scheraga, C.A. (2004), “Operational efficiency versus financial mobility in the global airline industry: A data envelopment and Tobit analysis”, Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 38(5), 383-404.
  • Scotti, D. & N. Volta (2017), “Profitability change in the global airline industry”, Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 102, 1-12.
  • See, K.F. & A.A. Rashid (2016), “Total factor productivity analysis of Malaysia Airlines: Lessons from the past and directions for the future”, Research in Transportation Economics, 56, 42-49.
  • Seufert, J.H. & A. Arjomandi & K.H. Dakpo (2017), “Evaluating airline operational performance: A Luenberger-Hicks-Moorsteen productivity indicator”, Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 104, 52-68.
  • Tatoğlu, F.Y. (2016), Panel Veri Ekonometrisi, Beta Yayınevi.
  • Yu, M.M. & L.H. Chen & H. Chiang (2017), “The effects of alliances and size on airlines’ dynamic operational performance”, Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 106, 197-214.
  • Zhang, Q. & H. Yang & Q. Wang & A. Zhang (2014), “Market power and its determinants in the Chinese airline industry”, Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 64, 1-13.
  • Zhu, J. (2011), “Airlines Performance via Two-Stage Network DEA Approach”, Journal of CENTRUM Cathedra: The Business and Economics Research Journal, 4(2), 260-269.

The Determinants of Airline Operational Performance: An Empirical Study on Major World Airlines

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 28 Sayı: 43, 107 - 117, 25.01.2020
https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2020.01.06

Öz

The air transport industry is a dynamic sector and operates in a dynamic environment. This situation leads to intense competition among airlines and, consequently, to a search for new methods to improve the operational performance. It is claimed that revealing the factors affecting the operational performance of airline companies will give them strategic advantages. Therefore, this study focuses on the factors that affect the operational performance of airlines, unlike previous studies in the literature. The aim of this study is to empirically examine the factors which determine the operational performance of airline companies. The operational data for the period between 1990 and 2017 of 52 airlines, which control more than 90% of the global air passenger transport industry, were analyzed using panel data analysis. The results of the study show that the number of passengers carried, the load factor, the number of flights made by the airlines, the rate of use of the aircraft and the amount of cargo carried by the airlines significantly affect their operational performance.

Kaynakça

  • Assaf, A. G., & Josiassen, A. (2012), “European vs. U.S. airlines: Performance comparison in a dynamic market. Tourism Management, 33(2), 317–326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2011.03.012
  • Barbot, C., Costa, Á., & Sochirca, E. (2008), “Airlines performance in the new market context: A comparative productivity and efficiency analysis. Journal of Air Transport Management, 14(5), 270–274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2008.05.003
  • Barros, C. P., & Peypoch, N. (2009), “An evaluation of European airlines’ operational performance”. International Journal of Production Economics, 122(2), 525-533.
  • Behn, B. K., & Riley Jr, R. A. (1999), “Using nonfinancial information to predict financial performance: The case of the US airline industry”. Journal of Accounting, Auditing & Finance, 14(1), 29-56.
  • Belobaba, P. (2009), “Airline operating costs and measures of productivity”. The global airline industry, 136-139.
  • Chiou, Y.C. & Y.H. Chen (2006), “Route-based performance evaluation of Taiwanese domestic airlines using data envelopment analysis”, Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 42(2), 116-127.
  • Dinçer, H., Hacıoğlu, Ü., & Yüksel, S. (2017), “Balanced scorecard based performance measurement of European airlines using a hybrid multicriteria decision making approach under the fuzzy environment”. Journal of Air Transport Management, 63, 17–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2017.05.005
  • Emil, M. F., Yılmaz, H. H., & Rijkeghem, C. V. (2005), “Kamu Borcu Nasıl Oluştu? Bu Noktaya Nasıl Gelindi?” İstanbul: Tesev Yayınları Türkiye-Avrupa Birliği İlişkileri Serisi.
  • Feng, C. M., & Wang, R. T. (2000), “Performance evaluation for airlines including the consideration of financial ratios”. Journal of Air Transport Management, 6(3), 133-142.
  • Francis, G., Humphreys, I., & Fry, J. (2005), “The nature and prevalence of the use of performance measurement techniques by airlines”. Journal of Air Transport Management, 11(4), 207-217.
  • Gerede, E. (2015), “Havayolu İşletmeciliğine İlişkin Temel Kavramlar. E. Gerede içinde, Havayolu Taşımacılığı ve Ekonomik Düzenlemeler Teori ve Türkiye Uygulaması, 1-46.
  • Graham, D. R., Kaplan, D. P., & Sibley, D. S. (1983), “Efficiency and competition in the airline industry”. The Bell Journal of Economics, 118-138.
  • Gilbert, D., & Wong, R. K. (2003), “Passenger expectations and airline services: a Hong Kong based study”. Tourism Management, 24(5), 519-532.
  • Hsu, C. C., & Liou, J. J. (2013), “An outsourcing provider decision model for the airline industry”. Journal of Air Transport Management, 28, 40-46.
  • Jenatabadi, H. S., & Ismail, N. A. (2012, March), “A new perspective on modeling of airline performance”. 3rd International Conference on Business and Economic Research.
  • Jenatabadi, H. S., & Ismail, N. A. (2014), “Application of structural equation modelling for estimating airline performance”. Journal of Air Transport Management, 40, 25-33.
  • Joo, S. J., & L. Fowler, K. (2014), “Exploring comparative efficiency and determinants of efficiency for major world airlines”. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 21(4), 675-687.
  • Liou, J.J. & G.H. Tzeng & H.C. Chang (2007), “Airline safety measurement using a hybrid model”, Journal of Air Transport Management, 13(4), 243-249.
  • Lozano, S., & Gutiérrez, E. (2014), “A slacks-based network DEA efficiency analysis of European airlines”. Transportation Planning and Technology, 37(7), 623–637. https://doi.org/10.1080/03081060.2014.935569
  • Min, H. & S.J. Joo (2016), “A comparative performance analysis of airline strategic alliances using data envelopment analysis”, Journal of Air Transport Management, 52, 99-110.
  • Perçin, S. & E. Aldalou (2018), “Financial Performance Evaluation of Turkish Airline Companies Using Integrated Fuzzy AHP Fuzzy TOPSIS Model”, Uluslararası İktisadi ve İdari İncelemeler Dergisi, (18. EYİ Özel Sayısı), 583-598.
  • Pineda, P.J.G. & J.J. Liou & C.C. Hsu & Y.C. Chuang (2018), “An integrated MCDM model for improving airline operational and financial performance”, Journal of Air Transport Management, 68, 103-117.
  • Rose, N.L. (1990), “Profitability and product quality: Economic determinants of airline safety performance”, Journal of Political Economy, 98(5, Part 1), 944-964.
  • Saeedi, H. & B. Behdani & B. Wiegmans & R. Zuidwijk (2018), Performance Measurement in Freight Transport Systems: A Literature Review.
  • Schefczyk, M. (1993), “Operational performance of airlines: an extension of traditional measurement paradigms”, Strategic Management Journal, 14(4), 301-317.
  • Scheraga, C.A. (2004), “Operational efficiency versus financial mobility in the global airline industry: A data envelopment and Tobit analysis”, Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 38(5), 383-404.
  • Scotti, D. & N. Volta (2017), “Profitability change in the global airline industry”, Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 102, 1-12.
  • See, K.F. & A.A. Rashid (2016), “Total factor productivity analysis of Malaysia Airlines: Lessons from the past and directions for the future”, Research in Transportation Economics, 56, 42-49.
  • Seufert, J.H. & A. Arjomandi & K.H. Dakpo (2017), “Evaluating airline operational performance: A Luenberger-Hicks-Moorsteen productivity indicator”, Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 104, 52-68.
  • Tatoğlu, F.Y. (2016), Panel Veri Ekonometrisi, Beta Yayınevi.
  • Yu, M.M. & L.H. Chen & H. Chiang (2017), “The effects of alliances and size on airlines’ dynamic operational performance”, Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 106, 197-214.
  • Zhang, Q. & H. Yang & Q. Wang & A. Zhang (2014), “Market power and its determinants in the Chinese airline industry”, Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 64, 1-13.
  • Zhu, J. (2011), “Airlines Performance via Two-Stage Network DEA Approach”, Journal of CENTRUM Cathedra: The Business and Economics Research Journal, 4(2), 260-269.
Toplam 33 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Kasım Kiracı 0000-0002-2061-171X

Mehmet Yaşar 0000-0002-8246-6853

Yayımlanma Tarihi 25 Ocak 2020
Gönderilme Tarihi 12 Şubat 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 28 Sayı: 43

Kaynak Göster

APA Kiracı, K., & Yaşar, M. (2020). The Determinants of Airline Operational Performance: An Empirical Study on Major World Airlines. Sosyoekonomi, 28(43), 107-117. https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2020.01.06
AMA Kiracı K, Yaşar M. The Determinants of Airline Operational Performance: An Empirical Study on Major World Airlines. Sosyoekonomi. Ocak 2020;28(43):107-117. doi:10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2020.01.06
Chicago Kiracı, Kasım, ve Mehmet Yaşar. “The Determinants of Airline Operational Performance: An Empirical Study on Major World Airlines”. Sosyoekonomi 28, sy. 43 (Ocak 2020): 107-17. https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2020.01.06.
EndNote Kiracı K, Yaşar M (01 Ocak 2020) The Determinants of Airline Operational Performance: An Empirical Study on Major World Airlines. Sosyoekonomi 28 43 107–117.
IEEE K. Kiracı ve M. Yaşar, “The Determinants of Airline Operational Performance: An Empirical Study on Major World Airlines”, Sosyoekonomi, c. 28, sy. 43, ss. 107–117, 2020, doi: 10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2020.01.06.
ISNAD Kiracı, Kasım - Yaşar, Mehmet. “The Determinants of Airline Operational Performance: An Empirical Study on Major World Airlines”. Sosyoekonomi 28/43 (Ocak 2020), 107-117. https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2020.01.06.
JAMA Kiracı K, Yaşar M. The Determinants of Airline Operational Performance: An Empirical Study on Major World Airlines. Sosyoekonomi. 2020;28:107–117.
MLA Kiracı, Kasım ve Mehmet Yaşar. “The Determinants of Airline Operational Performance: An Empirical Study on Major World Airlines”. Sosyoekonomi, c. 28, sy. 43, 2020, ss. 107-1, doi:10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2020.01.06.
Vancouver Kiracı K, Yaşar M. The Determinants of Airline Operational Performance: An Empirical Study on Major World Airlines. Sosyoekonomi. 2020;28(43):107-1.